This is the code of shellsortvoid Shellsort( ElementType A[ ], int.pdf
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This is the code of shellsort void Shellsort( ElementType A[ ], int N ) { int i, j, Increment; ElementType Tmp; for( Increment = N/2; Increment > 0; Increment /= 2 ) for( i = Increment; i < N; i++ ) { Tmp=A[i]; for(j=i;j>=Increment; j -= Increment ) if(Tmp Solution This is the code of shellsort void Shellsort( ElementType A[ ], int N ) { int i, j, Increment; ElementType Tmp; for( Increment = N/2; Increment > 0; Increment /= 2 ) for( i = Increment; i < N; i++ ) { Tmp=A[i]; for(j=i;j>=Increment; j -= Increment ) if(Tmp.
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![This is the code of shellsort
void Shellsort( ElementType A[ ], int N )
{
int i, j, Increment; ElementType Tmp;
for( Increment = N/2; Increment > 0; Increment /= 2 )
for( i = Increment; i < N; i++ )
{
Tmp=A[i];
for(j=i;j>=Increment; j -= Increment )
if(Tmp
Solution
This is the code of shellsort
void Shellsort( ElementType A[ ], int N )
{
int i, j, Increment; ElementType Tmp;
for( Increment = N/2; Increment > 0; Increment /= 2 )
for( i = Increment; i < N; i++ )
{
Tmp=A[i];
for(j=i;j>=Increment; j -= Increment )
if(Tmp](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/thisisthecodeofshellsortvoidshellsortelementtypeaint-230410020027-95211d28/85/This-is-the-code-of-shellsortvoid-Shellsort-ElementType-A-int-pdf-1-320.jpg)
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Hence if n is odd, (n-1)/2 edges will connect all the vertices
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If possible let G has a cycle of length more than n/2
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cycle path, the path can visit each vertex exactly once except start point
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Answer
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Answer
1. Benefits of separating header files from the cpp files are:
a. reusability, as header files are most commonly used files included in the cpp files, they are
inclusively used for almost all the functions. To avoid mentioning them again and again in each
and every files in a project they are separated from all the cpp files and are clubed together in a
single header file which is used during the execution of the project and and is linked with the
other cpp files during the runtime.
b. compilation becomes faster, as linking will be needed only once unlike each time for each cpp
file
c. organized code, header file acts similar to book index and helps you to locate specific function
d. helps in separating interface from implementation
2.
It\'s not that a programmer should minimize the use of #include in header file, they need to be
careful while using #include in the header file and always use them within the #ifnotdefined and
#ifnotdefinedend block in order to avoid clash and error of multiple inclusion.
3.
include guard... guard against multiple incidental includes
it is needed to prevent multiple inclusion error
4.
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f)can be monodentate
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b) can be polydentate
c) can be Lewis base
d) can be neutral
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(a)
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/* now recur on right subtree of root*/
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}
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(b)
T(n) = T(k) + T(n – k – 1) + c
Where k is the number of nodes on one side of root and n-k-1 on the other side.
Let’s do analysis of boundary conditions
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Similarly puting value of T(n-3) in equation 2
T(n) = 3T(0) + T(n-3) + 3c
Similarly
T(n) = 4T(0) + T(n-4) + 4c
T(n) = (n-1)T(0) + T(1) + (n-1)c
T(n) = nT(0)-T(0) + (n)c-c
Value of T(0) will be some constant say d.
T(n)= n(d+c)-(c+d)
T(n)=(n-1)(c+d)
T(n) = Theta of n
Case 2: Both left and right subtrees have equal number of nodes.
T(n) = 2T(n/2) + c
which clearly shows T(n)= theta(n)
(c)
void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) //Exit case if Tree is empty
return;
/*print left subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.left); //recursive calling
/* print data of root because in Inorder root is printed in middle */
System.out.println(root.value ); //recursive calling
/* now recur on right subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.right); //recursive calling
}
(d)
void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) //Exit case if Tree is empty
return;
/*print left subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.left); //recursive calling
/* now recur on right subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.right); //recursive calling
/* print data of root because in postorder root is printed in last */
System.out.println(root.value ); //recursive calling
}
Solution
(a)
PreOrder, PostOrder and Inorder are three ways you can iterate a binary tree. The way these
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Pre Order: root is printed first then lefy child and in last right child.
Given: TreeNode is class which have data part, left child and right child.
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Recursive algorithm of Preorder traversal
(A)void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
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G is Hamiltonian graph.
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If possible let G has a cycle of length more than n/2
Recall the definition A Hamiltonian cycle, Hamiltonian circuit, vertex tour or graph cycle is a
cycle that visits each vertex exactly once (except for the vertex that is both the start and end,
which is visited twice). A graph that contains a Hamiltonian cycle is called a Hamiltonian graph
Consider the cycle path which has length more than n/2.
We know each edge connects two vertices. And as the graph is hamilton and we have taken a
cycle path, the path can visit each vertex exactly once except start point
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Thus proved
Solution
G is Hamiltonian graph.
Hence a path exists which visits each vertex exactly once.
If possible let G has a cycle of length more than n/2
Recall the definition A Hamiltonian cycle, Hamiltonian circuit, vertex tour or graph cycle is a
cycle that visits each vertex exactly once (except for the vertex that is both the start and end,
which is visited twice). A graph that contains a Hamiltonian cycle is called a Hamiltonian graph
Consider the cycle path which has length more than n/2.
We know each edge connects two vertices. And as the graph is hamilton and we have taken a
cycle path, the path can visit each vertex exactly once except start point
Hence if n is odd, (n-1)/2 edges will connect all the vertices
Or if n is even n/2-1 edges will connect all the vertices.
Hence cycle can not have length more than n/2
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Enumerable: A set is one whose members can be enumerated is called enumerable, or countable.
There are arranged in a single list with a first entry, a second entry, and so on, so that every
member of
the set appears sooner or later on the list.
Examples: the set P of positive integers is enumerated by the list.
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Examples: the set P of positive integers is enumerated by the list.
If a member of a list is appeared in the list, it is absolutely correct.
The only requirement is that member should atleast showed up once. We don\'t care if the list is
redundant. we only need is that list must be complete.
if the list is redundant, we can thin out it to get a irredundant list. If the list has gaps it is also
correct because one could go out and fill them. The only requiremnt is that every element in the
set that is enumerated be associated with some positive number, and not that every positive
member of the set associated with it..
C.There is some evidence against H0, and a study using a larger samp.pdf
C.There is some evidence against H0, and a study using a larger sample size may be worthwhile.
Solution
C.There is some evidence against H0, and a study using a larger sample size may be worthwhile..
Bohr orbits have fixed sizes and fixed energiesSolutionBohr or.pdf
Bohr orbits have fixed sizes and fixed energies
Solution
Bohr orbits have fixed sizes and fixed energies.
c) At high altitudes the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as well .pdf
c) At high altitudes the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as well as oxygen is low. It increases
the body\'s ventilation in enabling the body to take up more oxygen and blowing off large
amounts of carbon dioxide. The plasma bicarbonate concentration (or we can say dissolved
carbon dioxide concentration) keeps on dropping and then reaches a stable lower position
d) This specific condition is called hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in which in presence of
low oxygen levels, the respective alveoli detecting these levels get constricted so that the blood
in them gets squeezed out and gets re-distributed to other alveolar regions where the oxygen
concentration might be higher. This is an adaptive mechanism and it reduces the amount of blood
that goes through the lungs without being oxygenated.
c) Two major factors contribute to pulmonary edema which are hypoxic pulmonary
vasoconstriction and elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The pressure in the artery forces the
plasma/water into the constricted alveoli cells and causes edema. The chances for this increases
at higher altitudes due to persistent hypoxic conditions in the alveoli leading to their constriction.
3. a) Asthmatics have an increased smooth muscle tone during the attacks. The suffering patients
are able to breathe in easily but breathing out completely is not possible due to muscular spasms
in the lungs. This traps a lot of gas in the lungs and is also aided by mucuous production.
Resultingly the residual volume of the lungs gets increased as it is not expelled out. Another
change is the reduction in inspiratory volume in asthama patients as there is already some gas
present in the lungs.
Solution
c) At high altitudes the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as well as oxygen is low. It increases
the body\'s ventilation in enabling the body to take up more oxygen and blowing off large
amounts of carbon dioxide. The plasma bicarbonate concentration (or we can say dissolved
carbon dioxide concentration) keeps on dropping and then reaches a stable lower position
d) This specific condition is called hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in which in presence of
low oxygen levels, the respective alveoli detecting these levels get constricted so that the blood
in them gets squeezed out and gets re-distributed to other alveolar regions where the oxygen
concentration might be higher. This is an adaptive mechanism and it reduces the amount of blood
that goes through the lungs without being oxygenated.
c) Two major factors contribute to pulmonary edema which are hypoxic pulmonary
vasoconstriction and elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The pressure in the artery forces the
plasma/water into the constricted alveoli cells and causes edema. The chances for this increases
at higher altitudes due to persistent hypoxic conditions in the alveoli leading to their constriction.
3. a) Asthmatics have an increased smooth muscle tone during the attacks. The suffering patients
are able to breathe in easily but.
AnswerFrogs have a pair of large eyes in the head which help in e.pdf
Answer:
Frogs have a pair of large eyes in the head which help in excellent night vision and depth
perception.
They not have outer ears instead it has a pair of eardrums called tympanum which is the hearing
organ.
frog uses his two nostrils to smell odours, while in water it uses a second type of olfactory organ
called Jacobson’s organ which aids in detecting chemicals in the water.
frogs produce sounds by a small sac in their throats that vibrates the air as they slowly let it out.
Solution
Answer:
Frogs have a pair of large eyes in the head which help in excellent night vision and depth
perception.
They not have outer ears instead it has a pair of eardrums called tympanum which is the hearing
organ.
frog uses his two nostrils to smell odours, while in water it uses a second type of olfactory organ
called Jacobson’s organ which aids in detecting chemicals in the water.
frogs produce sounds by a small sac in their throats that vibrates the air as they slowly let it out..
Answer1. Benefits of separating header files from the cpp files ar.pdf
Answer
1. Benefits of separating header files from the cpp files are:
a. reusability, as header files are most commonly used files included in the cpp files, they are
inclusively used for almost all the functions. To avoid mentioning them again and again in each
and every files in a project they are separated from all the cpp files and are clubed together in a
single header file which is used during the execution of the project and and is linked with the
other cpp files during the runtime.
b. compilation becomes faster, as linking will be needed only once unlike each time for each cpp
file
c. organized code, header file acts similar to book index and helps you to locate specific function
d. helps in separating interface from implementation
2.
It\'s not that a programmer should minimize the use of #include in header file, they need to be
careful while using #include in the header file and always use them within the #ifnotdefined and
#ifnotdefinedend block in order to avoid clash and error of multiple inclusion.
3.
include guard... guard against multiple incidental includes
it is needed to prevent multiple inclusion error
4.
const is the keyword for making any value/element constant.
Example:
const int a = 5;
const int *p;
etc.
Solution
Answer
1. Benefits of separating header files from the cpp files are:
a. reusability, as header files are most commonly used files included in the cpp files, they are
inclusively used for almost all the functions. To avoid mentioning them again and again in each
and every files in a project they are separated from all the cpp files and are clubed together in a
single header file which is used during the execution of the project and and is linked with the
other cpp files during the runtime.
b. compilation becomes faster, as linking will be needed only once unlike each time for each cpp
file
c. organized code, header file acts similar to book index and helps you to locate specific function
d. helps in separating interface from implementation
2.
It\'s not that a programmer should minimize the use of #include in header file, they need to be
careful while using #include in the header file and always use them within the #ifnotdefined and
#ifnotdefinedend block in order to avoid clash and error of multiple inclusion.
3.
include guard... guard against multiple incidental includes
it is needed to prevent multiple inclusion error
4.
const is the keyword for making any value/element constant.
Example:
const int a = 5;
const int *p;
etc..
a) can be anionic b) can be polydentate c) can be Lewis base d.pdf
a) can be anionic
b) can be polydentate
c) can be Lewis base
d) can be neutral
e)must contain a lone pair of e-
f)can be monodentate
g)can contain more than one donar atom
Solution
a) can be anionic
b) can be polydentate
c) can be Lewis base
d) can be neutral
e)must contain a lone pair of e-
f)can be monodentate
g)can contain more than one donar atom.
7Solution7.pdf
The document provides a single percentage, 7%, without any additional context or explanation. It also includes the word "Solution" but does not elaborate on what problem or issue the 7% refers to solving. The limited information does not allow for a multi-sentence summary.
A base must contain OH in its chemical formul.pdf
A base must contain \"OH\" in its chemical formula. A base would increase the
concentration of H3O+ when it is dissolved in water
Solution
A base must contain \"OH\" in its chemical formula. A base would increase the
concentration of H3O+ when it is dissolved in water.
(a)PreOrder, PostOrder and Inorder are three ways you can iterate .pdf
(a)
PreOrder, PostOrder and Inorder are three ways you can iterate a binary tree. The way these
three are different is in order of root,left child and right child.
Pre Order: root is printed first then lefy child and in last right child.
Given: TreeNode is class which have data part, left child and right child.
TreeNode root is root element of binary tree
Recursive algorithm of Preorder traversal
(A)void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) //Exit case if Tree is empty
return;
/* first print data of root because in preorder root is printed first */
System.out.println(root.value ); //recursive calling
/* then recur on left subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.left); //recursive calling
/* now recur on right subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.right); //recursive calling
}
Explanation: Here first we check If tree is exist or not. If exist we print root of tree and then
move to left part of current node and apply same process again untill left part is completed. After
that move to right sub tree and do same process again.
(b)
T(n) = T(k) + T(n – k – 1) + c
Where k is the number of nodes on one side of root and n-k-1 on the other side.
Let’s do analysis of boundary conditions
Case 1:left subtree is empty then all the n-1 nodes present in right part only. SO k=0
T(n) = T(0) + T(n-1) + c -(1)
Putting value of T(n-1) in equation 1
T(n) = 2T(0) + T(n-2) + 2c -(2)
Similarly puting value of T(n-3) in equation 2
T(n) = 3T(0) + T(n-3) + 3c
Similarly
T(n) = 4T(0) + T(n-4) + 4c
T(n) = (n-1)T(0) + T(1) + (n-1)c
T(n) = nT(0)-T(0) + (n)c-c
Value of T(0) will be some constant say d.
T(n)= n(d+c)-(c+d)
T(n)=(n-1)(c+d)
T(n) = Theta of n
Case 2: Both left and right subtrees have equal number of nodes.
T(n) = 2T(n/2) + c
which clearly shows T(n)= theta(n)
(c)
void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) //Exit case if Tree is empty
return;
/*print left subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.left); //recursive calling
/* print data of root because in Inorder root is printed in middle */
System.out.println(root.value ); //recursive calling
/* now recur on right subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.right); //recursive calling
}
(d)
void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
if (root == null) //Exit case if Tree is empty
return;
/*print left subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.left); //recursive calling
/* now recur on right subtree of root*/
printPreorder(root.right); //recursive calling
/* print data of root because in postorder root is printed in last */
System.out.println(root.value ); //recursive calling
}
Solution
(a)
PreOrder, PostOrder and Inorder are three ways you can iterate a binary tree. The way these
three are different is in order of root,left child and right child.
Pre Order: root is printed first then lefy child and in last right child.
Given: TreeNode is class which have data part, left child and right child.
TreeNode root is root element of binary tree
Recursive algorithm of Preorder traversal
(A)void printPreorder(TreeNode root)
{
if .
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