Eight Hundred English Slang Phrases with Russian Explanation Larisa School of...Bill Green
Our book of English slang was created to help others better understand popular informal expressions in English. Remember that the English language is made up of many parts. Literal, phrasal, idiomatic and slang are just a few important elements. Learning phrases and slang have a few rules. First; forget what you know about the literal definition of words used in slang expressions. Slang expressions take on a whole new meaning and stand alone. Second; often a slang expression will have a literal equivalent. While this can be generally true, often, there is no literal equivalent. Third; speakers of English will often use a variety of statements to express what they would like to say. This might include a statement using a literal word followed by a slang expression or just the opposite.
Slang expressions used in everyday English are often based on regions, professions, age groups, trending topics in the news, movies and more. Slang expressions can come and go. They very often have multiple meanings. Using slang in the proper context is extremely important to avoid misunderstandings. American slang tends to change with the times and fashion. British slang tends to be based on old English with the addition of American trending culture. Remember that slang along with collocations, phrasal expressions and literal definitions can take on a completely different meaning when comparing British English with North American English. North American English is used by more speakers of English around the world. British English has it’s roots from the distant past and is generally more formal than North American English.
Have fun with English Grammar Slang Book. We hope you find it interesting and useful while helping you learn to communicate in perfect English.
Eight Hundred English Slang Phrases with Russian Explanation Larisa School of...Larisa English
Our book of English slang was created to help others better understand popular informal expressions in English. Remember that the English language is made up of many parts. Literal, phrasal, idiomatic and slang are just a few important elements. Learning phrases and slang have a few rules. First; forget what you know about the literal definition of words used in slang expressions. Slang expressions take on a whole new meaning and stand alone. Second; often a slang expression will have a literal equivalent. While this can be generally true, often, there is no literal equivalent. Third; speakers of English will often use a variety of statements to express what they would like to say. This might include a statement using a literal word followed by a slang expression or just the opposite.
Slang expressions used in everyday English are often based on regions, professions, age groups, trending topics in the news, movies and more. Slang expressions can come and go. They very often have multiple meanings. Using slang in the proper context is extremely important to avoid misunderstandings. American slang tends to change with the times and fashion. British slang tends to be based on old English with the addition of American trending culture. Remember that slang along with collocations, phrasal expressions and literal definitions can take on a completely different meaning when comparing British English with North American English. North American English is used by more speakers of English around the world. British English has it’s roots from the distant past and is generally more formal than North American English.
Have fun with English Grammar Slang Book. We hope you find it interesting and useful while helping you learn to communicate in perfect English.
Eight Hundred English Slang Phrases with Russian Explanation Larisa School of...Bill Green
Our book of English slang was created to help others better understand popular informal expressions in English. Remember that the English language is made up of many parts. Literal, phrasal, idiomatic and slang are just a few important elements. Learning phrases and slang have a few rules. First; forget what you know about the literal definition of words used in slang expressions. Slang expressions take on a whole new meaning and stand alone. Second; often a slang expression will have a literal equivalent. While this can be generally true, often, there is no literal equivalent. Third; speakers of English will often use a variety of statements to express what they would like to say. This might include a statement using a literal word followed by a slang expression or just the opposite.
Slang expressions used in everyday English are often based on regions, professions, age groups, trending topics in the news, movies and more. Slang expressions can come and go. They very often have multiple meanings. Using slang in the proper context is extremely important to avoid misunderstandings. American slang tends to change with the times and fashion. British slang tends to be based on old English with the addition of American trending culture. Remember that slang along with collocations, phrasal expressions and literal definitions can take on a completely different meaning when comparing British English with North American English. North American English is used by more speakers of English around the world. British English has it’s roots from the distant past and is generally more formal than North American English.
Have fun with English Grammar Slang Book. We hope you find it interesting and useful while helping you learn to communicate in perfect English.
Eight Hundred English Slang Phrases with Russian Explanation Larisa School of...Larisa English
Our book of English slang was created to help others better understand popular informal expressions in English. Remember that the English language is made up of many parts. Literal, phrasal, idiomatic and slang are just a few important elements. Learning phrases and slang have a few rules. First; forget what you know about the literal definition of words used in slang expressions. Slang expressions take on a whole new meaning and stand alone. Second; often a slang expression will have a literal equivalent. While this can be generally true, often, there is no literal equivalent. Third; speakers of English will often use a variety of statements to express what they would like to say. This might include a statement using a literal word followed by a slang expression or just the opposite.
Slang expressions used in everyday English are often based on regions, professions, age groups, trending topics in the news, movies and more. Slang expressions can come and go. They very often have multiple meanings. Using slang in the proper context is extremely important to avoid misunderstandings. American slang tends to change with the times and fashion. British slang tends to be based on old English with the addition of American trending culture. Remember that slang along with collocations, phrasal expressions and literal definitions can take on a completely different meaning when comparing British English with North American English. North American English is used by more speakers of English around the world. British English has it’s roots from the distant past and is generally more formal than North American English.
Have fun with English Grammar Slang Book. We hope you find it interesting and useful while helping you learn to communicate in perfect English.
1. САМООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
78 СЕКРЕТАРЬ-РЕФЕРЕНТ / № 8 АВГУСТ / 2015
TERMS/СЛОВА
BRITISH ENGLISH AMERICAN ENGLISH BRITISH ENGLISH AMERICAN ENGLISH
Enquiry = questions Inquiry Number plate License plate
Inquiry = investigation Inquiry Opencast mining Open-pit mining
Car Automobile Ordinary share Common stock
Expiry Expiration Petrol Gas
Financial year Fiscal year Positive discrimination Reverse discrimination
First floor and ground Second floor and first floor Power point Electrical outlet
Flexitime Flextime Railway Railroad
Flyover Overpass Share option Stock option
Pavement Sidewalk State school Public school
Gearing (finance) Leverage Public school Private school
Hire purchase Installment plan Transport Transportation
Housing estate Housing development Trade union Labour union
Lift Elevator Verge (of a road) Shoulder
Mobile phone Cell phone Wagon (on a train) Car
SOME OF THE MOST COMMON SPECIFIC TERMS THAT DIFFER AND SOME PUNCTUATION DISTINCTIONS /
НЕКОТОРЫЕ НАИБОЛЕЕ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННЫЕ ПРИМЕРЫ ОТЛИЧИЙ В СЛОВАХ И ПУНКТУАЦИИ
As you, probably, know though we speak
English language, there is a difference
between British English and American
one. I found this out when my computer
for unknown to me reasons marked some
English words as «wrong» in spelling and
grammar, even though I’ve been pretty
sure that everything is fine. I suppose that
sometimes you saw this as well during,
for example, Word document preparation.
This is because, in my case, the
Word application is set up as
«American» one, and if you type
some words in British style – voila! –
it is already underlined in red.
In this case I decided to stop
a little bit on difference.
Here we go.
К.А. Маслова,
персональный ассистент главы филиала
UK vs US
Как многие из вас, возможно, знают, хотя
мы и говорим на английском языке, но существует
разница между британским английским
и американским английским. Я обнаружила это, когда
мой ноутбук без видимых причин отмечал в тексте
некоторые английские слова как «неправильные»
с точки зрения грамматики и правописания, хотя
я была абсолютно уверена, что все корректно. Полагаю,
что многие из вас также сталкивались с подобной
проблемой, например при составлении текста в Word.
В моем случае это происходило потому, что
приложение было настроено на использование
и проверку Американской «версии» английского, и как
только вы начинаете печатать в формате Британского
языка – вуаля! – слово уже подчеркнуто красным.
Давайте немного подробнее поговорим о разнице
между британским и американским английским.
Итак.
2. СЕКРЕТАРЬ-РЕФЕРЕНТ / № 8 АВГУСТ / 2015 79
САМООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
SPELLING/ПРАВОПИСАНИЕ
Verbs spelt -ise or -yse at the end in British English are spelt with -ize or -yze at the end in American / Глаголы, оканчива-
ющиеся на -ise или -yse в британском английском, в американском оканчиваются на -ize или -yze
Finalise, minimise, authorise, analyse
1 exception only / исключение: capsize
Finalize, minimize, authorize, analyze
Verbal nouns from such verbs spelt with «s» / Глагольные формы существительных в британском английском пишутся
с «s», в американском – с «z»
Liberalisation, privatisation, organisation Liberalization, privatization, organization
Speak, so I can see you / Заговори, чтобы я тебя увидел
Socrates / Сократ
PUNCTUATION/ПУНКТУАЦИЯ
British English American English
Предложения с прямой речью
The difference in between British English and American one for quoted speech – the final comma or full stop outside
the closing brackets unless the sentence is complete in itself.
Разница при использовании прямой речи в американском и британском английском – в постановке кавычек
после или перед прямой речью.
The CEO actually said: «The final report was very
illuminating»
«The final report was very illuminating», the CEO said
Сокращения
for word «street» / слова «улица»
St. (to distinguish it from St for Saint / чтобы отличить
от St («cвятой»)
Str.
Обращения
Mr, Mrs, Sr Associate, Dr Mr., Mrs., Sr. Associate, Dr.
University degrees / Университетские степени
BA, BSc, MA, PhD B.A., B.S., M.A., Ph.D.
DATES/ДАТЫ
British English American English
5 February 2015
05 February 2015
05.02.2015
05/02/2015
February 5, 2015
February 05, 2015
02.05.2015
02/05/2015
DATES AND SPELLING / ДАТЫ И ПРАВОПИСАНИЕ
3. САМООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
80 СЕКРЕТАРЬ-РЕФЕРЕНТ / № 8 АВГУСТ / 2015
Besides mentioned above, there are, still, a lot of
differences in between languages. It doesn’t mean that
we should know all of them. We live in a world of globalization,
when languages become universal tool for communication.
We learn to talk to people and the main thing – is to talk
properly. Of course, if you write a letter, for example,
to someone who lives in UK, it’s great if you can write it in UK
manner, let’s put it this way. But if not, don’t worry and
don’t forget that it’s more important not to make mistakes.
It shows the respect to whom you talk and finally to yourself
as well.
Good luck!
Помимо изложенного выше, разумеется, существуют
и другие отличия в языках. И это не значит, что надо знать
их все. Мы живем в век глобализации, когда язык ста-
новится универсальным средством общения. Мы учим-
ся говорить с людьми и главное тут – говорить правиль-
но. Конечно, если вы пишете письмо кому-то, кто живет
в Англии, здорово, если вы сможете учесть нюансы
английской лексики. Но если нет, то не стоит расстраи-
ваться. Ведь намного важнее не делать ошибок. Грамот-
ные письмо и речь – это проявление уважения не только
к собеседнику, но и к самому себе.
Удачи!
British English words that end in -re often end in -er in American English / В британском английском слова с окончани-
ем -re очень часто заканчиваются на -er в американском
Centre, fibre, litre, theatre
Take special care with the word metre: metre, centimetre,
gas meter
Center, fiber, liter, theater
Take special care with the word meter: meter, centimetre,
gas meter
British English words ending in -our usually end in -or in American English / В британском английском слова с оконча-
нием -our часто заканчиваются на -or в американском
Colour, flavour, humour, labour, neighbour Color, flavor, humor, labor, neighbor
In British spelling an «l» may be doubled when it is not in American or vice versa. Unfortunately, there is no rule that covers
all such situations / В британском правописании буква «l» может быть двойная «ll», а в американском одна, и наобо-
рот. К сожалению, как таковых правил для таких ситуаций нет, поэтому вариантов слов существует масса
Instalment, to install, fulfilment, to fulfil
Installing, fulfilling, travelling,
wilfully
Installment, to install, fulfillment, to fulfill
Installing, fulfilling, but traveling
willfully
British English words that are spelled with the double vowels «ae» or «oe» are spelt with just an e in American English /
В британском английском слова, произносящиеся со звуками «ae» или «oe», произносятся с одной «e» в американ-
ском:
Encyclopaedia (pl. encylopaediae), manouevre Encyclopedia (pl. encyclopedias), maneuver
Some nouns that end with -ence in British English are spelled -ense in American English / Некоторые существительные
с окончанием -ence в британской версии пишутся с -ense в американской:
Defence, licence, offence, pretence Defense, license, offense, pretense
Some nouns that end with -ogue in British English end with either -og or -ogue in American English / Некоторые суще-
ствительные с окончанием -ogue в британском английском оканчиваются на -og или -ogue в американском:
Analogue, catalogue, dialogue Analogue or analog, catalogue or catalog, dialogue or dialog
Special case / Особый случай
Different from, to, than:
Different from is correct
Different to – commonly used but INCORRECT / обычно
используется, но это НЕПРАВИЛЬНО
Different than
The verbs to license and to practise: reversed use of «s» and «c» / Глаголы to license and to practise: использование букв
«s» и «c»:
To license, licensing, licensed but a licence
To practise, practising, practised but a practice
To licence, licencing, licenced but a license
To practice, practicing, practiced but a practise