The document discusses various aspects of controlling the petroleum industry, including the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of the petroleum value chain. It also examines different types of licensing agreements governments use with petroleum companies, such as concessions, product-sharing contracts, and service contracts. Each contract allocates different levels of risk and reward between the government and petroleum companies. The document also reviews key legal principles around contracts, obligations, and different areas of law that govern relationships in the petroleum industry.
This document discusses the importance of environmental science for environmental law and policymaking. It argues that sound environmental laws and policies cannot be developed without fully considering and implementing sound scientific advice. However, environmental policymaking also involves many other considerations beyond just science, such as economic, social and public opinion factors. There must be integration between technologies, policies and regulations to effectively address environmental problems. The relationship between science, government and society in environmental issues can be complex, so better communication is needed to maintain public trust in both scientific institutions and government policymaking.
The document discusses various aspects of controlling the petroleum industry, including the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of the petroleum value chain. It also examines different types of licensing agreements governments use with petroleum companies, such as concessions, product-sharing contracts, and service contracts. Each contract allocates different levels of risk and reward between the government and petroleum companies. The document also reviews key legal principles around contracts, obligations, and different areas of law that govern relationships in the petroleum industry.
This document discusses the importance of environmental science for environmental law and policymaking. It argues that sound environmental laws and policies cannot be developed without fully considering and implementing sound scientific advice. However, environmental policymaking also involves many other considerations beyond just science, such as economic, social and public opinion factors. There must be integration between technologies, policies and regulations to effectively address environmental problems. The relationship between science, government and society in environmental issues can be complex, so better communication is needed to maintain public trust in both scientific institutions and government policymaking.