The document discusses soil analysis and nutrient recommendations for growing coffee. It recommends levels of nutrients like phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the soil. Lime is often used to correct acidic soils, with 250-500g applied per meter. Coffee grounds and pulp make good fertilizers as they contain nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrients. Mineral deficiencies in the soil can be detected by examining the leaves of coffee plants.

1. Soil Analysis Examples and Coffee Nutrients
Soil Analysis Examples and Coffee Nutrients
When buying soil for growing coffee, the
following values are recommended for coffee
soil (Malavolta, 201):
P (resin) - 15-30 µg/cm3.
P (Mehlich 1): 10-20 ppm
SO4-S: 10-15 µg/cm3.
K% CEC (pH 7.0): 10-15%
Ca% CEC (pH 7.0): 40-60%
Mg% CEC (pH 7.0): 10-15%
V%: 60-70%
CEC (pH 7.0): 7-10 meq/100 cm3.
B (hot water): 0.4-0.5 ppm.
B (0.05 N HCl): 1.0-1.2 ppm.
Cu (Mehlich 1): 2-3 ppm.
Zn (Mehlich 1): 4-7.
Analysis of Soil: Correcting Problems
Lime is often used to help correct acidic soils to a pH between 4.5-5.5 in the first 20 cm of soil. When
planting coffee, the holes should be covered with 250-500 g of limestone per meter (Mavolta, 199).
Production increases of up to 500% have been observed by adding limestone. In Brazil the highest
producing plantations had a pH from 6.0-6.5, a cation exchange capacity of 40-50%, and the base
saturation in the upper 20 cm was 60% (Malavolta, 198). The requirement for lime can be calculated
as follows:
Lime needed = (T(V1-V2)/RPTN)p where
T - meq/100 cm3 of exchangeable H+Al+K+Ca+Mg
V1=S/T*100
RPTN=Relative Power of Total Nutrition. The average is 75%.
p=factor of compensation for depth:
= 0.5 for 0-10 cm.
= 1.0 for 0-20 cm.
=1.5 for 0-30 cm.
(From Malavolta, 198).
To correct problems with acidity below 20 cm deep phosphogypsum is often applied. Mavolta suggest
that phosphogypsum should be applied when aluminum saturation is higher than 20% or the
participation of Ca in the effective CEC is lower than 40% (Malavolta, 200).
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2. Soil Analysis Examples and Coffee Nutrients
Coffee Fertilizer
Since the coffee hullls and pulp are rich in nutrients, many people often use coffee grounds as
fertilizer. One 60 kg bag of coffee contains 1,026 g of nitrogen, 60 g of phosphorous, 918 g of
potassium, 162 g of calcium, 90 g of magnesium, 72 g of sulfur, 0.96 g of boron, 0.80 g of copper, 3.6
g of iron, 1.2 g of manganese, 0.002 g of molybdenum, and 0.72 g of zinc (Malavolta, 197). The pulp
resulting from processing contains 1,068 g of nitrogen, 84 g of phosphorous, 2,250 g of potassium, 246
g of calcium, 78 g of magnesium, 90 g of sulfur, 2.04 g of boron, 1.08 g of copper, 9.0 g of iron, 1.80 g
of Manganese, 0.004 g of Molybdenum, and 4.20 g of Zinc (Malavolta 197).
Mineral deficiencies in mineral content can usually be detected visually from looking at the coffee
bean leaves. See Coffee Bean Leaf Analysis for more information on laboratory tests available
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