2. Project Life CycleProject Life Cycle
1. Planning
2. Scope
the project
3. Gather requirements
and analyze
4. Design a
solution
5. Build the
solution
6. Test the
solution
7. Implement
the solution
Initiation
Project
Life
Cycle
4. Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?
How has the Role of the BA changed?How has the Role of the BA changed?
Why has the Role of the BA changed?Why has the Role of the BA changed?
What are the Essential Skills of a BusinessWhat are the Essential Skills of a Business
Analyst?Analyst?
Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?
ConclusionConclusion
EEMERGINGMERGING RROLEOLE
OF THEOF THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
5. A Business Analyst is a person who acts as a
liaison between business people who have a
business problem and technology people who
know how to create automated solutions.
WWHAT IS AHAT IS A BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST??
ITBusiness
6. WWorkork pperformed by Aerformed by A BABA
Analyzing business needsAnalyzing business needs
Gathering business requirementsGathering business requirements
Analyzing and Refining requirementsAnalyzing and Refining requirements
Documenting requirementsDocumenting requirements
Communicating requirementsCommunicating requirements
Assisting with implementation ofAssisting with implementation of
requirementsrequirements
7. Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?
How has the Role of the BA changed?How has the Role of the BA changed?
Why has the Role of the BA changed?Why has the Role of the BA changed?
What are the Essential Skills of a Business Analyst?What are the Essential Skills of a Business Analyst?
Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?
ConclusionConclusion
EEMERGINGMERGING RROLEOLE
OF THEOF THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
8. Mainframe – 1970sMainframe – 1970s
Centralized, shared softwareCentralized, shared software
and dataand data
PC – 1980sPC – 1980s
Individual softwareIndividual software
applicationsapplications
Decentralized dataDecentralized data
Client/server – 1990sClient/server – 1990s
Interfaces from PC toInterfaces from PC to
mainframes and serversmainframes and servers
Significant coordinationSignificant coordination
required between componentsrequired between components
Web applications – 2000sWeb applications – 2000s
Centralized, shared softwareCentralized, shared software
and dataand data
Customizable accessCustomizable access
Inter/Intran
et
HHowow SSoftwareoftware DDevelopment hasevelopment has
CChangedhanged
9. In 1980’s emphasis on structuredIn 1980’s emphasis on structured
methodologies and CASE toolsmethodologies and CASE tools
Role primarily staffed from ITRole primarily staffed from IT
In 1990’s Quality Initiatives (CMMI, ISOIn 1990’s Quality Initiatives (CMMI, ISO
9000, Six Sigma) required focus on9000, Six Sigma) required focus on
standards and documentationstandards and documentation
Shift of role to Business Area ExpertShift of role to Business Area Expert
HHOW HAS THEOW HAS THE RROLE OF THEOLE OF THE
BA CBA CHANGEDHANGED??
10. In 2000’s emphasis on eCommerce andIn 2000’s emphasis on eCommerce and
Object Oriented DevelopmentObject Oriented Development
Emphasis on:Emphasis on:
Shorter timelines and lower costShorter timelines and lower cost
Rigorous techniquesRigorous techniques
New methodologiesNew methodologies
HHOW HAS THEOW HAS THE RROLE OF THEOLE OF THE BABA
CCHANGEDHANGED?? (CONT.)(CONT.)
11. Today, the Business Analyst’s roleToday, the Business Analyst’s role
continues to grow and requires:continues to grow and requires:
Excellent communication skillsExcellent communication skills
Thorough understanding of businessThorough understanding of business
Standards and MethodologyStandards and Methodology
Tools and ModelingTools and Modeling
Emphasis on verification and validationEmphasis on verification and validation
HHOW HAS THEOW HAS THE RROLE OF THEOLE OF THE BABA
CCHANGEDHANGED?? (CONT.)(CONT.)
12. Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?
How has the Role of the BA changed?How has the Role of the BA changed?
Why has the Role of the BA changed?Why has the Role of the BA changed?
What are the Essential Skills of a Business Analyst?What are the Essential Skills of a Business Analyst?
Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?
ConclusionConclusion
EEMERGINGMERGING RROLEOLE
OF THEOF THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
13. WWHYHY RROLE HASOLE HAS CCHANGEDHANGED
Industry TrendsIndustry Trends
IT Under FireIT Under Fire
Quality InitiativesQuality Initiatives
OutsourcingOutsourcing
14. IINDUSTRYNDUSTRY TTRENDSRENDS
66% of software projects are not66% of software projects are not
expected to finish on time and on budgetexpected to finish on time and on budget
Completed projects had only 52% ofCompleted projects had only 52% of
proposed functionalityproposed functionality
82% of projects had time overruns82% of projects had time overruns
Average cost overrun – 43% over budgetAverage cost overrun – 43% over budget
Source 2003 Standish ChroniclesSource 2003 Standish Chronicles
16. IT UIT UNDERNDER FFIREIRE
72% of CIO’s surveyed by CIO Magazine72% of CIO’s surveyed by CIO Magazine
said their Number One Priority is tosaid their Number One Priority is to improveimprove
the customer relationship.the customer relationship.
Only 10% of CIO’s surveyed said thatOnly 10% of CIO’s surveyed said that
technical proficiency is an important skill totechnical proficiency is an important skill to
be successful. The most important personalbe successful. The most important personal
skills:skills:
Communication – 70%Communication – 70%
Understanding the Business – 58%Understanding the Business – 58%
18. CMMICMMI
Developed by Software Engineering InstituteDeveloped by Software Engineering Institute
of Carnegie Mellon Universityof Carnegie Mellon University
A scale for assessing the degree of built-inA scale for assessing the degree of built-in
documentation and discipline in a process,documentation and discipline in a process,
from level 1, with no formal process, to Levelfrom level 1, with no formal process, to Level
5, with a continuous, rigorous and self-5, with a continuous, rigorous and self-
improving processimproving process
www.sei.cmu.edu/cmmiwww.sei.cmu.edu/cmmi
QQUALITYUALITY IINITIATIVESNITIATIVES – (– (CONT.CONT.))
19. ISO 9000ISO 9000
Developed by International OrganizationDeveloped by International Organization
for Standardizationfor Standardization
A series of performance and qualityA series of performance and quality
management system standards formanagement system standards for
industrial organizationsindustrial organizations
www.iso.chwww.iso.ch
QQUALITYUALITY IINITIATIVESNITIATIVES – (– (CONT.CONT.))
20. Six SigmaSix Sigma
Developed by Motorola EngineersDeveloped by Motorola Engineers
Literally refers to the reduction of errors toLiterally refers to the reduction of errors to
six standard deviations from the meansix standard deviations from the mean
www.motorola.com/motorolauniversitywww.motorola.com/motorolauniversity
QQUALITYUALITY IINITIATIVESNITIATIVES – (– (CONT.CONT.))
21. Obtaining goods or services by contract fromObtaining goods or services by contract from
an outside sourcean outside source
Ideally this source can provide the service orIdeally this source can provide the service or
good for far less cost and at higher qualitygood for far less cost and at higher quality
McKinsey study estimates 58 cents costMcKinsey study estimates 58 cents cost
reduction per dollar in IT sectorreduction per dollar in IT sector
Most SW development companies in IndiaMost SW development companies in India
are at CMM Level 5are at CMM Level 5
OOUTSOURCINGUTSOURCING
22. One result: American programmers areOne result: American programmers are
becoming BAs.becoming BAs.
Business Week, March 2004, suggests that the role of aBusiness Week, March 2004, suggests that the role of a
Business Analyst is a “relatively safe haven” for programmersBusiness Analyst is a “relatively safe haven” for programmers
IF…IF…
……they have communication skillsthey have communication skills
AND a grip on businessAND a grip on business
Another result: Detailing requirements is ofAnother result: Detailing requirements is of
paramount importance.paramount importance.
Moving away from “captive” IT departmentsMoving away from “captive” IT departments
Moving toward geographically-separated business and IT unitsMoving toward geographically-separated business and IT units
““Over-the-wall” is commonplaceOver-the-wall” is commonplace
OOUTSOURCINGUTSOURCING – (– (CONT.CONT.))
23. Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?
How has the Role of the BA changed?How has the Role of the BA changed?
Why has the Role of the BA changed?Why has the Role of the BA changed?
What are the Essential Skills of aWhat are the Essential Skills of a
Business Analyst?Business Analyst?
Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?
ConclusionConclusion
EEMERGINGMERGING RROLEOLE
OF THEOF THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
24. EESSENTIALSSENTIAL SSKILLS FOR THEKILLS FOR THE
BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
ELICIT EXCELLENT
REQUIREMENTS
TECHNICAL
AWARENESS
CUSTOMER DRIVEN
SCOPE DEFINITION and
CHANGE MGMT
METHODOLOGY
PRACTICES
DOCUMENT
REQUIREMENTS
BUSINESS PROCESS
RE-ENGINEERING
VERIFICATION
& VALIDATION
ANALYTICAL SKILLS
COMMUNICATION
ELICIT EXCELLENT
REQUIREMENTS
TECHNICAL
AWARENESS
CUSTOMER DRIVEN
SCOPE DEFINITION and
CHANGE MGMT
METHODOLOGY
PRACTICES
DOCUMENT
REQUIREMENTS
BUSINESS PROCESS
RE-ENGINEERING
VERIFICATION
& VALIDATION
ANALYTICAL SKILLS
COMMUNICATION
25. Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?
How has the Role of the BA changed?How has the Role of the BA changed?
Why has the Role of the BA changed?Why has the Role of the BA changed?
What are the Essential Skills of a BusinessWhat are the Essential Skills of a Business
Analyst?Analyst?
Why is the Business Analyst a KeyWhy is the Business Analyst a Key
Role?Role?
ConclusionConclusion
EEMERGINGMERGING RROLEOLE
OF THEOF THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
27. The BA holds a Unique Role:The BA holds a Unique Role:
Enterprise-wide awarenessEnterprise-wide awareness
Understanding of the business problem orUnderstanding of the business problem or
opportunityopportunity
High level and detailed project knowledgeHigh level and detailed project knowledge
Business Analyst toolkitBusiness Analyst toolkit
WWHY IS THEHY IS THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYST ANALYST A
KKEYEY RROLEOLE?? (CONT.)(CONT.)
28. IIBAIIBA
IInternationalnternational IInstitute fornstitute for BBusinessusiness AAnalysisnalysis
http://www.iiba.comhttp://www.iiba.com
IIBA Definition of Business Analysis:IIBA Definition of Business Analysis:
Business Analysts are responsible for identifying business needs.Business Analysts are responsible for identifying business needs.
The Business Analyst is responsible for requirementsThe Business Analyst is responsible for requirements
development and requirements management.development and requirements management.
The Business Analyst is a key facilitator within an organization,The Business Analyst is a key facilitator within an organization,
acting as a bridge between the client, stakeholders and theacting as a bridge between the client, stakeholders and the
solution team.solution team.
Business analysis is distinct from financial analysis, projectBusiness analysis is distinct from financial analysis, project
management, quality assurance, organizational development,management, quality assurance, organizational development,
testing, training and documentation developmenttesting, training and documentation development..
29. Now more than ever, IndustryNow more than ever, Industry
Emphasis on:Emphasis on:
Scope Definition and ChangeScope Definition and Change
ManagementManagement
Requirements Gathering,Requirements Gathering,
Documenting and ManagementDocumenting and Management
Process Improvement andProcess Improvement and
ReusabilityReusability
Validation and VerificationValidation and Verification
WWHY IS THEHY IS THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYST ANALYST A
KKEYEY RROLEOLE?? (CONT.)(CONT.)
30. Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?Introduction: What is a Business Analyst?
How has the Role of the BA changed?How has the Role of the BA changed?
Why has the Role of the BA changed?Why has the Role of the BA changed?
What are the Essential Skills of a BusinessWhat are the Essential Skills of a Business
Analyst?Analyst?
Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?Why is the Business Analyst a Key Role?
ConclusionConclusion
EEMERGINGMERGING RROLEOLE
OF THEOF THE BBUSINESSUSINESS AANALYSTNALYST
31. Must be an outstanding communicatorMust be an outstanding communicator
Must understand the SDLCMust understand the SDLC
Must enjoy very detailed research and recordingMust enjoy very detailed research and recording
Must be skilled at organizing and managing largeMust be skilled at organizing and managing large
amounts of information in various formsamounts of information in various forms
Must be customer-focusedMust be customer-focused
Must be flexibleMust be flexible
Must come prepared with a toolkit of techniques toMust come prepared with a toolkit of techniques to
elicit excellent requirementselicit excellent requirements
WWHOHO MMAKES AAKES A GGREATREAT BBUSINESSUSINESS
AANALYSTNALYST??
32. What is a Business Analyst?What is a Business Analyst?
IIBA Definition of a Business Analyst:IIBA Definition of a Business Analyst:
Business Analysts are responsible for identifying business needs.Business Analysts are responsible for identifying business needs.
The Business Analyst is responsible for requirements development andThe Business Analyst is responsible for requirements development and
requirements management. Specifically, the Business Analyst elicits,requirements management. Specifically, the Business Analyst elicits,
analyzes, validates and documents business, organizational and/oranalyzes, validates and documents business, organizational and/or
operational requirements. Solutions are not predetermined by theoperational requirements. Solutions are not predetermined by the
Business Analyst, but are driven solely by the requirements of theBusiness Analyst, but are driven solely by the requirements of the
business. Solutions often include a systems development component, butbusiness. Solutions often include a systems development component, but
may also consist of process improvement or organizational change.may also consist of process improvement or organizational change.
The Business Analyst is a key facilitator within an organization, acting as aThe Business Analyst is a key facilitator within an organization, acting as a
bridge between the client, stakeholders and the solution team.bridge between the client, stakeholders and the solution team.
Business Analysis is distinct from financial analysis, project management,Business Analysis is distinct from financial analysis, project management,
quality assurance, organizational development, testing, training andquality assurance, organizational development, testing, training and
documentation development.documentation development.
International Institute for Business AnalysisInternational Institute for Business Analysis
http://www.iiba.comhttp://www.iiba.com
33. Thank You AllThank You All
Following E-mail ID has been created withFollowing E-mail ID has been created with
an intention of having a repository of filesan intention of having a repository of files
related with Business Analysisrelated with Business Analysis
justin.amtexsystems@gmail.comjustin.amtexsystems@gmail.com
Password - businessanalysisPassword - businessanalysis
1] Interview questions for Business Analysts1] Interview questions for Business Analysts
2] Body of Knowledge – Business Analysis2] Body of Knowledge – Business Analysis
and more …………….and more …………….
