The document discusses the programming language Go, detailing its features, such as concurrency, maps, and slices, as well as its object-oriented elements like structs, interfaces, and polymorphism. It emphasizes the significance of concurrency versus parallelism, providing examples of Go routines and channel usage in code. Additionally, it touches on programming ethics and awareness, showcasing the importance of type safety in coding practices.

1. Gopher It
@gautamrege

2. Gautam Rege

3. https://flic.kr/p/7bgkPn
Gautam Rege

4. https://flic.kr/p/7bgkPn
https://flic.kr/p/9HfsBe
Gautam Rege

5. Rethink Programming

6. Rethink Programming
Why Go?
• See various features of Go
• Go code snippets
• Lot’s of gopher cartoons

7. @joshsoftware
Where Programming an Art!

8. Why was another
language required?
Arn’t there enough already?
https://flic.kr/p/bk3mFf

9. Picking a language?
Safety Speed
Ease
?
Type
Syntax Compilation
Runtime
IPC

10. Picking a language?
Safety Speed
Ease
?
Type
Syntax
Readable
Maintainable
Learning
Compilation
Runtime
IPC

11. Picking a language?
Safety Speed
Ease
?
Type
Syntax
Readable
Maintainable
Learning
Compilation
Runtime
IPC

12. Inspiration for Go
https://speakerdeck.com/bg/the-roots-of-go

13. Go is C on Steroids

14. Go is C on Steroids

15. Go is C on Steroids
No more
memory leaks

16. Go is C on Steroids
No more
memory leaks
Maps, Slices
Closures
Concurrency

17. Go is C on Steroids
No more
memory leaks
Maps, Slices
Closures
Concurrency
go fmt
go build
go get
go fix

18. Concurrency
Parallelism
Multi-core Processing
Concurrency is not Parallelism

19. Concurrency
Independent executing components
Parallelism
Execution in parallel

20. “Don’t communicate
by sharing memory.
Share memory by
communicating.”
Rob Pike

21. Concurrency and Parallelism
1 2 3 4

22. Concurrency and Parallelism
1 2 3 4

25. CSP
Communicating Sequential Processes
https://flic.kr/p/6MwYFo

26. CSP
Communicating Sequential Processes
https://flic.kr/p/awu6ZA
since 1978 !!
https://flic.kr/p/6MwYFo

27. Is Golang
Object Oriented?

28. type Attendee struct {
Name string
Country string
phone string
ticket string
}
type Speaker struct {
Attendee
slot time.Time
}
type Conference struct {
Name string
Location string
people []*Attendee
}
Access
Specifiers

29. type Attendee struct {
Name string
Country string
phone string
ticket string
}
type Speaker struct {
Attendee
slot time.Time
}
type Conference struct {
Name string
Location string
people []*Attendee
}
Access
Specifiers

30. Export with Case Sensitiveness
Exported / Unexported
“Nothing is really protected”
type Attendee struct {
Name string
Country string
phone string
ticket string
}
type Speaker struct {
Attendee
slot time.Time
}
type Conference struct {
Name string
Location string
people []*Attendee
}
Access
Specifiers

31. Structs, not classes
Embedded structs
type Attendee struct {
Name string
Country string
phone string
ticket string
}
type Speaker struct {
Attendee
slot time.Time
}
type Conference struct {
Name string
Location string
people []*Attendee
}
Inheritance

32. Structs, not classes
Embedded structs
type Attendee struct {
Name string
Country string
phone string
ticket string
}
type Speaker struct {
Attendee
slot time.Time
}
type Conference struct {
Name string
Location string
people []*Attendee
}
Inheritance
m
m

33. Structs, not classes
Embedded structs
type Attendee struct {
Name string
Country string
phone string
ticket string
}
type Speaker struct {
Attendee
slot time.Time
}
type Conference struct {
Name string
Location string
people []*Attendee
}
Inheritance
m
m
m

34. func (c *Conference) BuyTicket() (ticket string, err error)
{
//payment gateway stuff
return "R-00001", nil
}
func (person *Attendee) Attend(c *Conference) bool {
ticket, err := c.BuyTicket()
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
person.ticket = ticket
return true
}
Functions with Receivers

35. func (c *Conference) BuyTicket() (ticket string, err error)
{
//payment gateway stuff
return "R-00001", nil
}
func (person *Attendee) Attend(c *Conference) bool {
ticket, err := c.BuyTicket()
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
person.ticket = ticket
return true
}
Functions with Receivers

36. func (c *Conference) BuyTicket() (ticket string, err error)
{
//payment gateway stuff
return "R-00001", nil
}
func (person *Attendee) Attend(c *Conference) bool {
ticket, err := c.BuyTicket()
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
person.ticket = ticket
return true
}
Functions with Receivers

37. type SocialNetworker interface {
OnFacebook() string
OnTwitter() string
}
Interfaces
Don’t implement interfaces.
They happen!

38. type SocialNetworker interface {
OnFacebook() string
OnTwitter() string
}
Interfaces
func (Attendee) OnFacebook() string {
return “my fb account"
}
func (Attendee) OnTwitter() string {
return "my twitter account"
}
func (Conference) OnFacebook() string {
return "conf fb account"
}
func (Conference) OnTwitter() string {
return "conf twitter account"
}

39. Polymorphism
var social SocialNetworker
social = me // Attendee
fmt.Println("me: ", social.OnFacebook())
social = c // Conference
fmt.Println("me: ", social.OnFacebook())

40. Polymorphism
var social SocialNetworker
social = me // Attendee
fmt.Println("me: ", social.OnFacebook())
social = c // Conference
fmt.Println("me: ", social.OnFacebook())

41. Programming Ethics

42. Programmer Awareness

43. Programmer Awareness

44. Programmer Awareness

45. Programmer Awareness

46. Programmer Awareness

47. Programmer Awareness

48. y := 2 // y is of type int
y = "3"
Programming Awareness

49. y := 2 // y is of type int
y = "3"
Programming Awareness
Compile Error
Did you just
assign a string
to an integer?

50. Programming Awareness
confs := make(map[string]Conference)
for key, value := range confs {
fmt.Println(value.Name)
}

51. Programming Awareness
confs := make(map[string]Conference)
for key, value := range confs {
fmt.Println(value.Name)
}
Just saying - you should not
iterate a hash, man!
I’l randomise the order now!

52. defer
func trace(s string) { fmt.Println("entering:", s) }
func untrace(s string) { fmt.Println("leaving:", s) }
func main() {
trace("main")
defer untrace("main")
// do your thing.
}

53. defer
func trace(s string) { fmt.Println("entering:", s) }
func untrace(s string) { fmt.Println("leaving:", s) }
func main() {
trace("main")
defer untrace("main")
// do your thing.
}
func trace(s string) string {
fmt.Println("entering:", s)
return s
}
func main() {
defer untrace(trace(“main”))
// do your thing.
}

54. Concurrency and Parallelism
1 2 3 4

55. Concurrency and Parallelism
1 2 3 4
Goroutines

56. Concurrency and Parallelism
1 2 3 4
Channels

57. Ah… Some Go code (finally)
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}

58. Packages
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup

59. Channels
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}

60. Channels
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}

61. Go Routines
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}

62. Writing to a Channel
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}

63. Goroutines and defer
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exit
n", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}

64. Reading from a Channel
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"sync"
)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
/*
* Each go-routine sleeps at random(1-5) seconds.
* This is simulating long working process
* Then we finish in order
*/
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}
func run(leg int, baton chan int) {
defer wg.Done()
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churningn", leg)
// Massive CPU churn
for count := 0; count < 300; count++ {
for char := 0; char < 30000; char++ {
fmt.Printf("")
}
}
fmt.Printf("Leg %d.. churned, waiting to exitn", leg)
check_baton(leg, baton)
}
func main() {
runtime.GOMAXPROCS(4)
baton := make(chan int)
wg.Add(4)
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
go run(i, baton)
}
// start the race
baton <- 1
// wait for relay to finish
wg.Wait()
}
func check_baton(leg int, baton chan int) {
for value := range baton {
switch value {
case leg:
// pass the baton
fmt.Println("Finished leg ", leg)
if leg == 4 {
close(baton)
} else {
baton <- leg + 1
}
return
default:
// ignore
baton <- value
}
}
}

65. Go in Production

66. Smart City Technology
• Help / Panic / 911
• Complaints
• e-Wallet & e-Shopping
• Hospital Admission
• e-Cycle Management
• Township Surveillance
• Visitor Management
Utility Metering & Billing
• Water
• Electricity
• Gas
• Smart Distribution Box
Communication
• Internet
• DTH
• Telephony
• Video On Demand
• e-Learning
• Parking Management
• Bank Auto-debit
• Township Smart Debit card
• Hospital Admission
• e-Cycle Management
• Digital Door Locks
• Asset Tag Tracking
• Smart Street Lighting
Services
Security

67. Building Smart Cities

68. Building Smart Circuits
modbus
Ethernetmbus
wmbus
zigbee

70. Adoption of Go

71. Golang References
http://golang.org
https://tour.golang.org
https://golang.org/doc/effective_go.html
https://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts
https://golang.org/play
http://blog.gopheracademy.com
http://www.goinggo.net
http://golang-challenge.com

72. Let the games begin !
@gautamrege
Gophers
@joshsoftware