The document outlines the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), defining its phases which include requirement gathering, analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance. Each phase plays a crucial role in ensuring the final software product meets customer expectations while being cost-effective and maintainable. The author emphasizes the importance of collaboration among project managers, analysts, and developers at each stage to ensure a quality outcome.

1. SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT
LIFE
CYCLE
SAGAR POKHREL
WWW.DATASAGAR.COM

2. WHAT IS SDLC?
▪ SDLC is a framework defining tasks performed at each step in the software
development process.
▪ Aims to produce high quality system that meets or exceeds customer
expectations, work effectively and efficiently in the current and planned
information technology infrastructure, and is inexpensive to maintain and
cost effective to enhance.
▪ Each phases produces some deliverables that are required for next phase
to come in life cycle.
▪ Right from starting problem identification, requirements are gathered,
solution is planned, and requirements are translated to suitable design.
▪ Code is produced according to the design and Testing should be done on
developed product based on requirements and deployment should be
done once the testing is completed.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY

3. Gathering
Requirement
s and Project
Planning
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementatio
n/Deployment
Operations
and
Maintenance
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE(SDLC)
A typical software
development life
cycle consists of
following phases:
Fig: SDLC
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY

4. SDLC STAGES
1. GATHERING REQUIREMENTS & PLANNING
▪Project planning is a vital role in the software delivery lifecycle
since this is the part where the team estimates the cost and
defines the requirements of the new software.
▪The awareness of our customer’s requirements and how much
capital, time, and resources we can contribute to their product’s
success is also gathered.
▪And when we are in the preparation process, the three things that
are mandatory to keep in mind are:
✓Identification of the system for development
✓Creation of project plan
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
Project
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5. SDLC STAGES
GATHERING REQUIREMENTS & PLANNING..
▪Business and system analysts collects the requirements
from the customer/client as per their business need.
▪They documents the requirements to prepare Customer
Requirement report and pass it to next phase.
▪Key persons involved in this phase:
▪ Software Project Manager
▪ System and Business Analyst
▪ Senior members in team or mid & top level managers
▪ Customers/Clients etc.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
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6. SDLC STAGES
2. ANALYSIS
▪ The second step of SDLC is gathering maximum information from the
client requirements for the product.
✓The team ensures the project requirements of the end-users of the system.
✓Discuss each detail and specification of the product with the customer.
▪ The development team will then analyze the requirements keeping the
design and code of the software in mind.
✓Further, investigating the validity and possibility of incorporating these
requirements into the software system.
▪ The main goal of this stage is that everyone understands even the
minute detail of the requirement.
✓Hardware, operating systems, programming, and security are to name the few
requirements.
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7. SDLC STAGES
ANALYSIS..
▪ Architects, developers, & product managers collaborate with stakeholders
to document the business processes as per planning.
▪ Additionally, if the project is feasible for the customer technologically,
economically, technically, operationally, and financially etc.
▪ They documents the requirements to prepare Software Requirement
Specification and pass it to design phase.
▪ Key persons involved in this phase:
✓System and Business Analyst
✓Software Project Manager
✓Senior members in team or mid & top level managers etc.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
Project
Planning
Analysis
Design
and
Prototypi
ng
Software
Developm
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Testing
Software
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8. SDLC STAGES
3. DESIGN
▪In the design phase (3rd step of SDLC), the program developer
examine whether the prepared software satisfy all the
requirements of the clients and end-user.
▪Mainly two varieties of tasks are carried out:
▪ High Level Design(HLD)
✓Gives architecture of software to be developed
✓Done by Architects, Designers and software engineers
▪ Low Level Design(LLD)
✓Describe how each and every features in software should work
✓Done by designers, senior developers and system engineers
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9. SDLC STAGES
DESIGN..
▪Once the front-end engineer decides on the best design approach,
they then selects the program languages like Oracle, Java, etc., that
will suit the software.
▪Once the design specification is prepared, all the stakeholders will
review this plan and provide their feedback and suggestions.
✓It is absolutely mandatory to collect and incorporate stakeholder’s input in the
document, as a small mistake can lead to cost overrun.
▪Outcomes are different high level as well as low level design and
overall design documentation.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
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10. SDLC STAGES
4. DEVELOPMENT / CODING
▪ This phase involves translating the design to a computer-legible language.
The tasks are divided into modules or units & assigned to developers.
✓The developers will then start building the entire system by writing code using the
programming languages.
✓This stage is considered to be one of the longest in SDLC.
✓The developers need certain predefined coding guidelines, and programming tools
like interpreters, compilers, debugger to implement the code.
▪ Developers can show the work done to the business analysts in case if any
modifications or enhancements required.
▪ Outcome of this phase is Source Code and developed product.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
Project
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11. SDLC STAGES
5. TESTING
▪ Once the developers build the software, then it is then forwarded to the
testing department.
✓Testing department firstly deploy it in the testing environment.
✓Testing team tests the functionality of the entire system.
✓Testing is done to ensure that the entire application works according to the
customer requirements.
▪ After testing, the QA and testing team might find some bugs or defects and
communicate the same with the developers.
✓The development team then fixes the bugs and send it to QA for a re-test.
✓This process goes on until the software is stable, bug-free and working according to
the business requirements of that system.
▪ Outcome of this phase is Quality Product, Testing Artifacts and QA Report.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
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12. SDLC STAGES
6. DEPLOYMENT / IMPLEMENTATION
▪The sixth phase of SDLC: Once the testing is done, and the product
is ready for deployment, it is released for customers to use and
process is referred to as deployment.
✓Deployment is done by Deployment or Implementation Engineers also referred to as
DevOps Engineers(term coined in 2009 by Patrick Debois).
▪The users are then provided with the training or documentation that
will help them to operate the software.
▪Again, a small round of testing is performed on production to
ensure environmental issues or any impact of the new release.
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
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13. SDLC STAGES
7. OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
▪The actual problem starts when the customer actually starts using the
developed system and those needs to be solved from time to time.
▪Maintenance is the seventh phase of SDLC where the developed
product is taken care of.
▪According to the changing user end environment or technology, the
software is updated timely.
▪Software Development companies provides maintenance service as per
Service Level Agreement done with client in prior to system development,
PREPARED BY: SAGAR POKHREL, CS FACULTY
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and
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Deployme
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14. THANK YOU !
SAGAR POKHREL
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