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Stepwise interpretation #9
A 49-year-old man presented to the emergency department with 1 hour of severe anterior chest pain. An ECG showed normal sinus rhythm at 84 beats per minute with no signs of right or left atrial enlargement and a normal QRS axis and duration. The ECG revealed marked ST elevation in leads V1-V4, consistent with an antero-septal injury pattern diagnostic of an acute antero-septal myocardial infarction.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID108
A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sinus rhythm and second-degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz type I), where two P waves are conducted with progressive PR prolongation and the third P wave is blocked, resulting in a ventricular rate of 59 beats per minute. An electrocardiogram found sinus rhythm with Mobitz I second-degree AV block and a normal axis, QRS duration, and ST segment and T waves, with a final diagnosis of sinus rhythm with Mobitz I second-degree AV block and a ventricular rate of 58 beats per minute, with no other abnormalities.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID108
A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sinus rhythm and second-degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz type I), as evidenced by 2 P waves conducting with progressive PR prolongation and the third P wave being blocked, resulting in a ventricular rate of 59 beats per minute. Further analysis showed normal QRS axis, duration, and morphology with no signs of ventricular hypertrophy or infarction. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with Mobitz I second-degree AV block and a ventricular rate of 58 beats per minute, with no other abnormalities.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #12 no Dx ID111
A 56-year-old man presented with an episode of syncope. An ECG showed sinus rhythm with complete heart block, where the atrial rate was 80/min and ventricular rate was 43/min. The dissociation between the P waves and QRS complexes indicated complete heart block. The narrow QRS complexes and normal axis suggested the escape pacemaker was in the AV junction, resulting in an escape junctional rhythm controlling the ventricles. The ECG was otherwise normal.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID383
The document summarizes the electrocardiogram of a 76-year-old woman seen in her family doctor's office. It finds she has atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular rate of 66 beats per minute. Her QRS complexes are normal in axis and duration without signs of bundle branch blocks. There is no evidence of ventricular hypertrophy or signs of a prior myocardial infarction as the ST segments and T waves are normal. The final diagnosis is atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular rate of 66 beats per minute and no other abnormalities.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID122
A 50-year-old man presented with palpitations. An ECG identified atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute. The ECG showed typical flutter waves and normal QRS complexes without signs of bundle branch block, ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The T waves were normal except in inferior leads and V6 where the saw-tooth pattern of atrial flutter made assessment difficult. The final diagnosis was atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID372
The ECG is of a 62-year-old man with palpitations. It shows sinus rhythm at 83 beats per minute with premature atrial complexes occurring in a pattern of trigeminy. The P waves, QRS complexes, and ST segments and T waves are normal with no signs of conduction abnormalities, hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis is sinus rhythm with atrial premature complexes in a pattern of trigeminy and an otherwise normal ECG.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 70 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block pattern. The QRS axis is normal and the duration is 100 msec. with an rSR' configuration. There are no signs of ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, or abnormal ST segments or T waves. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at 75 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
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Stepwise interpretation #9
A 49-year-old man presented to the emergency department with 1 hour of severe anterior chest pain. An ECG showed normal sinus rhythm at 84 beats per minute with no signs of right or left atrial enlargement and a normal QRS axis and duration. The ECG revealed marked ST elevation in leads V1-V4, consistent with an antero-septal injury pattern diagnostic of an acute antero-septal myocardial infarction.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID108
A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sinus rhythm and second-degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz type I), where two P waves are conducted with progressive PR prolongation and the third P wave is blocked, resulting in a ventricular rate of 59 beats per minute. An electrocardiogram found sinus rhythm with Mobitz I second-degree AV block and a normal axis, QRS duration, and ST segment and T waves, with a final diagnosis of sinus rhythm with Mobitz I second-degree AV block and a ventricular rate of 58 beats per minute, with no other abnormalities.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID108
A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sinus rhythm and second-degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz type I), as evidenced by 2 P waves conducting with progressive PR prolongation and the third P wave being blocked, resulting in a ventricular rate of 59 beats per minute. Further analysis showed normal QRS axis, duration, and morphology with no signs of ventricular hypertrophy or infarction. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with Mobitz I second-degree AV block and a ventricular rate of 58 beats per minute, with no other abnormalities.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #12 no Dx ID111
A 56-year-old man presented with an episode of syncope. An ECG showed sinus rhythm with complete heart block, where the atrial rate was 80/min and ventricular rate was 43/min. The dissociation between the P waves and QRS complexes indicated complete heart block. The narrow QRS complexes and normal axis suggested the escape pacemaker was in the AV junction, resulting in an escape junctional rhythm controlling the ventricles. The ECG was otherwise normal.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID383
The document summarizes the electrocardiogram of a 76-year-old woman seen in her family doctor's office. It finds she has atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular rate of 66 beats per minute. Her QRS complexes are normal in axis and duration without signs of bundle branch blocks. There is no evidence of ventricular hypertrophy or signs of a prior myocardial infarction as the ST segments and T waves are normal. The final diagnosis is atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular rate of 66 beats per minute and no other abnormalities.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID122
A 50-year-old man presented with palpitations. An ECG identified atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute. The ECG showed typical flutter waves and normal QRS complexes without signs of bundle branch block, ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The T waves were normal except in inferior leads and V6 where the saw-tooth pattern of atrial flutter made assessment difficult. The final diagnosis was atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG ID372
The ECG is of a 62-year-old man with palpitations. It shows sinus rhythm at 83 beats per minute with premature atrial complexes occurring in a pattern of trigeminy. The P waves, QRS complexes, and ST segments and T waves are normal with no signs of conduction abnormalities, hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis is sinus rhythm with atrial premature complexes in a pattern of trigeminy and an otherwise normal ECG.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 70 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block pattern. The QRS axis is normal and the duration is 100 msec. with an rSR' configuration. There are no signs of ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, or abnormal ST segments or T waves. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at 75 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #06 no Dx ID168
This document summarizes the stepwise interpretation of an ECG for a 78 year old woman with a heart murmur. It was found that she had sinus rhythm at 77 beats per minute with sinus arrhythmia and first degree AV block. The QRS duration was normal with no signs of bundle branch blocks. There were findings of left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T abnormalities indicating a strain pattern. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with sinus arrhythmia, first degree AV block, and left ventricular hypertrophy with repolarization abnormality.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm originating outside the sinoatrial node at a rate of 75 beats per minute. The P waves have an abnormal axis and precede each QRS complex, indicating the atrial origin. There is also an incomplete right bundle branch block seen by the prolonged QRS duration of 100 milliseconds and rSR' pattern. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 bpm with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #06 no Dx ID168
A 78-year-old woman presented with a heart murmur. The ECG showed sinus rhythm at 77 beats per minute with sinus arrhythmia. There was first-degree AV block seen by a prolonged PR interval of 230 ms. Findings also included left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T abnormalities consistent with left ventricular strain.
Stepwise interpretation - ECG #1
A 53-year-old man received an ECG in the pre-anesthesia clinic. The ECG interpreter found normal sinus rhythm at a rate of 60 beats per minute, with normal P waves, PR interval, QRS axis and duration, and no signs of chamber enlargement, bundle branch blocks, ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis was a completely normal ECG.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
Ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 beats per minute. P waves are clearly seen and negative in several leads, indicating they do not originate from the sinus node but likely a low atrial region. There is also an incomplete right bundle branch block present as shown by a widened QRS duration of 100 milliseconds with an rSR' pattern. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
Stepwise interprearion ECG #10
A 50-year-old man presented with palpitations. An ECG showed atrial flutter with a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute and variable atrioventricular block. The QRS complex was normal in axis and duration with no signs of bundle branch block, ventricular hypertrophy, or prior myocardial infarction. The T waves were normal except in inferior leads and V6 where the saw-tooth pattern of atrial flutter made assessment difficult. The final diagnosis was atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute.
ECG #14 - ID 123 - Atrial Tachycardia
A 67-year-old woman presented with palpitations. An ECG showed a narrow-QRS tachycardia at a rate of 160 beats per minute, with visible P waves preceding each QRS complex. The P waves were negative in leads II, III, aVF and V3-V6, with a PR interval of 140 msec. Based on these characteristics, the patient was diagnosed with atrial tachycardia originating from the atria.
ECG #13 - ID 419 - EAR IRBBB
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm originating from a low atrial region at a rate of 70 beats per minute, as well as an incomplete right bundle branch block. P waves are clearly seen and negative in several leads, with a PR interval of 180ms indicating the rhythm is not junctional. The QRS axis is normal and duration is 100ms with an rSR' pattern consistent with incomplete right bundle branch block. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at 70bpm with incomplete right bundle branch block.
ECG #12 - ID 111 - CHB
This document discusses the stepwise interpretation of an ECG for a patient. It identifies that the patient, a 56-year-old man who had an episode of syncope, has sinus rhythm with complete heart block. The atrial rate is 80/min while the ventricular rate is 43/min, showing dissociation between the two rhythms. The QRS complexes originate from the AV junction at a rate of 43/min, indicating an escape junctional rhythm. The final diagnosis is sinus rhythm with complete heart block and an escape junctional rhythm supplying the ventricles.
ECG #11 - ID 108 - 2nd degree AV block
This document summarizes the ECG findings for a 58-year-old man presenting to the emergency department with 2nd degree AV block, Mobitz type 1. The ECG shows regular sinus rhythm at a rate of 88 beats per minute with intermittent conduction block such that every third P-wave is not followed by a QRS complex, resulting in a ventricular rate of 59 beats per minute. Further analysis of the ECG found normal QRS axis, duration and morphology with no signs of infarction, hypertrophy, or other abnormalities. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with Mobitz type 1 2nd degree AV block and a ventricular rate of 58 beats per minute.
ECG #10 - ID122 - Atrial Flutter
This document describes the stepwise interpretation of ECG ID 122, which shows atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute in a 50-year-old man complaining of palpitations. The interpretation examines the P waves, QRS complex, QRS duration, signs of ventricular hypertrophy or myocardial infarction, and T waves. The final diagnosis is atrial flutter with variable AV block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute.
ECG #9 - ID594a - acute ASMI
This ECG shows signs of an acute antero-septal myocardial infarction in a 49-year old man presenting with chest pain, requiring urgent therapy. The ECG reveals normal sinus rhythm, a normal QRS axis and duration, and marked ST elevation in leads V1-V4, consistent with an antero-septal injury pattern diagnostic of an acute antero-septal infarction.
ECG#8 - ID478 - LVH BAE
The document discusses an ECG reading of a 58-year-old man with dilated cardiomyopathy. It finds evidence of biatrial enlargement from enlarged P waves and left ventricular hypertrophy shown by a widened QRS complex and ST abnormality, with a heart rate of 97 beats per minute and no signs of myocardial infarction.
ECG #7 - ID 279 - RVH
This ECG belongs to a 57-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever and recent symptoms of severe dyspnea and fatigue. The ECG shows normal sinus rhythm, left atrial enlargement, right axis deviation, and right ventricular hypertrophy. There are also ST depressions and negative T waves that may indicate ischemia from heart failure.
ECG #6 - ID 168 LVH
The document summarizes the stepwise interpretation of an ECG for a 78-year-old woman with a heart murmur. It finds sinus rhythm at 77 beats per minute with sinus arrhythmia and first-degree AV block. There is also evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T abnormalities and no signs of myocardial infarction.
ECG #2 - ID 352 - Premature Atrial Complexes
A 62-year-old man presented with palpitations. An analysis of his ECG found sinus rhythm at 83 bpm with premature atrial complexes, where every third P wave was premature in a pattern of trigeminy. The QRS complexes, ST segments, and T waves were normal with no signs of right or left atrial enlargement, bundle branch blocks, ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with atrial premature complexes in a pattern of trigeminy, but an otherwise normal ECG.
ECG #1 - ID 380 – Normal ECG
The ECG is for a 53-year-old man undergoing pre-anesthesia evaluation. The interpreter found normal sinus rhythm at a rate of 60 bpm, normal P waves and PR interval, normal QRS axis and duration with no evidence of conduction blocks, no signs of chamber enlargement or hypertrophy, and normal ST segments and T waves. The final diagnosis was a normal ECG.
ECG #5 - ID 168 - Left bundle branch block
A 58-year-old man followed for coronary artery disease presented with an ECG showing sinus rhythm at 88 beats per minute, a prolonged QRS duration of 145 milliseconds consistent with left bundle branch block, and no evidence of right or left ventricular hypertrophy or atrial enlargement. The left bundle branch block precludes diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy and can mask underlying myocardial infarction.
ECG #4 - ID 383 – Atrial fibrillation
A 76-year-old woman underwent an ECG examination in her family doctor's office which showed atrial fibrillation with an irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm of 66 beats per minute and no P waves. The QRS complexes were normal with no signs of conduction abnormalities, ventricular hypertrophy, or prior myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis was atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular rate of 66 bpm and no other abnormalities.
ID 352 –Sinus rhythm With premature atrial complex
A 62-year-old man presented with palpitations. An analysis of his ECG found sinus rhythm at 83 bpm with premature atrial complexes, where every third P wave was premature in a pattern of trigeminy. The ECG further showed normal P waves, QRS axis, duration and complexes, as well as normal ST segments and T waves. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with atrial premature complexes in a pattern of trigeminy, but an otherwise normal ECG.
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Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #06 no Dx ID168
This document summarizes the stepwise interpretation of an ECG for a 78 year old woman with a heart murmur. It was found that she had sinus rhythm at 77 beats per minute with sinus arrhythmia and first degree AV block. The QRS duration was normal with no signs of bundle branch blocks. There were findings of left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T abnormalities indicating a strain pattern. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with sinus arrhythmia, first degree AV block, and left ventricular hypertrophy with repolarization abnormality.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm originating outside the sinoatrial node at a rate of 75 beats per minute. The P waves have an abnormal axis and precede each QRS complex, indicating the atrial origin. There is also an incomplete right bundle branch block seen by the prolonged QRS duration of 100 milliseconds and rSR' pattern. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 bpm with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #06 no Dx ID168
A 78-year-old woman presented with a heart murmur. The ECG showed sinus rhythm at 77 beats per minute with sinus arrhythmia. There was first-degree AV block seen by a prolonged PR interval of 230 ms. Findings also included left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T abnormalities consistent with left ventricular strain.
Stepwise interpretation - ECG #1
A 53-year-old man received an ECG in the pre-anesthesia clinic. The ECG interpreter found normal sinus rhythm at a rate of 60 beats per minute, with normal P waves, PR interval, QRS axis and duration, and no signs of chamber enlargement, bundle branch blocks, ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis was a completely normal ECG.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
Ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 beats per minute. P waves are clearly seen and negative in several leads, indicating they do not originate from the sinus node but likely a low atrial region. There is also an incomplete right bundle branch block present as shown by a widened QRS duration of 100 milliseconds with an rSR' pattern. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
Stepwise interprearion ECG #10
A 50-year-old man presented with palpitations. An ECG showed atrial flutter with a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute and variable atrioventricular block. The QRS complex was normal in axis and duration with no signs of bundle branch block, ventricular hypertrophy, or prior myocardial infarction. The T waves were normal except in inferior leads and V6 where the saw-tooth pattern of atrial flutter made assessment difficult. The final diagnosis was atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute.
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More from Anas Nader
ECG #14 - ID 123 - Atrial Tachycardia
A 67-year-old woman presented with palpitations. An ECG showed a narrow-QRS tachycardia at a rate of 160 beats per minute, with visible P waves preceding each QRS complex. The P waves were negative in leads II, III, aVF and V3-V6, with a PR interval of 140 msec. Based on these characteristics, the patient was diagnosed with atrial tachycardia originating from the atria.
ECG #13 - ID 419 - EAR IRBBB
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm originating from a low atrial region at a rate of 70 beats per minute, as well as an incomplete right bundle branch block. P waves are clearly seen and negative in several leads, with a PR interval of 180ms indicating the rhythm is not junctional. The QRS axis is normal and duration is 100ms with an rSR' pattern consistent with incomplete right bundle branch block. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at 70bpm with incomplete right bundle branch block.
ECG #12 - ID 111 - CHB
This document discusses the stepwise interpretation of an ECG for a patient. It identifies that the patient, a 56-year-old man who had an episode of syncope, has sinus rhythm with complete heart block. The atrial rate is 80/min while the ventricular rate is 43/min, showing dissociation between the two rhythms. The QRS complexes originate from the AV junction at a rate of 43/min, indicating an escape junctional rhythm. The final diagnosis is sinus rhythm with complete heart block and an escape junctional rhythm supplying the ventricles.
ECG #11 - ID 108 - 2nd degree AV block
This document summarizes the ECG findings for a 58-year-old man presenting to the emergency department with 2nd degree AV block, Mobitz type 1. The ECG shows regular sinus rhythm at a rate of 88 beats per minute with intermittent conduction block such that every third P-wave is not followed by a QRS complex, resulting in a ventricular rate of 59 beats per minute. Further analysis of the ECG found normal QRS axis, duration and morphology with no signs of infarction, hypertrophy, or other abnormalities. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with Mobitz type 1 2nd degree AV block and a ventricular rate of 58 beats per minute.
ECG #10 - ID122 - Atrial Flutter
This document describes the stepwise interpretation of ECG ID 122, which shows atrial flutter with variable atrioventricular block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute in a 50-year-old man complaining of palpitations. The interpretation examines the P waves, QRS complex, QRS duration, signs of ventricular hypertrophy or myocardial infarction, and T waves. The final diagnosis is atrial flutter with variable AV block and a ventricular rate of 107 beats per minute.
ECG #9 - ID594a - acute ASMI
This ECG shows signs of an acute antero-septal myocardial infarction in a 49-year old man presenting with chest pain, requiring urgent therapy. The ECG reveals normal sinus rhythm, a normal QRS axis and duration, and marked ST elevation in leads V1-V4, consistent with an antero-septal injury pattern diagnostic of an acute antero-septal infarction.
ECG#8 - ID478 - LVH BAE
The document discusses an ECG reading of a 58-year-old man with dilated cardiomyopathy. It finds evidence of biatrial enlargement from enlarged P waves and left ventricular hypertrophy shown by a widened QRS complex and ST abnormality, with a heart rate of 97 beats per minute and no signs of myocardial infarction.
ECG #7 - ID 279 - RVH
This ECG belongs to a 57-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever and recent symptoms of severe dyspnea and fatigue. The ECG shows normal sinus rhythm, left atrial enlargement, right axis deviation, and right ventricular hypertrophy. There are also ST depressions and negative T waves that may indicate ischemia from heart failure.
ECG #6 - ID 168 LVH
The document summarizes the stepwise interpretation of an ECG for a 78-year-old woman with a heart murmur. It finds sinus rhythm at 77 beats per minute with sinus arrhythmia and first-degree AV block. There is also evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy with ST-T abnormalities and no signs of myocardial infarction.
ECG #2 - ID 352 - Premature Atrial Complexes
A 62-year-old man presented with palpitations. An analysis of his ECG found sinus rhythm at 83 bpm with premature atrial complexes, where every third P wave was premature in a pattern of trigeminy. The QRS complexes, ST segments, and T waves were normal with no signs of right or left atrial enlargement, bundle branch blocks, ventricular hypertrophy, or myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with atrial premature complexes in a pattern of trigeminy, but an otherwise normal ECG.
ECG #1 - ID 380 – Normal ECG
The ECG is for a 53-year-old man undergoing pre-anesthesia evaluation. The interpreter found normal sinus rhythm at a rate of 60 bpm, normal P waves and PR interval, normal QRS axis and duration with no evidence of conduction blocks, no signs of chamber enlargement or hypertrophy, and normal ST segments and T waves. The final diagnosis was a normal ECG.
ECG #5 - ID 168 - Left bundle branch block
A 58-year-old man followed for coronary artery disease presented with an ECG showing sinus rhythm at 88 beats per minute, a prolonged QRS duration of 145 milliseconds consistent with left bundle branch block, and no evidence of right or left ventricular hypertrophy or atrial enlargement. The left bundle branch block precludes diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy and can mask underlying myocardial infarction.
ECG #4 - ID 383 – Atrial fibrillation
A 76-year-old woman underwent an ECG examination in her family doctor's office which showed atrial fibrillation with an irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm of 66 beats per minute and no P waves. The QRS complexes were normal with no signs of conduction abnormalities, ventricular hypertrophy, or prior myocardial infarction. The final diagnosis was atrial fibrillation with a controlled ventricular rate of 66 bpm and no other abnormalities.
ID 352 –Sinus rhythm With premature atrial complex
A 62-year-old man presented with palpitations. An analysis of his ECG found sinus rhythm at 83 bpm with premature atrial complexes, where every third P wave was premature in a pattern of trigeminy. The ECG further showed normal P waves, QRS axis, duration and complexes, as well as normal ST segments and T waves. The final diagnosis was sinus rhythm with atrial premature complexes in a pattern of trigeminy, but an otherwise normal ECG.
Atrio-ventricular dissociation
Atrio-ventricular dissociation occurs when the atrial and ventricular rhythms are independent of each other. It can happen when the atrial rate slows below the intrinsic ventricular rate, or due to inappropriate acceleration of the ventricular rate. Typically in AV dissociation the distal pacemaker, such as the ventricles, beats faster than the proximal pacemaker like the atria. In complete heart block the proximal pacemaker usually beats faster than the distal one. However, there are exceptions to using pacemaker rates to distinguish the two.
Lead errors: reversal of limb leads
This document discusses common errors involving limb leads in electrocardiograms (ECGs), including:
1) Lead reversal is a common error, such as switching the right and left arm leads. This can cause leads like aVR and aVL to be reversed.
2) Misplacing the ground cable, such as attaching it to the right arm instead of the right leg, is another error.
3) Complex misplacements of the limb leads are less common. Examples provided demonstrate how specific lead errors can cause abnormalities to appear or disappear on ECG tracings.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #9 no Dx ID 594
This ECG shows a 49-year-old man experiencing severe chest pain for 1 hour who is presenting with an antero-septal injury pattern consistent with an acute myocardial infarction requiring urgent therapy. The ECG shows normal sinus rhythm at 84 beats per minute, a normal PR interval and QRS axis, and no signs of ventricular hypertrophy. It does reveal marked ST elevation in leads V1-V4, confirming the diagnosis of an acute antero-septal infarction.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm originating outside the sinoatrial node at a rate of 75 beats per minute. The P waves precede each QRS complex but have an abnormal axis. There is also evidence of incomplete right bundle branch block seen by a widened QRS complex with a duration of 100 milliseconds and rSR' pattern. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at 75 bpm with incomplete right bundle branch block and no signs of ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, or abnormal ST segments or T waves.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
This ECG shows an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 70 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block pattern. The QRS axis is normal and the duration is 100 msec. with an rSR' configuration. There are no signs of ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, or abnormal ST segments or T waves. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at 75 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
Stepwise interpretation of ECG - #13 no Dx ID 419
Ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 beats per minute. P waves are clearly seen and negative in several leads, indicating they do not originate from the sinus node but likely a low atrial region. There is also an incomplete right bundle branch block present as shown by a prolonged QRS duration of 100 milliseconds with an rSR' pattern. The final diagnosis is an ectopic atrial rhythm at a rate of 75 beats per minute with an incomplete right bundle branch block.
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ID 352 –Sinus rhythm With premature atrial complex
ID 352 –Sinus rhythm With premature atrial complex