The TE students visited the Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation Water Treatment Plant to learn about water treatment processes. The objectives were to generate interest in environmental engineering, introduce water treatment plant activities and components, and explain water supply networks and SCADA automation. Key outcomes were students understanding treatment plant components and design, studying water supply schemes and plant operation/maintenance. The plant treats water from Pawna Dam and Ravet-Punawale Dam and supplies 515 MLD to the city using a multi-phase treatment process including clarification, chlorination, filtration and storage.

1. Site Visit of TE students at Water Treatment Plant PCMC
Date:- 11/10/2022
Addres: PCMC Water Treatment Plant, Sector Number 23, Transport Nagar, Nigdi,
Pimpri-Chinchwad, Maharashtra 411044
Objectives:
1. To generate interest in the subject environmental Engineering and water supply.
2. To introduce different activities carried out at Water Treatment Plant..
3. To introduce Water Supply and Distribution Networks and SCADA.(automation)
Site Visit Outcomes:
1. Students have got an idea about different components of Water Treatment Plant.
2. Students could observe and study design measures of Water Treatment Plant.
3. students could study water supply scheme and Operation and maintaniance of WTP
To become a Civil Engineer its very important to have a balance Theoretical Knowledge as well
as Practical Knowledge. Eventually with the same concept our visit was organized to WATER

2. TREATMENT PLANT at Nigdi. The visit was plan with the intention to enhance our theoretical
knowledge with practical experience. The Water Treatment Plant is operated by
Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC). Water is treated here and then supplied to
the entire twin city. The Water Treatment Plant works with basic aim to make water more
acceptable for a specific end-use. The end use supply may be drinking and domestic purpose
only.
PCMC Water Supply: overview
• Population Served: 1.6 million (Aprrox)
• Area Covered:-181 Sq.Kms
• Water Supply released to City: 515 MLD
• curr3nt Water Supply: 170 LPCD
● Design Water Supply: 135 LPCD
No. of Water Connection: 1,17,936
• Total no of Elevated Service Reservoir (ESR's) :- 85-90 nos. Distribution served by Pumping or
Gravity too.
Water Treatment Plant
– Construction of
Phase I – 114 MLD in 1989
Phase II – 114 MLD in 1999
Phase III – 100 MLD in 2006
Phase IV – 100 MLD in 2010 (Under JnNURM Project)
– Total current Capacity of the plant is 515MLD
Plant area is 35 acres for all the phases

3. Implementation of SCADA System (automation system)
– SCADA would primarily assist in capturing real time information
– Implementation of SCADA introduced in 2010-11
– After complete implementation by April 2011, planning on corrective
measures can be taken on
By providing required quantity of water at storage
Precise measures for reducing NRW
Faster corrective measures on water losses
– Elimination of Human Error/interference causing unequal distribution in
water supply.
Note:- Before SCADA installation in plant there is 40+ non technical staff available for diversified
activities, but after SCADA there is only 1 technical and 2 non technical person available for all
ths operational activities.
Water Demand
Water demand projections are worked out with 170 liters per capita per day (LPCD) at
consumer end. Values of the zone/ward wise demand for the Pimpri-Chinchwad city have been
considered.
Water demand to the nodes of the distribution system is computed using the water districts
data provided by the PCMC.
Population Forecast and Demand Estimation
The population of the Pimpri-Chinchwad as per 2011 census is 17,30,133. The present
Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation has area of 181 square kilometers.
Note. Population Forecast increase growth rate per dacade is 7.1
The Intake Source
The Intake Source of Water treatment Plant Nigadi is Pawna dam (Gravity Dam) situated nearly
35-40km away from the plant. The discharge of water there is 10MEGA WATT HYDROPOWER
PLANT IS ESTABLISHED FOR LONAVALA POWER CONSUMPTION. Plant take it
6.81TMC/ANNUM for treatment. The plant treats 515MLD ( ie Milions Litres Per Day).Plant take
it raw water from Ravet-Punawale dam which is nearly 4-5kms. PCMC is planning to build fourth
water treatment plant in Chikhali.The new plant will enable the PCMC to treat water that will be
drawn in future from Andra and Bhama Askhed dams to meet the growing needs of Pimpri
Chinchwad.
The city's population is expected to rise to 25 lakh by 2025, which means the water supplied
Pavana dam while the areas in the Indrayani river basin will get water from Bhama Askhed and
Andra dams, located around 20 kms away. From reports for Pimpri Chinchwad, the state
government has sanctioned 167 MLD water from Bhama Askhed and 100 MLD water from
Andra dam.

4. Laboratory Treatments
The water sample from source is been treated to examine the amount of contaminants and the
selection of the suitable procedure of treatment.
The test conducted are:
•Turbidity
•pH
•Hardness
•Heavy metals concentration
Turbidity test is conducted to determine the amount of mud silt and other containments in water
which cant be seen through naked eyes.Turbidity is generally high in Rainy season as
compared to other season therefore extra efforts are taken at the time of Rainy season.Turbidity
can be measured using either by an electronic turbidity meter or a turbidity tube. Turbidity is
usually measured in Nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) or Jackson turbidity units (JTLJ),
depending on the method used for measurement. The two units are roughly equal. At Water
treatment Plant the Turbidity is measured by Turbidity Meter
Drinking water should have a turbidity of 5 NTU/JTU or less. Turbidity of more than 5 NTU/JTU
would be noticed by users and may cause rejection of the supply. Where water is chlorinated,
turbidity should be less than 5 NTU/JTU and preferably less than 1 NTU/JTU for chlorination to
be effective The dosage for alum to form coagulant is determined and added after aeration to for
proper sedimentation. However if the amount of coagulant is more then it affects the filtration
process.
Bacterial Test
The bacterial test is conducted to determine the Pathogenic bacteria's present in the
sample.There are some types of bacterial test as below
1. MPN method.
2. Radicals.
3. Single path method.
Treatment flow chart
Intake > screening (coarse screening) > various test > aerator > Clariflocculator > Chlorination
Unit (PAC) > flash mixer(105 rpm) > coagulation > Storage unit and pumping(ESR).
Aeriation unit
This is the starting unit of the water treatment procedure. Once the sample is tested the
water coming from Ravet is pumped through this cascaded aerator. (5steps) The purpose

5. of having an aerator is to improve the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water and to
release the other gases, also a few metals get oxidized during this procedure.
This procedure is important to make the water odorless as there is transmission of gases
during this process. Water is allowed to freely fall on the cascaded steps and which each
fall the water particles are exposed to the fresh air from the surrounding. This process
promotes the exchange of gases like CO2, etc.
Clariflocculator
This is the second unit placed after Aeration unit. flocculation is the central portion of the
tank which consist of a fash mixer that is rotating at a low speed to facilitate the
collision of the charged particles and their conversion into sludge which are settled
down.The water contains negatively charged particles whose amount is been analyzed and the
same quantity of positive charged particles are supplied in so as the positive charged particles
and negative charged particles gets attracted to each other and as the size of this particles
increases they settled down in Sedimentation zone.Sedimentation zone is the outer zone which
is curved in nature and there is depression at the center. Conical shape The water is having a
detention time of 0.5hr in the flocculation and 3hr in the sedimentation zone. Plants add
one partion layer to treat addion of water (20%)
Chlorination Unit
In all regions of the world. Where widely adopted, chlorine has helped to virtually eliminate
water- borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid and dysentery. Chlorine also eliminates slime
bacteria, molds
and algae that commonly grow in water supply reservoirs, on the walls of water mains and in
storage tanks. Only chlorine-based disinfectants leave a beneficial “residual” level that remains
in treated
water, helping to protect it during distribution and storage. Chlorine is a versatile and low-cost
disinfectant appropriate for any size water system.
Storage unit and pumping(ESR).
In this unit the treated water is allowed to stay for sometime and them pumped to the
distribution network by using mechanically operated pumps. The plant is powered by
electricity from the MSEDCL
There is a separate department for this.
Pumps for intake there is a
900HP - 6nos
450HP - 6nos
Totally flow are in closed conduits pipe through.
Sump Capacity is 8,10,12 MLD.

6. Filtration unit
This is a big unit comprising of a number of filter beds. The filter used in this tank was
rapid sand (godra sand), gravels, filter in which the water is allowed to pass through the
sand and it gets filtered as it passes down under the action of gravity. The sand is
having small pores which allows water to pass through it preventing the suspended
matter. During filtration the water enters the filter through upper valve, moves down towards the
filter bed, flows through the filter bed, passes the underdrainage system (filter bottom)and flows
out through lower valve. The unit used to measure filtration rate is actually the approach
velocity, which is the inflow rate (m^3/h) divided by the filtration area (m^2).When, after a period
of operation, the filter rate controller is fully opened, further
clogging of the filter bed cannot be further compensated and the filtration rate will fall.
The filter is then taken out of service for backwashing. Backwash water is send to aerator for
further treatment.For this, the upper and lower valves closed, and upper back wash valve is
opened to drain the remaining raw water out of the filter. A few minutes later lower backwash
valve is opened to admit the wash water. Backwashing by compressed air 3mm. The backwash
rate should be high enough to expand the filter bed by about 20% so that the filter grains can be
scoured, and the accumulated deposits carried away with the wash water. The wash water is
collected in the wash water troughs from where it drains to waste. When the backwashing is
completed, backwash valves are closed and upper valve is re-opened, admitting raw water to
begin a new filter run. Rotation of change filter gravel and sand is 5 years.
Maintenance
Every 2 months rotation is adopted for maintenance purpose for this task plant take fully shut
down and do all maintenance tasks. Plant announced the maintenance shutdown through
newspaper and local cable tv networks.
Structural Audit & NDT
PCMC conduct structural audit after every 1 years rotation.
LAB
Plants have own laboratory for all the
Physical, Chemical and Bio test on raw and treated water in plant area.
"Water is personal, water is local, water is regional, water is statewide.
Water is the most personal issue we have.."
Thank You 😊