Wangari Maathai was a Kenyan environmental and political activist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004, making her the first African woman to win the prize. She founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977 to promote environmental conservation and empowerment of women by having them plant trees. Through her activism, she fought against corruption and advocated for democracy and sustainable development in Kenya. She received numerous awards for her environmental and political work before passing away from cancer in 2011.