This document provides an introduction to Society 5.0, the fourth industrial revolution, and related technologies such as artificial intelligence. It discusses how these concepts and technologies are impacting research and information professions. Society 5.0 is a vision for a new society that balances economic advancement with addressing social problems through highly integrating cyber and physical spaces. It is linked to concepts like the UN's sustainable development goals. The fourth industrial revolution involves new technologies like AI, robotics, and IoT that are transforming many industries and aspects of modern life. The document discusses various AI technologies and their applications. It also outlines some of the impacts these technologies are having on fields like research and libraries/information professions.

1. Society 5.0 – an
introduction
Humanity & Technology in harmony
Dr Heila Pienaar

2. HUMANITY & TECHNOLOGY
IMPACT ON RESEARCH
AND
IMPACT ON INFORMATION
PROFESSIONS
FOURTH INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION (4IR/Industry 4.0)
INCLUDING
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
AND ASSOCIATED
TECHNOLOGIES

3. IT is a means to an end:
it helps you to achieve
what you want.

4. SOCIETY 5.0
 In anticipation of global trends, the 5th Science and
Technology Basic Plan, adopted by the Japanese Cabinet in
January 2016, presented Society 5.0 as a core concept.
https://www.hitachi.com/rev/archive/2017/r2017_0
 One definition: "A human-centered society that balances
economic advancement with the resolution of social
problems by a system that highly integrates cyberspace
and physical space."
It follows the hunting society (Society 1.0), agricultural
society (Society 2.0), industrial society (Society 3.0), and
information society (Society 4.0).

6. Relationship with other big ideas
 4IR: In 2019, Society 5.0 was acknowledged by the World Economic Forum, and it
was stated that “…As for the problems to solve, Society 5.0 aims to answer both the
future economic and societal challenges faced by humanity at its present and future
stage, by using all the advances of Industry 4.0”.
 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG): In 2019, Nakamura Michiharu, senior
advisor to the Japan Science and Technology Agency, linked the vision of Society 5.0
with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
https://www.up.ac.za/news/post_2953210-society-5.0-offers-the-possibility-of-affordable-accessible-education-for-all-up-expert

8. 4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (4IR)
 According to Professor Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World
Economic Forum and author of The Fourth Industrial Revolution (2016), the new age
is differentiated by the speed of technological breakthroughs, the pervasiveness
of scope and the tremendous impact of new (integrated) systems
 The First Industrial Revolution, in the 18th and 19th centuries, involved a change from
mostly agrarian societies to greater industrialization as a consequence of the steam
engine and other technological developments.
 The next technological age, the Second Industrial Revolution was driven by electricity
and involved expansion of industries and mass production as well as technological
advances.
 The Third Industrial Revolution, sometimes called the digital revolution, involved the
development of computers and IT (information technology) since the middle of the
20th century. https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/fourth-industrial-revolution

9. 4IR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
It’s the collective force behind many products and
services that are fast becoming indispensable to
modern life:
Think GPS systems that suggest the fastest route to a
destination,
voice-activated virtual assistants such as Apple’s Siri,
personalized Netflix and Kindle recommendations,
and Facebook’s ability to recognize your face and tag you
in a friend’s photo.
https://www.salesforce.com/blog/what-is-the-
fourth-industrial-revolution-4ir/

10. AI PLUS – specific technologies of 4IR
include, but are not limited to:
• artificial intelligence
• Internet of Things (IoT/AIoT)
• Robotics
• AI chatbots>GenAI
• virtual reality
• mobile devices
• 3D printing
• smart sensors
• big data/analytics
• augmented reality (AR)
• data visualization
• cognitive computing
• location detection
• customer profiling
• blockchain
• quantum computing
• cloud computing
• biotechnology
• machine learning
• deep learning
https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/fourth-industrial-revolution

12. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TYPES
https://images.app.goo.gl/cEkL1vYZ4Cdy1pFS9

13. INTERNET OF THINGS

16. ROBOTICS

17. LIBBY THE UP-LIBRARY ROBOT

18. UP’s smWoef and Stevie

19. AI Chatbots: ChatGPT from OpenAI
Made available to the
public by OpenAI for
free in November
2022. A million
users the first day;
today many millions.
Available as an app
for Android and
Apple. Text, voice
and image prompts
can be used.

20. 11 Things you can do with ChatGPT
 Quickly write a customised
cv / resume and cover letter
 Create original jokes
 Explain complex topics
 Get relationship advice
 Write music in almost any
genre
 Write, debug and explain
code
 Create content in multiple
languages
 Prepare for a job interview
 Write essays on almost any
topic
 A chat companion
makeuseof.com/things-you-
can-do-with-chatgpt/

21. Total hysterics:
many schools and
universities
banning the use
of ChatGPT

22. AI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform
the way we learn, work, and live. In education, AI has
the potential to provide new opportunities for learning
and assessment. :
• AI is here to stay, and educators need to learn to use it in their
teaching methods.
• AI is not error-free and can be biased based on the language model it
was trained on, which may have a Euro or American-centric perspective.
• The goal of using AI in teaching should be about augmenting current
processes rather than completely overhauling them.
• It's important to educate students on how to use AI
tools ethically and correctly, by expecting them to use
it, changing the way questions are asked, and
incorporating AI tools into the classroom.

23. Delivers an
answer plus
references.
Making use
of ChatGPT-4

24. MS is also planning to
integrate ChatGPT-4 / Bing
abilities into its MS
productivity tools, i.e.,
Word, PowerPoint, Excel.
(The verge, January 9, 20
23). Available September 26
2023 as part of the latest
update of Windows 11
(https://blogs.Microsoft.com/blog/202
3/09/21/announcing-Microsoft-copilot-
your-everyday-ai-companion/ )

26. Anthropic is
responsible for the
ai chatbot Claude2

27. What next? Open
Innovation!

28. What is AutoGPT?
AutoGPT is an open-source application that interfaces with GPT-4 and GPT-3.5, which
are ChatGPT language models. But ChatGPT requires specific, human-written prompts;
prompts; AutoGPT does not. Given a higher-level goal, AutoGPT self-generates the
necessary prompts to reach the goal. The application then works through those
prompts one by one. As needed, AutoGPT will connect to and control other
applications -- including your web browser. It can also store data in short- and long-
term memory for processing later. This type of software is known as AI Agents, and
some see this development as the possible beginning of General AI.
Two capabilities make AutoGPT buzzworthy and slightly creepy:
*It can plan the steps required to achieve a goal.
*It can learn and improve on its own results. https://www.fool.com/terms/a/autogpt/

29. Where do Large Language Models
(LLMs) get their data?
A large language model (LLM) is a deep learning algorithm
that can perform a variety of natural language processing
(NLP) tasks. Large language models use transformer
models and are trained using massive datasets — hence,
large.
LLMs are currently trained on a massive trove of articles,
Wikipedia entries, books, internet-based resources (for
example, Social Media) and other input to produce human-
like responses to natural language queries.
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) e.g., ChatGPT,
Bard, Claude 2, Midjourney, are all based on specific /
different LLMs.

30. WEF Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2023
 Flexible batteries
 Generative artificial intelligence
 Sustainable aviation fuel
 Designer phages
 Metaverse for mental health
 Wearable plant sensors
 Spatial omics
 Flexible neural electronics
 Sustainable computing
 AI-facilitated healthcare
Authors: World Economic Forum
and Frontiers Science News
Published: 26 June 2023
Available to download from the
Internet

31. Chat break

32. Barbazzeni, B., Friebe, M .16 July 2021. Digital
Scientist 2035-An Outlook on Innovation and
Education. Frontiers in Computer Science.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2021.710972
IMPACT ON RESEARCH

33. Primary Research Group Inc. has published the Survey of US
Higher Education Faculty Use of ChatGPT in Scholarly
Applications, 2023
Some of the findings:
• Only 1.2% of faculty are using ChatGPT for data analysis or data
cleanup.
• Faculty age 40-49 are the most common users of ChatGPT to assist
with grant and proposal writing.
• More than 53% of faculty in earth and environmental sciences have a
free ChatGPT account.

34. IMPACT ON INFORMATION PROFESSIONS
Cox, A.M. Research report: The impact of AI, machine
learning, automation and robotics on the information
professions. May 2021. cilip.org.uk
Poole, N. CILIP response to Research report: The impact of
AI, machine learning, automation and robotics on the
information professions. May 2021.
Cox, A.M., Mazumdar,S. Defining Artificial Intelligence for
Librarians. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science.
2022. https://eprints/whiterose.ac.za.uk/193263/

35. Some findings
 These technologies are not coming, they are already here.
 This transformation is impacting at every point in the supply-chain of
knowledge and information.
 As ethical information professionals we have a vital role to play in
democratising AI plus, rather than deepening the digital divide.
 These technologies are impacting first on high-value, high-volume
tasks, but are quickly developing to address lower-value, more
repetitive tasks.
 In the process they will remove the need for existing jobs, but also
create new roles for information professionals comfortable with the
technologies.
 There is an urgent need to expand on the existing digital skills and
confidence of the knowledge and information workforce to take on new
roles.

36. Impacts and implications
 The transformation of search and knowledge retrieval
 New AI interfaces to existing knowledge systems
 New techniques for analysing and extracting knowledge from
content
 New approaches to systematic reviews
 New tools for interacting with information users
 Approaches based on influencing user behaviour
 Automation of routine administrative tasks
 Developing services in ‘smart’ spaces
 Automated management of physical book stock and materials

37. Recommendations
 Leaders in information services and libraries need to create organisational
structures within which experiment is possible and within which individual
learning is supported and encouraged. (the creative and innovative university
library)
 Information services and libraries should actively engage with AI to explore
the potential benefit to users. (and their own products and services)
 Knowledge should be actively shared across the wider profession. (Open
Innovation)
 There is a need for both short courses (e.g., CPD) and more in-depth
training in relevant AI applications.
 More research is needed on the adoption of AI, the organisational structures
that support it and on the impact of AI on information, knowledge management
and library roles.

38. Primary Research Group Inc. has published the Survey of
Data Librarians’ use of Emerging AI Applications, July 2023
Some of the findings:
• In the entire sample, 17.24% of academic data librarians have used
Bard in managing or procuring data.
• Male respondents were considerably more likely than female ones to
use for data visualisation.
• Respondents from the smallest colleges were the most likely to use
AI for data cleanup.

39. Primary Research Group Inc. has published the Survey of
Academic Library Leadership, Impact of ChatGPT & Bard on
Information Literacy Instruction, May 2023
Some of the findings:
• More than 63% of respondents believe that ChatGPT and
other artificial intelligence programs will have a significant or
dramatic impact on information literacy training.
• 26% of respondents from public colleges in the sample
have already developed a LibGuide on use of ChatGPT.
• Female respondents were much likelier than males to feel
that demand for information about ChatGPT and similar
programs was low, very low or extremely low.

40. Primary Research Group Inc. has published the Survey of Use
of Bard, Bing & ChatGPT for Academic Library Cataloging,
August 2023
Some of the findings:
• For automatic subject heading assignment, 11.54% of the total
sample reported usage, with no significant differences across
demographic or institutional characteristics.
• Survey participants from the smallest colleges were more likely than
those from larger ones to report high productivity increases resulting from
AI use in cataloging.
• Half of all survey respondents report using ChatGPT in cataloging
functions.

41. IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations) has
developed a strong focus on AI
Artificial Intelligence Special Interest
Group
IFLA statement on Libraries and Artificial
Intelligence

42. Happiness index based on social
media big data and algorithm
 The index makes use of natural language processing (machine
learning methods) of live tweets and applies a balancing
algorithm
 Developed by Prof Greyling from UJ and Dr Rossouw from
Auckland, New Zealand
https://www.news24.com/news2
4/southarfricanews/news/happi
ness-index-shows-south-africans-
are-furious-about-load-shedding-
and-it-could-lead-to protests-
20220921

43. Question?
If all the routine roles and tasks are
taken over by AI what will your role be?
If the more advanced roles and tasks are
taken over by AI what will your role be?