conuest of makkah

1. 8th hijrah:20th Ramadan / 630
Made by Abbas
Younus

2. Introduction
⦿
⦿
Thehudaybiyah treaty gaveliberty to thetribes to make
agreementwith eithertheMuslims ortheQuraysh. The tribeof
bani Khuzzah sided with the Muslims ,while bani bakr allied
theQuraysh.
The truceof H udaybiyah had beenin forcefor2years, when
Bani Bakr attacked Bani khuzzah whiletheywereasleep. Bani
khuzzah took shelter in the Kabah, but some of them were
massacred in thesacred ter itory.Quraysh helped bani Bakr
with weapons and some chiefs of Quraysh took part in the
attack undercoverof darkness. Thus qurayshbroketheTruce
of H udaybiyah.

3. Preparations
⦿ When Islam was well established in the
hearts of the Muslims, Allah decided that
the time had come for His
Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam)
and his community to enter Makkah. They
would purify the Ka'bah so that it would be
a blessed place of guidance for the whole
world. They would restore Makkah to its
previous status and the sacred city would
offer security for all people once again.

4. A BROKEN TREAT Y
⦿
INTHE PEACE TREATY OFHUDAYBIYYAHITWAS LAID DOWNTHATANYONEWHOW
ANTED TOENTER INTOA
TREATYANDALLIANCE WITHTHE MESSENGER(SALLALLAHUALAIYHI WASSALLAM) OFALLAH SHOULD
BE ABLE TO DOSO;ANDANYONEWHOWANTEDTOENTER INTOA TREATYANDALLIANCEWITHTHE QURAYSH
SHOULDALSO BE ALLOWEDTODOSO. THE BANUBAKR ENTERED INTOANALLIANCEWITHTHE QURAYSH
WHILETHE BANUKHUZA'AH ENTERED INTOONE WITHTHE MESSENGER(SALLALLAHUALAIYHI
WASSALLAM) OFALLAH.
LONG-STANDINGHOSTILITYEXISTED BETWEEN THE BANUBAKR ANDBANU KHUZA'AH (who were allies of the
muslims but not muslims in total. Thy had long standing feud
THE COMING OF ISLAM HAD PUTA BARRIER BETWEEN THE PEOPLE AS THEY HAD BECOME ENGROSSED IN
ITS AFFAIRS. THE PEACE TREATY ENABLED THE BANU BAKR TO SETTLE AN OLD SCOREAGAINST THE
BANU KHUZA'AH. ONE NIGHT THE BANU BAKR ATTACKED THE BANU KHUZA'AH BY NIGHTWHEN THEY
WERE CAMPED BYA SPRINGANDKILLEDSOMEOFTHEIR MEN. A SKIRMISHDEVELOPED AND THE QURAYSH
HELPED THE BANU BAKR BY PROVIDING WEAPONS.
SOMEQURAYSHLEADERS ALSO FOUGHT WITH THE BANU BAKR SECRETLYBY NIGHT,AND THE KHUZA'AH
WERE DRIVEN INTO THE HARAM. SOME OF THE QURAYSHSAID, |'WE HAVE ENTERED THE HARAM. MIND
YOUR GODS!' OTHERS REPLIED THOUGHTLESSLY, 'THERE IS NOGODTODAY, MEN OF BANU BAKR. TAKE
YOUR REVENGE! YOU MAY NEVER HAVE ANOTHER CHANCE!

5. Treaty b roken
g
g
g
TreTY NOW BROKEN as ally was attacked
Prophet began to prepare but did nto tell anyone not even sahabi
Said seek permission before you elave medinah
He asked shabi to spy on taif (banu makhtum) and saw that 3 fof their lads had
gone ot jordan area to learn how to make catupult to use aginst orpeht..
He then tol the muslims to prepare for battle but not where an with whom
Sarah was a lady who was given a letter ot give to makkan

6. SEEKING HELP
⦿
A mr ibn S a l im a l -K HUZa 'i wenT TO THe
Mes s e nger (s a l l a l l a HU a l a iyHi wa s s a l l a m) o f A l l a H in
Ma Din a H a nD r eCITeD s OMe ver ses TO HIM a bOUT THe a l l ia nCe
beTWeen THe MUs l ims a nD THe K HUZa 'a H. He a s KeD f OR Hel P,
s a ying THa T THe Q UR a ysH Ha D viOl a TeD THe a gr eemenT. His
TRIBe Ha D been a TTa CKeD a T nigHT, He ma inTa ineD, a nD men
Ha D been KIl l eD in r UKU a nD s a j Da H, w Hil e Per f OR MIng
PR a yer s.
Had a long standing allegiance with prophet to his reat
grandfather.
Prophet promised ot helo out
THe Mes s e nger (s a l l a l l a HU a l a iyHi wa s s a l l a m) Of A l l a H a s s UR eD
Him, 'Y OU W Il l be Hel PeD, A mr ibn S a l im!' He THen senT a ma n TO
Ma KKa H TO geT COnfir ma TIOn Of THe a TTa CK a nD TO Of f e r THe
Q UR a ysH THe CHa nCe TO r eDr es s THeir Of f e nCe. THeir r ePl y wa s
imPUl s ive a nD THey ignOReD THe l iKel y COns eq UenCes.

7. THE QURAYSH ATTEMPT TO
RENEW THE TREATY/ abu
sufyan carpet
⦿ When the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah heard their answer
that would not reocmpense for the attack he said, 'I think you will see Abu
Sufyan coming to strengthen the treaty and to ask for more time.'
That happened. The Quraysh were so concerned about what they had done that
they charged Abu Sufyan with the task of getting the treaty ratified. He was the
current leader
Abu Sufyan came to the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah in
Madinah and also went to visit his daughter, Umm Habibah, the wife of the
Prophet. However, when he went to sit on the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi
wassallam) of Allah's carpet, she rolled it up from under him.
Puzzled, he said to her, 'My daughter, I do not know whether you think the carpet
is too good for me or whether I am too good for the carpet.'
She replied, 'This is the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah's
carpet and you are an unclean idol-worshipper. I do not want you to sit on his
carpet.'
'By Allah, ' Abu Sufyan retorted. 'You have been spoiled since you left me.'

8. ABU SUFYAN FAILS
⦿ A
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Abu sufyan later becomes muslims and the ummayad dynastic comes
from him

9. MAKING READY
⦿ The Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of
Allah asked the Muslims to start preparing for an
expedition but heasked themto keep it a
secret. Later he announced that he was going to
Makkah and ordered them to get ready.
He said, 'O Allah! Impede the informers of the
Quraysh so that we can take Makkah by surprise.'
He left Madinah with ten thousand men
in Ramadan 8 A.H. and advanced as far as Marr
az-Zahran where they set up camp. Allah concealed
this informationfrom the Quraysh, so they
waited in uncertainty.

10. A PARDONING
⦿
On the way
, the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah happened to m
e
e
t his cousin,AbuSufyan
ibn al-Harith ibn Abdul-Muttalib. He ignored h
i
mbecause he had sufferedinsults and persecution f
r
o
mAbu
Sufyan. The cousin complained to Ali that he had beenignored. Ali said tohim, 'Go to the
Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah and say tohi
mw
h
a
tthebrotherssaid toY
usuf, "By Allah, Allah
has preferred youtous and w
ewereindeedsinful."(1 2: 91) TheMessenger(sallallahu alaiyhiwassallam) of
Allah never Likes anyonetoshowm
o
r
eme
rcythanhe.
Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith did as 'Ali advised and the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam)ofAllah
replied,'Have nofearthis day
.Allahwillforgiveyou.Heis theMostmercifuloft
hemerciful.
Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith accepted Islam and was know
n for his piety
. He did not raise his head ever
again in front of the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah because he felt so ashamed of his
pastbehaviour
.

11. ABU SUFYAN IBN HARB ACCEPTS
ISLAM
⦿ The Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah was commanding the army and he ordered the
campfires to be lit. Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, who was spying out the ground for the Quraysh, said: 'I have
never seen so many fires or such an army.
Al abbas
Al-Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib had already left Makkah with his wife and children as a Muslim Muhajir
and had joined the Muslim army. He recognised Abu Sufyan's voice and called to him, 'See, the
Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah is here with his army. What a terrible morning the
Quraysh will have!'
He made Abu Sufyan ride on the back of his mule, fearing that if a
Muslim saw him, he would kill him. Hewascoveredupwithaveil.Butumarsawhim
andwantedtokillhim.Butalabbashadgivenprotectionsocouldnottouchhim.
Al-Abbas took him to the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah who said, 'Woe to you, Abu
Sufyan! Has not the time come for you to acknowledge that there is no god but Allah'
Abu Sufyan replied, 'How kind and gentle you are! By Allah, I think that if there had been another god
besides Allah, he would have helped me today.'
'Woe to you, Abu Sufyan! Is it not time that you recognised that I am the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi
wassallam) of Allah!'
Abu Sufyan replied, 'May my father and mother be your ransom! How kind and generous you are! But
by Allah, I still have some doubt as to that.'
Al-Abbas intervened, 'Woe to you, Abu Sufyan! Become a Muslim and testify that there is no god but
Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah before you lose
your head.' Then Abu Sufyan recited the articles of faith and became a Muslim. Propet knew it was not
sincere

12. THE
AMNEST
Y
⦿
The Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah was
generous in granting amnesty to everyone so that no one in
Makkah need be killed that morning. Only those who
courted danger ran any risk of losing their life.
He declared, 'Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is
safe. Whoever locks his door is safe. Whoever enters the
mosque (haram )is safe.' The Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi
wassallam) ofAllah told his army not to use arms against
anyone when they entered Makkah unless they met
opposition or resistance. He directed the army not to touch
property or possessions belonging to the people of Makkah
and nothing should be destroyed .

13. ABU SUFYAN'S INFLUENCE
⦿
THE MESSENGER(SaLLaLLaHU aLaIYHI WassaLLaM)OF ALLaH DECIDED TO DEMONSTRaTE THE
POWER OF ISLaM TO AbU S UFYaN. HE aSKED AbbaS IBN AbDUL-MUTTaLIB TO TaKE AbU S UFYaN
TO WHERE THE MaRCHINGSQUaDRONS WOULD PaSS BY.
THE MUSLIM SQUaDRONS PaSSED BY LIKE a SURGING SEa WITH THE DIFFERENT TRIBES BEaRINGTHEIR
STaNDaRDS. WHENEVER a TRIBE PaSSED BY, AbU S UFYaN WOULD aSK AbbaS abOUT IT aND, WHEN HE
HEaRD THE NaME OF THE TRIBE, HE WOULD MUMBLE GLOOMILY, 'WHaT HaVE I GOT TO DO WITH THEM?'
FINaLLY THE MESSENGER(SaLLaLLaHU aLaIYHI WaSSaLLaM)OF ALLaH PaSSED BY WITH HIS SQUaDRON IN
FULL, GLEaMINGGREEN aRMOUR. IT WaS THE REGIMENT OF THE MUHaJIRUN aND THE ANSaR. ONLY THEIR
EYES WERE VISIBLE BECaUSE OF THEIR aRMOUR.
AbU S UFYaN SaID, 'GLORY BE TO ALLaH! AbbaS, WHO aRE THESE?'
'THIS IS THE MESSENGER(SaLLaLLaHU aLaIYHI WaSSaLLaM)OF ALLaH WITH THE MUHaJIRUN aND ANSaR, '
HE aNSWERED.
'NO ONE HaS aNY POWER OR RESISTaNCE aGaINST THEM, ' SaID AbU S UFYaN. 'BY ALLaH, AbUL-FaDL, THE
aUTHORITY OF YOUR BROTHER'S SON HaS CERTaINLY INCREaSED.'
AbU S UFYaN, 'AbbaS SaID, 'THIS IS NOT a KINGDOM, IT IS PROPHETHOOD.' AbU S UFYaN REPLIED, 'THEN IT IS
WONDERFUL.'
HE STOOD UP aND SHOUTED aT THE TOP OF HIS VOICE, 'O MEN OF THE QURaYSH! THIS IS MUHaMMaD WITH a
FORCE YOU CaNNOT RESIST. HE HaS TEN THOUSaND MEN OF STEEL. HE SaYS THaT WHOEVER ENTERS MY
HOUSE WILL BE SaFE.'
THE MEN SHOUTED BaCK, 'ALLaH SLaY YOU! WHaT GOOD IS YOUR HOUSE TO US?'
AbU S UFYaN aDDED, 'AND WHOEVER LOCKS HIMSELF INDOORS IS SaFE aND WHOEVER ENTERS THE MOSQUE
IS SaFE.' S O THE PEOPLE DISPERSED aND WENT INTO THEIR HOMES OR INTO THE MOSQUE.

14. A HUMBLE VICTORY
⦿ On the morning of Friday, 20 Ramadan, 8 A.H., the
Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah entered
Makkah with his head bowed. When he realised the honour of
the conquest Allah had bestowed. upon him, he felt so humble
before Allah that his chin almost touched the back of his camel.
He was reciting Surat al-Fath as he rode into Makkah in victory.
He raised the standard of justice, equality, and humility. Behind
him rode Usamah ibn Zayd, the son of his freed slave, rather
than any sons of the Banu Hashim or of the Quraysh leaders,
even though they were present.
One man, trembling with awe on the Day of the Conquest, was
told, 'Be at ease. Do not be afraid. I am not a king. I am only the
son of a woman of the Quraysh who used to eat meat dried in
the sun.'

15. MERCY NOT SLAUGHTER
⦿ When Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah in the squadron of the Ansar passed by
Abu Sufyan he called out, 'Today is a day of slaughter. Today
there is no more sanctuary. Today Allah has humbled the Quraysh.'
When the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah's
squadron came near Abu Sufyan, he complained;, 'Messenger of
Allah, did you not hear what Sa'd said?'
'What was that!' said the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of
Allah, and Abu Sufyan repeated what Sa'd had called out.
The Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah disliked Sa'd's
comments and replied, 'Today is a day of mercy and forgiveness
when Allah will exalt the Quraysh and raise honour for the Ka'bah.'
He then sent for Sa'd, took the standard from him and gave it to
his son Qays. This meant that the standard did not really leave
Sa'd because it only went to his son. But Abu Sufyan was satisfied
and Sa'd was not too upset.

16. PURIFYING THE HARAM
⦿ The Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah
got down from his camel when everything had
calmed down. He went to the Ka'bah first and
performed tawaf. Around the Ka'bah were three
hundred and sixty idols. With a stick he was carrying
he began to push them over, saying, 'The truth has
come and falsehood has vanished away. Falsehood is
ever vanishing. (17: 81) 'The truth has come and
falsehood originates not nor brings again.' (34: 49)
The idols collapsed one by one, falling onto their
faces. Pictures and statues were found in the Ka'bah
and the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of
Allah ordered that they should also be destroyed.

17. DAY OF
PIET Y
⦿ H
avingperformedtawaf,theMessenger(saLLaLLahuaLaiyhiwassaLLam) ofALLahcaLLedU
thmaniBnT
aLhah
whohadthekeyof theKa5
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hedoors wereunLockedandhewentin.H
ehadaskedU
thmanfor thekey
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ehadshowntoLeranceBy
answering,U
thman,onedayyouwiLLseethis keyinmyhand.IwiLLthenputitwhereIwish.
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urayshwiLLBedestroyedandhumiLiatedonthatday
.
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5
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saidtheMessenger(saLLaLLahuaLaiyhiwassaLLam) ofALLah,5
Rather itwiLLBeadayof prosperityand
securityfor theQ
uraysh.
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is words madesuchanimpressiononU
thmaniBnT
aLhahthathecametoBeLieve
thepredictionwouLdeventuaLLytakepLace.
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Bah,ALiiBnABiT
aLiB stood
uphoLdingthekeyof theKa5
Bahinhis hand.H
esaidtotheMessenger(saLLaLLahuaLaiyhiwassaLLam) of
ALLah,G
rantus theguardianshipof theKa5
BahaLongwithprovidingwater for thepiLgrims.
5
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heMessenger(saLLaLLahuaLaiyhiwassaLLam) ofALLahasked,5
Whereis U
thmaniBnT
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thmanwas summonedandtheMessenger(saLLaLLahuaLaiyhiwassaLLam) ofALLahsaidtohim,5
H
ereis
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odayis adayof pietyandgoodfaith.Keepitforever as aninheritance.O
nLyatyrant
wouLdtakeitfromyou.
5

18. PAYING HOMAGE IN
ISLAM
⦿ A large crowd gathered in Makkah to accept Islam and to pay homage to the Messenger(
sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) ofAllah. H ereceivedthemon Mount Safa where they took
the oath of allegiance. They promised to obey Allah and H is Messenger(sallallahu
alaiyhi wassallam) to thebest of theirability.
When the men had pledged their faith,the women took the oath, including H ind bint
Utbah, thewifeofAbu Sufyan. She was veiled and triedto disguiseherselfbecause of what
she had done to H amzah, but the Messenger( sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah
recognised herbold talk. 'Forgive whatis past andAllah will forgiveyou, ' she said to him.
My lifeis with you and my deathwill beamong you'
When Allah opened up Makkah to H is Messenger( sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) ,and he
was back in his own homeland and city of birth once more,theAnsar said among
themselves, 'Allah has given him poweroverhis homeland and cityso hewill probablystay
hereand not returntoMadinah.'
The Messenger( sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of Allah asked them what they were talking
about. No one else knew about the conversation. At first they were too shy to tell him but
eventuallytheyconfessed what theyhad said.
H eassured them, 'I seek refugewithAllah!I will livewith you and I will dieamong you.'

19. REMOVING ALL VESTIGES
OF IDOLWORSHIP
⦿ T h e M es s en g er (s a L L a L L a h u a L a iy h i w a s s a L L a m)
o f A L L a h s en t g r o u p s o f h is Co mp a n io n s t o
d e s t r o y t h e id o L s s t a n d in g r o u n d t h e K a 5
B a h .
A L L o f t h e id o L s w er e B r o k en in c L u d in g a L -L a t , a
L -Uz z a ,a n d M a n a t .He s en t a c r ier t o
a n n o u n c e in M a k k a h , 5
Wh o ev er B eL iev es in A L L a h
a n d t h e L a s t D a y s h o u L d d e s t r o y a n y id o L in h is
h o u s e.5He a L s o s en t r ep r es en t a t iv es t o t h e
s u r r o u n d in g t r iB es t eL L in g t h em t o d es t r o y
t h eir id o L s .
Th en t h e M es s en g er (s a L L a L L a h u a L a iy h i
w a s s a L L a m)o f A L L a h a s s emb L ed t h e M u s L ims in M
a k k a h a n d d ec L a r ed t h a t t h e c it y w o u L d B e a
s a n c t u a r y f o r ev er .He s a id ,5
It is n o t L a w f u L f o r
a n y o n e w h o B eL iev es in A L L a h a n d t h e
Her ea f t er t o s p iL L B L o o d in t h e c it y n o r t o c u t d
o w n a t r ee.It w a s n o t L a w f u L f o r a n y o n e
B ef o r e me n o r s h a L L it B e L a w f u L f o r a n y o n ea f t
er me.5Th e M es s en g er (s a L L a L L a h u a L a iy h i
w a s s a L L a m)o f A L L a h t h en r et u r n ed t o M a d in a h
.

20. OUTCOME OF THE
CONQUEST OF
MAKKAH
⦿ The conquest of Makkah had a tremendous
impact on the Arabs. It showed that Islam was
the religion of Allah and paved the way for the
whole of Arabia to accept the faith. From far
and wide people came to pay their respects to
the Messenger(sallallahu alaiyhi wassallam) of
Allah and to accept Islam at his hands. Allah
spoke the truth:
When comes the help of Allah and victory and
you see people entering the religion of Allah in
throngs

21. Additional info
⦿
⦿
The Abbasid period key, made of iron and measuring 37 cm long,
sold at Sotheby's in London for more than 18 times its pre-sale
estimate and was bought anonymously. It is the only known
example to remain in private hands.It was sold for 9.2 million
pounds
The key, one of the ultimate symbols of religious power, is
engraved with the words: "This is what was made for the Holy
House of God during the time of our lord the Imam son of Imam al-
Muqtadi Abu Ja'far al-Mustansir Abu'l-Abbas 573."