The document discusses the Little Ice Age that occurred from the 14th to 17th centuries in Europe. It had less severe effects than the last ice age but still reshaped the world. The Little Ice Age was likely caused by decreased solar radiation leading to global cooling. Evidence from tree rings and lake sediments has helped scientists study past climate changes. One study found that a decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide during this period may have been triggered by the Black Death plague in Europe in the 14th century, as populations declined and land use changed.