The document summarizes a hash sorter implementation for the BTeV Level 1 trigger system. It discusses how the hash sorter:
1) Logically stores data items like triplets into bins based on a key value like slope to group similar items.
2) Allows matching in one memory access by sorting internal and external triplet data before matching.
3) Was implemented in FPGA firmware to accelerate the triplet matching needed for the trigger. Testing showed hash sorting reduced matching time substantially.
This very short document appears to be testing the addition of a slide. It contains the words "testing" and "Slide added" but no other context or content.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck, a tool for making slideshows. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation and sharing it on SlideShare. In just one sentence, it pitches the idea of using Haiku Deck to easily create engaging slideshows.
El documento describe una provocación del ejército en Necaxa. Dos convoyes del ejército rasgaron mantas con mensajes de resistencia. Permanecieron 40 minutos realizando esta acción frente a lugareños. Más tarde recorrieron las calles lentamente, causando indignación. Los trabajadores alertaron a la comunidad sobre un posible despliegue de fuerzas para reprimir la resistencia, como ocurrió recientemente en Cananea. Responsabilizaron a Calderón y Lozano de cualquier acto de violencia.
El documento describe la historia y desarrollo de la teoría atómica. Explica que Demócrito propuso por primera vez la idea de que la materia está compuesta de átomos indivisibles en el siglo V a.C., aunque la teoría no fue ampliamente aceptada hasta el siglo XIX cuando Dalton propuso que cada elemento químico está compuesto de un solo tipo de átomo. Más tarde, experimentos mostraron que los átomos están compuestos internamente de partículas subatómicas como protones, neutrones y electrones
Ullrich Krause's 'rebellion against the system' in the novel Heißer Sommer is examined for its success and lack thereof. Krause participates in student protests following the death of Benno Ohnesorg in 1967, joins demonstrations and memorial topplings in 1968, and adopts stereotypical behaviors of the time like buying an army parka. However, his rebellion is argued to be superficial and not change the system, as he later becomes a teacher as he had planned, showing his rebellion did not succeed in the long run.
Este documento apresenta gráficos de aproveitamento de estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio da Escola Estadual Arcelino Francisco do Nascimento nos anos de 2013. Os gráficos mostram as porcentagens de alunos aprovados e reprovados nos 1o e 2o bimestres do ensino fundamental, variando entre 65-96% de aprovação e 4-35% de reprovação. Nos anos iniciais do ensino médio, as taxas de aprovação ficaram entre 60-80% e reprovação entre 20-40%.
This very short document appears to be testing the addition of a slide. It contains the words "testing" and "Slide added" but no other context or content.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck, a tool for making slideshows. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation and sharing it on SlideShare. In just one sentence, it pitches the idea of using Haiku Deck to easily create engaging slideshows.
El documento describe una provocación del ejército en Necaxa. Dos convoyes del ejército rasgaron mantas con mensajes de resistencia. Permanecieron 40 minutos realizando esta acción frente a lugareños. Más tarde recorrieron las calles lentamente, causando indignación. Los trabajadores alertaron a la comunidad sobre un posible despliegue de fuerzas para reprimir la resistencia, como ocurrió recientemente en Cananea. Responsabilizaron a Calderón y Lozano de cualquier acto de violencia.
El documento describe la historia y desarrollo de la teoría atómica. Explica que Demócrito propuso por primera vez la idea de que la materia está compuesta de átomos indivisibles en el siglo V a.C., aunque la teoría no fue ampliamente aceptada hasta el siglo XIX cuando Dalton propuso que cada elemento químico está compuesto de un solo tipo de átomo. Más tarde, experimentos mostraron que los átomos están compuestos internamente de partículas subatómicas como protones, neutrones y electrones
Ullrich Krause's 'rebellion against the system' in the novel Heißer Sommer is examined for its success and lack thereof. Krause participates in student protests following the death of Benno Ohnesorg in 1967, joins demonstrations and memorial topplings in 1968, and adopts stereotypical behaviors of the time like buying an army parka. However, his rebellion is argued to be superficial and not change the system, as he later becomes a teacher as he had planned, showing his rebellion did not succeed in the long run.
Este documento apresenta gráficos de aproveitamento de estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio da Escola Estadual Arcelino Francisco do Nascimento nos anos de 2013. Os gráficos mostram as porcentagens de alunos aprovados e reprovados nos 1o e 2o bimestres do ensino fundamental, variando entre 65-96% de aprovação e 4-35% de reprovação. Nos anos iniciais do ensino médio, as taxas de aprovação ficaram entre 60-80% e reprovação entre 20-40%.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly using design templates and formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia functions and building spreadsheets and graphs to add life to slides. While PowerPoint can be fun to use, it is primarily a tool to design presentations and convey information visually, with the ability to draw or import graphics and charts. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to take advantage of its presentation design capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly using design templates and formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia functions and building spreadsheets and graphs to add life to slides. While PowerPoint can be fun to use, it is primarily a tool to demonstrate information through visual aids and data visualization. The presentation suggests that learning PowerPoint takes effort but provides many benefits for organizing and sharing knowledge.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
This document discusses the capabilities of Microsoft PowerPoint and encourages learning to use its features. It notes that PowerPoint allows for quick creation of effective presentations using design templates and formatting options. Multimedia functions can also add visual interest to slides. While framing PowerPoint as a fun program to use, the document emphasizes that it enables building spreadsheets, graphs, and importing graphics, and suggests the reader start using it themselves.
This document discusses the capabilities of Microsoft PowerPoint and encourages learning to use its features. It notes that PowerPoint allows for quick creation of effective presentations using design templates and formatting options. Multimedia functions can also add visual interest to slides. While highlighting PowerPoint's power and creativity tools, the document concludes by urging the reader to start using the program.
This document discusses the capabilities of Microsoft PowerPoint and encourages learning how to use its features. It notes that PowerPoint allows for quick creation of effective presentations through design templates and formatting options. Additional features like multimedia functions and importing graphics can add visual interest. While framing PowerPoint as potentially fun to learn, the document's main point is that PowerPoint offers powerful tools for building spreadsheets, graphs, and other business applications beyond basic slide creation.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly using design templates and formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia functions and building spreadsheets and graphs to add life to slides. While PowerPoint can be fun to use, it is primarily a tool to design presentations and convey information visually, with the ability to draw or import graphics and charts. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to take advantage of its presentation design capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly using design templates and formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia functions and building spreadsheets and graphs to add life to slides. While PowerPoint can be fun to use, it is primarily a tool to demonstrate information through visual aids and data visualization. The presentation suggests that learning PowerPoint takes effort but provides many benefits for organizing and sharing knowledge.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
PowerPoint offers powerful options to create effective presentations quickly through design templates and extensive formatting options that enhance creativity. It allows adding multimedia elements and building spreadsheets and graphs to engage audiences. While fun, PowerPoint is also a serious tool for presenting information visually through imported graphics, charts showing regional data trends, and hand-drawn images. The document encourages getting started with PowerPoint to experience its full capabilities.
This document discusses the capabilities of Microsoft PowerPoint and encourages learning to use its features. It notes that PowerPoint allows for quick creation of effective presentations using design templates and formatting options. Multimedia functions can also add visual interest to slides. While framing PowerPoint as a fun program to use, the document emphasizes that it enables building spreadsheets, graphs, and importing graphics, and suggests the reader start using it themselves.
This document discusses the capabilities of Microsoft PowerPoint and encourages learning to use its features. It notes that PowerPoint allows for quick creation of effective presentations using design templates and formatting options. Multimedia functions can also add visual interest to slides. While highlighting PowerPoint's power and creativity tools, the document concludes by urging the reader to start using the program.
This document discusses the capabilities of Microsoft PowerPoint and encourages learning how to use its features. It notes that PowerPoint allows for quick creation of effective presentations through design templates and formatting options. Additional features like multimedia functions and importing graphics can add visual interest. While framing PowerPoint as potentially fun to learn, the document's main point is that PowerPoint offers powerful tools for building spreadsheets, graphs, and other business applications beyond basic slide creation.
1. Hash Sorter - Firmware Implementation and an Application for the Fermilab BTeV
Level 1 Trigger System
J. Wu, M. Wang, E. Gottschalk, G. Cancelo and V. Pavlicek,
Fermilab, Oct. 2003
Hash Sorting for Triplet Matching Acceleration
Hash Sorter
The slopes of matching triplets
• Hash sorter logically stores data items (e.g. triplets) into must be approximately equal.
bins derived from a key value (e.g. slope of the triplets).
• Each bin represents a range of the key value. External Triplets Without hash
• Each writing or reading takes one memory access (one sorting, all O(n2)
clock cycle in FPGA implementation). combinations
Triplet Matching must be checked.
Without Hash Sorting
Data Items Internal
Triplets
Hash sorted
Data Items 2000000
Hash sorted External Triplets 1500000
seg_match
seg_match_hash
according to their slopes 1000000
total
Hash Sorter 500000
Triplet Matching 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Hash sorting ~ With Hash Sorting N umb er o f Int er ac t i o n/B eam C ro s s i ng
histogram booking
Hash sorted Internal Triplets Timing Results
+ saving ID’s of the data items.
according to their slopes
With hash sorting, only these
combinations need to be checked.
2. Firmware Implementation of Hash Sorter BTeV Level 1 Pixel Trigger
External Triplets
Internal Triplets
• Internal and external triplets are first
found by the FPGA segment finders.
DIN DOUT
• Triplets data are sent through the switch.
• The nodes of the track/vertex farm match 30 station pixel detector
DATA
RAM
the internal and external triplets to form
tracks for further trigger processes.
FPGA segment finders
BEGIN
COUNT
END The HashBlk Block Switch: sort by crossing number
(+ DATA RAM) track/vertex farm
(~2500 processors)
Index Pointer
RAM RAM
Merge
Trigger decision to
Global Level 1
DSP0 Buffer Manager
InBuff
HashBlk
DSP1
HashBlk
DxBin
DSP3 DSP2
S4STEPS DSPSEL HashBlk Pre-prototype of the
HashBlk Track/Vertex Farm Node
• Triplet data are hash sorted in the
DSP Buffer Manager parasitically.
Silicon Usage: 1% 4 x 1% • The hash sorted data are sent to the
DSP daughter cards.
DSP
Hash Sorter Added to Existing • DSP’s match the internal and external
Buffer Manger (xc2v1000) triplets faster with hash sorted data.
3. BTeV Si Pixel Detector and Its Level 1 Detached Vertex Trigger
B-meson
p p
b
Tracks Detached from Simulated B Event
the Primary Vertex
CZero
BTeV
14,080 pixels (128 rows x 110 cols) sensor module
50 µm Multichip module
1 cm
400 µm
Si pixel sensors 5 cm 128 rows x
22 columns
5 FPIX ROC’s
Fermilab 10 cm
Wire bonds HDI flex circuit
Sensor module
6 cm
Si-Pixel Detector 380,160 pixels
per half-station
total of 23Million pixels Pixel detector half-station
in the full pixel detector Bump bonds
Readout module