The document summarizes the key causes and events of the Mexican-American War from 1846 to 1848. It describes how large numbers of American settlers in Texas alarmed Mexican authorities, leading Mexico to restrict further immigration. When the US annexed Texas in 1845, war broke out. The Mexican army was poorly equipped and led compared to the US forces. Major battles included the US victories at Buena Vista and Cerro Gordo, weakening Mexican forces. Ultimately, the US emerged victorious and gained control of Texas, California, and other Mexican territories that became part of the expanding United States.

1. By Alex Rose Period 2 US-Mexican War

2. Causes of the War During the 1820s, the Mexican government sold many land grants for Americans to settle in the under populated area of present day Texas, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Arizona. The droves of settlers easily outnumbered the Mexicans there, which alarmed Mexican authorities.

3. Armies Mexican Supplied with unreliable weapons and had ammunition shortages. Many soldiers were illiterate; they were mostly conscripted farmers. Many women followed the army cooking and cleaning. American The majority of troops were armed with flint-lock muskets and trained as infantry. Decent medical care in the field made mortality rates much lower than in the Mexican army. A call for volunteers swelled the army ranks to over 50,000 men.

4. Leaders Antonio López de Santa Anna On again, off again President of Mexico. During the first James Polk 11 th President of the United States. Declared war against Mexico. Won what would later become Texas, California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and others for the US.

5. Battle of the Alamo

6. Battle of Buena Vista In 1847, President Polk ordered General Zachary Taylor to transfer his main force to General Scott to march on Mexico City. Taylor was left to defend his position with 5,000 inexperienced troops. General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna saw the opportunity and raced north with 20,000 Mexican soldiers. While Taylor secured his defense in a mountain pass Santa Anna called for his surrender. After several skirmishes, Santa Anna ordered a full assault on the US forces. After being beaten back, Santa Anna’s planned final blow was halted. He declared it a victory and retreated quickly. Mexican forces lost 3,400 men while the Americans lost only 650. Outcome- US Victory.

7. Battle of Cerro Gordo US General Winfield Scott lead an army of 10,000 men inland from Vera Cruz. Mexico’s military dictator, General Santa Anna moved his 12,000 man army to defend the mountain pass of Cerro Gordo. US Forces found the Mexican left side undefended, but Santa Anna was warned of the plan by a deserter. Even through this the US Army cut off Santa Anna’s supply line and he fled. Outcome- US Victory.

8. Country to Statehood

9. Works Cited &quot;Flags of the Republic of Texas.&quot; Son of the South . 21 May 2009 <http://www.sonofthesouth.net/texas/flags-republic-texas.htm>. &quot;Biography of James Polk.&quot; White House . 21 May 2009 < http:// www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/JamesPolk / >. &quot;Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.&quot; Texas A&M University . 21 May 2009 < http:// www.tamu.edu/ccbn/dewitt/santaanna.htm >. &quot;Images of the U.S.-Mexican War - Prints and Illustrations.&quot; Descendants of Mexican War Veterans . 21 May 2009 <http://www.dmwv.org/mexwar/mwart/prints.htm>. &quot;The U.S.-Mexican War . War (1846-1848) . Battles of the War Overview |.&quot; PBS . 22 May 2009 <http://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/war/battles_of_the_war_overview.html>. &quot;Summer Trip to Texas.&quot; Northern State University:: Aberdeen, SD . 29 May 2009 <http://www.northern.edu/schaff/texas.html>.