Download as PDF, PPTX
![Stream Processing
(or Complex Event Processing, CEP)
Event processing: tracking and analyzing streams of data
«events», and deriving a conclusion from them
insert into RealEvent(src, streamName, value,
Defines a set of (fixed) queries
unitOfMeasure) select ‘‘Average’’,
‘‘Average-out’’, avg(value) as value,
Event streams are analyzed in real(streamName=’’M1’’). in-
unitOfMeasure from realEvent time (often with
memorywin:time_batch(‘‘1h’’) to the programmed queries
processing) according
group by src, streamName, unitOfMeasure;
Guarantees fast and scalable processing
insert into BooleanEvent(src, streamName,
booleanValue) select ‘‘Threshold’’,
Increasingly adopted in different domains: Business Process
‘‘Threshold-out’’ as streamName, true as value from pattern
[every (oldSample=RealEvent(
Management, Recommender Systems, Financial Services, Time
streamName=‘‘Average-out’’,
Series, …MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(oldSample,‘‘1kW’’,
EventComparisonEnum.LESS_THAN_OR_EQUAL)) ->
Several tools available (commercial and open source)
newSample=RealEvent(streamName=oldSample.streamName,
MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(newSample,‘‘1kW’’,
Specific skills needed to write efficient queries, in tool-
EventComparisonEnum.GREATER_THAN)))].win:length(2);
dependent languages
85 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/smartbuildings-120910173442-phpapp02/75/Smart-buildings-architectures-and-technologies-85-2048.jpg)
![Proposed approach (2)
The set of spChains is described as a simple XML file
All chains are automatically mapped to Stream
Processing queries
<spXML:blocks> insert into RealEvent(src, streamName, value,
unitOfMeasure) select ‘‘Average’’,
<spXML:block id="Avg1“ ‘‘Average-out’’, avg(value) as value,
function="AVERAGE"> unitOfMeasure from realEvent
<spXML:param name="window" value="1“ (streamName=’’M1’’).
win:time_batch(‘‘1h’’)
unitOfMeasure="h"/> group by src, streamName, unitOfMeasure;
<spXML:param name="mode“ insert into BooleanEvent(src, streamName,
value="batch"/> booleanValue) select ‘‘Threshold’’,
‘‘Threshold-out’’ as streamName, true as value
</spXML:block> from pattern [every (oldSample=RealEvent(
streamName=‘‘Average-out’’,
<spXML:block id="Th1“ MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(oldSamp
le,‘‘1kW’’,
function="THRESHOLD"> EventComparisonEnum.LESS_THAN_OR_EQUAL)) ->
<spXML:param name="threshold“ newSample=RealEvent(streamName=oldSample.stream
value="1" unitOfMeasure="kW"/> Name,
MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(newSamp
</spXML:block> le,‘‘1kW’’,
EventComparisonEnum.GREATER_THAN)))].win:length
</spXML:blocks> (2);
87 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/smartbuildings-120910173442-phpapp02/75/Smart-buildings-architectures-and-technologies-87-2048.jpg)
![Get involved!
User interfaces / User experience
Artificial intelligence / Semantic modeling
Wireless [sensor] networks
Ambient Assisted Living applications
Stream data processing
Extension to Buildings and Industrial settings
Energy savings / Energy management
Linked-data information exchange
Device modeling / Environment modeling
…
124 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/smartbuildings-120910173442-phpapp02/75/Smart-buildings-architectures-and-technologies-124-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byFulvio Corno
Smart buildings - architectures and technologies
The document discusses the architecture and technologies related to smart buildings, highlighting available technologies such as sensors, actuators, and communication networks. It differentiates between home and building automation systems, emphasizing their functionalities and the integration challenges due to diverse protocols and legacy systems. Additionally, it introduces an open and expandable architecture model called DOG for managing intelligent domotic environments, which utilizes semantic computing for device representation and interaction.
More Related Content
Similar to Smart buildings - architectures and technologies
Smart buildings - architectures and technologies
- 1. Politecnico di Torino Dipartimentodi Automatica e Informatica e-Lite Research Group http://elite.polito.it Smart Buildings architectures and technologies Fulvio Corno – fulvio.corno@polito.it
- 2. Outline Conclusions Happy hour 2 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 3. Conclusions Smart Homes, Buildings, Factories Technology is available! Sensors, actuators, communication networks and infrastructure Domotics Field bus protocols and systems 3 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 4. Home Automation System(HAS) 4 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 5. Home Automation System(HAS) Home automation Automation of the home, housework or household activity. (remote) control of: lighting HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) appliances and other systems Home automation system An integrated system (computer-based) offering home automation functionalities Integrates electrical devices in a house Through a communication network Possibly includes devices using different communication protocols 5 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 6. Building Automation System(BAS) 6 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 7. Building Automation System(BAS) Building automation The advanced functionality provided by the control system of a building E.g., security & access control, fire detection & alarms, HVAC, lighting control, air quality, smoke detection, intrusion detection, environmental control, asset location/management Building Automation System(BAS) A computerized, intelligent network of electronic devices designed to monitor and control the mechanical, electronic, and lighting systems in a building 7 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 8. Home vs. BuildingAutomation Building Home Automation Automation Home Automation is almost a subset of Building Automation Most functionalities are shared Different protocols and technologies 8 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 9. Pot-pourri of devices… 9 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 10. Conclusions Smart Homes, Buildings, Factories Technology is available! Sensors, actuators, communication networks and infrastructure Domotics Field bus protocols and systems Applications are well-defines Energy monitoring Security, Surveillance Remote control 10 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 11. Pot-pourri of applications… 11 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 12. Conclusions Available Well-defined technologies applications Problem solved … or not? 12 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 13. Outline (the realone…) Problem definition Proposed architecture Application examples Q&A 13 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 14. Starting points • Environmental sensors (temperature, Application humidity, CO2, pollutants, illumination, wind, …) • User sensors (presence, movement, access, …) • Energy meters (electric energy and power, gas and water consumption, …) • Actuators (relays, motor valves, motor doors, lights and signs, …) • Automation systems • Interconnection systems D D D D Devices 14 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 15. Starting points • Dashboards (observing, monitoring, …) Application • Historical data (storage, consolidation, query, …) • Alerts (anomaly, threshold detection, …) • Remote control (commanding actuators, de/activate actions, set-point, …) • Trends (historical data analysis, analysis on real time data) • Real time elaborations (computing derived quantities, virtual sensors, …) • Ambient intelligence (comfort, energy saving, scenarios, dynamic adaptation, …) D D D D • Integration with information systems Devices 15 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 16. Closing the loop Application • Sensor technologies • Communication protocols • Scale (local, geographic) • Number of devices • Sampling frequencies Infrastructure • Security / authentication • Type of data • Unidirectional vs bidirectional • Data encoding • Polling / Pushing D D D D Devices 16 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 17. Easy to say«device» Field bus Wireless Powerline Computer-derived RS-485 17 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 18. Easy to say«device» Field bus Wireless Note 1: this is just a small sample of currently used protocols Note 2: we don’t list all other solutions, Powerline more or less «custom» Computer-derived RS-485 Note 3: 18 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 19. Network Technology Bus Powerline MyOpen Echelon KNX X10 Modbus Insteon Echelon Wireless Dali ZigBee CAN Z-Wave MBus EnOcean 19 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 20. Application Area Automation Entertainment Real-time Control UPnP CAN DLNA KNX, MyHome, Insteon, General purpose Echelon, Modbus, X10, ZigBee, Bluetooth Z-Wave, EnOcean WiFi Lighting Dali (all Automation) Metering Mbus RS-485 KNX, Modbus, Echelon, ZigBee, Z-Wave,… 20 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 21. Meanwhile, in thereal world, … Different suppliers Diverse technologies in Different the same system sub-systems Never designed for Different installation times interoperation (even Legacy worse…) Different needs and D D D D requirements D D D D D D D D 21 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 22. Meanwhile, in thereal world, … Needs are growing Different applications on Opportunities the same physical system are growing Sharing sensors, data and Developing new interfaces actuation commands New application areas Scale integration Application Application Application Application Application 22 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 23. Challenges Integration Different electrical requirements Different interaction modalities Different behaviors (temporal, etc.) Interoperation Different protocols Different interaction modalities Master/slave Peer-to-peer Etc. Modeling Different technologies & assumptions A single shared, common description 23 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 24. Errors to avoid The «My gateway is way too «All you can eat» application clever» case Application Application Infrastructure Infrastructure D D D D D D D D D Devices Devices 24 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 25. And now? Application Application Application Application D D D D D D D D D D D D 25 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 26. A lingua franca Application Application Application Application Neutral representation D D D D D D D D D D D D 26 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 27. Open and HorizontalArchitectures Application Application Application Application Rules and Application Real time computation scenarios service API Basic/core functionalities Data exchange Neutral representation Protocol interface drivers D D D D D D D D D D D D 27 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 28. Applications consume dataand services Application Application Application Application Rules and Application Real time computation scenarios service API Basic/core functionalities Data exchange Neutral representation Protocol interface drivers D D D D D D D D D D D D 28 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 29. Applications command andcontrol Application Application Application Application Rules and Application Real time computation scenarios service API Basic/core functionalities Data exchange Neutral representation Protocol interface drivers D D D D D D D D D D D D 29 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 30. An abstract model Application ApplicationAbstract w.r.t. technology • Application Application • Expandable w.r.t. • Tecnologies RulesDevices • and Application Real time computation scenarios • Application domains service Standard languages and representations (W3C •API Semantic Web): RDF & OWL • We propose: DogOnt ontology Basic/core functionalities Data exchange Neutral representation Protocol interface drivers D D D D D D D D D D D D 30 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 31. http://elite.polito.it/dogont-tools-80 DogOnt DogOnt - Ontology Modeling for Intelligent Domotic Environments, D. Bonino, F. Corno 7th International Semantic Web Conference, 2008, Springer-Verlag, pp. 790-803 Building Thing IsIn / contains Building Environment Controllable House Building Apartment Plant Electric System Lamp hasState Room OnOff hasFunctionality State Control Functionality Discrete OnOff State Functionality State Functionality 31 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 32. Semantic Modeling (DogOnt) RDF OWL XML XSD 32 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 33. In Practice (Protégé& OWL) <owl:Class rdf:about="#SimpleLamp"> <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" >Simple lamp that can be just turn on or turn off</rdfs:comment> <owl:disjointWith> <owl:Class rdf:about="#DimmerLamp"/> </owl:disjointWith> <rdfs:label rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" >SimpleLamp</rdfs:label> <rdfs:subClassOf> <owl:Restriction> <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="#QueryFunctionality"/> <owl:onProperty> <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="#hasFunctionality"/> </owl:onProperty> </owl:Restriction> </rdfs:subClassOf> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Lamp"/> </owl:Class> 33 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 34. Sample Room Modelin DogOnt OffNotification OnNotification hasNotification hasNotification OnOffNotification Functionality OnOffState hasFunctionality generatesCmd hasState Switch hasState Lamp hasFunctionality isIn isIn OnOffState OnOffFunctionality hasCommand Sample Room hasCommand OffCommand generatesCmd OnCommand 34 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 35. Home / BuildingGateway Application Application Application configuration • System Application • Sending commands • Monitoring states Rules and • Getting data from sensors Application Real time computation scenarios • Asynchronous (event-driven) service API programming model • Application independent Basic/core functionalities • Standard-based interfaces (http, Data exchange XML, JSON, …) Neutral representation Protocol interface drivers We propose: D • Open and expandable architecture D D D D D D D D D D D Dog 2.x • Acceptable development times • Application independent 35 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 36. Dog 2.x http://domoticdog.sourceforge.net Intelligent Gateway: Dog 2.x Open Source (Apache 2.0) Modular (OSGi framework) Multi-protocol Based on semantic computing and DogOnt Suitable for embedded-PC hardware 36 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 37. Intelligent Domotic Environments 37 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 38. DOG - DomoticOSGi Gateway http://domoticdog.sourceforge.net/ 38 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 39. System Architecture User Mobile, Web, Home Display, User Multi Touch, Accessibility, Interface User Natural language, … Interface Interface Data ERP, Web services, Stream processors, Datawarehouse analysis Device abstraction, Event Dog abstraction, State abstraction, Bundles Rules engine, … Ethernet, Wi-Fi, USB Bus-to-IP gateway GW GW Bus-to-serial gateway Domotic bus (wired, wireless) Smart D D D D D D D D Domotic devices (switches, buttons, relays, sensors, meters, Appliance …) 39 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 40. In Ontology WeTrust Devices and networks exposed by means of a formal, unique, representation DogOnt (Ontology) Applications only see DogOnt-based device descriptions Functionalities Notifications Commands States State values Internal representations and drivers must be ontology- aware, at different degrees 40 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 41. High-Level Architecture OSGi - based 2 main layers 3 main bundle groups Core Drivers Add-ons 41 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 42. Core DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel DogConfigurator DogLogger Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 42 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 43. Dog REST EndPoint DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint Dog REST EndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager Provides REST access to Dog Based on JSON or XML messages DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel Under development DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel DogConfigurator DogLogger Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 43 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 44. Dog XML EndPoint DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint Dog XML EndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager Provides XML-RPC access to Dog DogAutoStart DogSimpleHouseModel Based on XML messages DogDeviceFactory DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary Two Way Connection DogDeviceModel Client to send notifications DogConfigurator DogLogger Server to listen application requests Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 44 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 45. DogStateMonitor DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogStateMonitor DogAutoStart Keeps a snapshot DogDeviceFactory of the state of all devices DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel Allows for state change listener registration DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Supports state querying DogConfigurator DogLogger Typically asynchronous Synchronous through a different interface (API) Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 45 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 46. DogScheduler DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogScheduler DogAutoStart Allows to schedule DogDeviceFactory recurring tasks involving DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel Command execution (done through the command DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel handling bundles) State requests (done by reading the currentDogLogger DogConfigurator device state in dog – not on the network) Notification…?(for what?) Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 46 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 47. DogExecutor DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogExecutor DogAutoStart Dispatches a command to relative device object DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel Performs command validation DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Supports message priority DogConfigurator DogLogger No pre-defined priority levels Higher priority Higher Priority Value in the Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx corresponding DogMessage 47 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 48. DogDeviceManager DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogDeviceManager DogAutoStart Implements the OSGi device manager (device DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel access specification)DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Manages device/driver attachment in Dog When device/driver are added/modified/removed DogConfigurator DogLogger Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 48 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 49. DogNotificationManager DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory the Implements Event Admin Service Specification DogSimpleHouseModel Version 1.2 DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel It is based on a event publish and subscribe model Filters inner state change notifications from DogLogger DogConfigurator outer ones (visible to applications) Dispatches Notification and State Change MeasureLibrary Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary org.rxtx Notifications only 49 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 50. DogDeviceFactory DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogDeviceFactory DogSemanticHouseModel Creates device istances according to the runtime home DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel configuration DogConfigurator DogLogger Either provided by the SimpleHouseModel or by the Semantic House Model Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 50 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 51. DogOntLibrary DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel DogOntLibrary State classes DogConfigurator StateDogLogger value classes All possible Programmatically Devices DogJaxBLibrary (interfaces) Dog2Library generated from DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx Functionalities classes DogOnt 51 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 52. DogDeviceModel DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel DogDeviceModel DogConfigurator DogLogger All possible Device implementationsDogSemanticLibrary Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 52 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 53. DogSemanticHouseModel DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel Manages the home description in form of DogOnt instances DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Supports configuration requests Supports model merging DogConfigurator Implements classification and basic reasoning DogLogger Supports interoperation rules extraction Potentially provides access to all properties/features defined in DogOnt Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx Can generate XML home configuration to be used by the SimpleHouseModel 53 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 54. DogSimpleHouseModel DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel Manages the home description in XML DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Used for Dog instances running on devices with low computational power DogConfigurator No model-merge capabilities DogLogger No reasoning support Dog2LibrarySemanticHouseModel is present, this bundle automatically shuts If a DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx down 54 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 55. DogConfigurator DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogConfigurator DogSemanticHouseModel Manages bundle-specific DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel configurations Property files DogConfigurator DogLogger XML files Additional files (ontology, images, etc.) Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx Provides configurations to all bundles implementing the ManagedService interface 55 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 56. DogLogger DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogLogger DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Provides logging facilities to all Core bundles CanDogConfigurator log on console or file DogLogger Can apply different handlers (file, console) to different Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx logging levels 56 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 57. Dog2Library DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel Dog2Library DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Defines all the Message Types used for inter-bundle communication DogConfigurator DogLogger Defines all the bundle service interfaces Defines core-level notifications (not defined in DogOnt) Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx Provides utility classes to other bundles 57 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 58. DogJaxBLibrary DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Provides XML serialization / de-serialiazion for Inner messages DogConfigurator DogLogger Outer messages Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx Configurations Etc. 58 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 59. DogSemanticLibrary DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticLibrary DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Encapsulates and makes available all semantics-related libraries DogConfigurator DogLogger Jena Dog2Library Pellet DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx SPARQL query facilitator 59 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 60. MeasureLibrary DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel MeasureLibrary DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Exports the JScience library to all Dog bundles WillDogConfigurator define un-supported JScience unit of measures DogLogger Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 60 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 61. Org.rxtx DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel Org.rxtx DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel Exports the serial port API library (rxtx) to all Dog bundles DogConfigurator DogLogger Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx 61 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 62. Drivers KNXNetIP Elite EIBLibIP Texas OpenWebNet Instruments ZWave Modbus Echelon 62 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 63. Driver structure Network Driver Driver Driver Device Driver Gateway Driver 63 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 64. Network Driver Network Driver Handles network-level communication Protocol Connection Driver Polling (when needed) Driver Device Driver Defines the network access APIs for all driver Gateway the same technology bundles, for Driver 64 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 65. Gateway driver Gateway Driver Supports multi-gateway operation for a given network technology Driver Handles the association between devices and gateways Permits to install device driver bundles Driver only if the Device Driver corresponding network gateway is present (in the Gateway configuration) Driver 65 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 66. Device Driver Device Driver Implements the DogOnt device features for a given class of devices Driver Translates ontology-defined commands, Driver functionalities and states into network level messages Device Driver Gateway One device driver per each DogOnt device class Driver the same driver can serve multiple device Sometimes classes but this should be avoided 66 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 67. The KNX demobox D GW 67 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 68. The Z-Wave demobox GW D 68 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 69. Device access (OSGi) DogDeviceModel DeviceDriver DogDeviceCategory DogDeviceManager 69 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 70. Add-on DogRulesBundle DogPowerModelBundle DogPowerBundle 70 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 71. DogRulesBundle DogRulesBundle Provides a rule-engine runtime for Defining automation scenarios Interoperation Complex device behaviors DogPowerModelBundle Programmable through dedicated DogMessages XML-based rule definitions DogPowerBundle Uses notifications as triggers, states as constraints and commands as rule consequent Supports time-driven triggers 71 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 72. Add-on DogPowerModelBundle Handles the power DogRulesBundle extension of DogOnt Plug in the main Semantic House Model Provides power-specific query functionalities on the model DogPowerModelBundle DogPowerBundle 72 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 73. Add-on DogPowerBundle DogRulesBundle Exploits the DogPowerModelBundle Provides power consumption estimation based on Actual measures Typical/Nominal values defined in the DogOnt power extension DogPowerModelBundle Disaggregates actual measures when needed Keeps an updated snapshot of the current home power consumption DogPowerBundle 73 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 74. Command handling (1) Application Command Dog 74 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 75. Command handling (2) Command DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint DogStateMonitor DogScheduler DogExecutor DogDeviceManager DogNotificationManager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel DogSemanticHouseModel DogOntLibrary DogDeviceModel DogConfigurator DogLogger Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary DogSemanticLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx KNX Modbus Echelon OpenWebNet ZWave Network Message 75 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 76. Notification handling (1) Application Notification Dog 76 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 77. Notification handling DogXMLEndPoint DogRESTEndPoint Rules DogState Dog Dog DogDevice DogNotification Monitor Scheduler Executor Manager Manager DogAutoStart DogDeviceFactory DogSimpleHouseModel PowerBundle DogSemanticHouseModel DogOnt DogDevice PowerModel Library Model Bundle DogConfigurator DogLogger DogSemantic Dog2Library DogJaxBLibrary MeasureLibrary org.rxtx Library KNX Modbus Echelon OpenWebNet ZWave 77 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 78. Open and HorizontalArchitectures Application Application Application Application Rules and Application Real time computation scenarios service API Basic/core functionalities Data exchange Neutral representation Protocol interface drivers D D D D D D D D D D D D 78 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 79. Computing near tothe field • Multi-point and Application Application Application geographic-scale systems Application • Data publication • Integrating external data Rules and Application • (Open) Linked Data Real time computation scenarios service API Basic/core functionalities Data exchange • Data Decimation and Aggregation • Over time Neutral representation • Over space • Computing derivative quantities over recent data Protocol interface drivers • Virtual sensors • Alarms and notifications • High performance stream processing • High level functional specification D D D D D D D D D D D D • We propose: spChains 79 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 80. Motivation Ambient Intelligence Systems 100’s or 1,000’s of sensors Different physical quantities (ºC, %H2O, kW, kWh, …) Sampling frequencies from seconds to minutes Huge stream of data being generated Storage and retrieval On-line processing Off-line processing Analytics 80 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 81. On-line processing: Applications Data Decimation (from kHz to mHz) Aggregation (over time, over space, over sensor types) Averaging Feeding User Displays and Dashboards Computing up-to-date and user-meaningful information Monitoring and Alerting Checking Thresholds Generating Alert messages Virtual Sensors Computing derivative quantities 81 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 82. Requirements Input: up to 10,000-100,000 events/second Data: real-valued quantities, explicit units of measure Output: real-valued or Boolean, often at much lower frequency Computation: custom-defined depending on the application requirements Operators: reusable standard temporal operations applicable to data streams Usability: should not require database expert to define computations, domain experts must be autonomous 82 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 83. Technology scouting Standard Relational DBMS Custom programming Good for storage Perfect fit with application Not efficient for requirements computations Very expensive to Rely on central servers customize NoSQL approaches Stream Processing Great for storage No storage May do computations, Excellent for computations require custom Requires custom expertise programming and expertise Rely on central (or cloud) servers 83 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 84. Stream Processing (or ComplexEvent Processing, CEP) Event processing: tracking and analyzing streams of data «events», and deriving a conclusion from them Defines a set of (fixed) queries Event streams are analyzed in real time (often with in- memory processing) according to the programmed queries Guarantees fast and scalable processing Increasingly adopted in different domains: Business Process Management, Recommender Systems, Financial Services, Time Series, … Several tools available (commercial and open source) Specific skills needed to write efficient queries, in tool- dependent languages 84 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 85. Stream Processing (or ComplexEvent Processing, CEP) Event processing: tracking and analyzing streams of data «events», and deriving a conclusion from them insert into RealEvent(src, streamName, value, Defines a set of (fixed) queries unitOfMeasure) select ‘‘Average’’, ‘‘Average-out’’, avg(value) as value, Event streams are analyzed in real(streamName=’’M1’’). in- unitOfMeasure from realEvent time (often with memorywin:time_batch(‘‘1h’’) to the programmed queries processing) according group by src, streamName, unitOfMeasure; Guarantees fast and scalable processing insert into BooleanEvent(src, streamName, booleanValue) select ‘‘Threshold’’, Increasingly adopted in different domains: Business Process ‘‘Threshold-out’’ as streamName, true as value from pattern [every (oldSample=RealEvent( Management, Recommender Systems, Financial Services, Time streamName=‘‘Average-out’’, Series, …MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(oldSample,‘‘1kW’’, EventComparisonEnum.LESS_THAN_OR_EQUAL)) -> Several tools available (commercial and open source) newSample=RealEvent(streamName=oldSample.streamName, MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(newSample,‘‘1kW’’, Specific skills needed to write efficient queries, in tool- EventComparisonEnum.GREATER_THAN)))].win:length(2); dependent languages 85 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 86. Proposed approach (1) Stream Processing for event data processing in real time (Extensible) Library of predefined operators (spBlocks) Declarative framework (spChains) to express the required computations Each Computation = Stream Processing Chain Chain = Sequence of Stream Processing Blocks Block = predefined operator, configured with parameters 86 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 87. Proposed approach (2) The set of spChains is described as a simple XML file All chains are automatically mapped to Stream Processing queries <spXML:blocks> insert into RealEvent(src, streamName, value, unitOfMeasure) select ‘‘Average’’, <spXML:block id="Avg1“ ‘‘Average-out’’, avg(value) as value, function="AVERAGE"> unitOfMeasure from realEvent <spXML:param name="window" value="1“ (streamName=’’M1’’). win:time_batch(‘‘1h’’) unitOfMeasure="h"/> group by src, streamName, unitOfMeasure; <spXML:param name="mode“ insert into BooleanEvent(src, streamName, value="batch"/> booleanValue) select ‘‘Threshold’’, ‘‘Threshold-out’’ as streamName, true as value </spXML:block> from pattern [every (oldSample=RealEvent( streamName=‘‘Average-out’’, <spXML:block id="Th1“ MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(oldSamp le,‘‘1kW’’, function="THRESHOLD"> EventComparisonEnum.LESS_THAN_OR_EQUAL)) -> <spXML:param name="threshold“ newSample=RealEvent(streamName=oldSample.stream value="1" unitOfMeasure="kW"/> Name, MeasureEventComparator.compareToMeasure(newSamp </spXML:block> le,‘‘1kW’’, EventComparisonEnum.GREATER_THAN)))].win:length </spXML:blocks> (2); 87 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 88. spChains Framework spBlocks Stream Pattern Match / Alerts Processing Block Pervasive Event Sources application Event Drains Environmental Stream Aggregate / Computed (s) Final Users Data Processing Measures Chains Pervasive/Ubiquitous Communication Infrastructure Chain Definition 88 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 89. Basic spBlock Library 89 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 90. Examples of spChains 90 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 91. Examples of spChains <spXML:blockid = "Avg1" function = "AVERAGE"> <spXML:param name = "window" value = "1" unitOfMeasure = "h" / > <spXML:param name = "mode" value = "batch" /> </spXML:block> 91 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 92. Implementation Java spChains library (Apache v2.0 license) Core library http://elite.polito.it/spchains Esper bindings Basic spBlock library Scales up to 200 k events/sec Already in use 3 different data centers, running on embedded PCs Monitoring environment, electrical power consumption, thermal flows (heating and cooling), polled by means of the Dog2.x multiprotocol gateway Computed quantity are “pushed” to Web Service collectors Over 3 months of uptime, no issues found 92 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 93. Computing near tothe field • Multi-point and Application Application Application geographic-scale systems Application • Data publication • Integrating external data Rules and Application • (Open) Linked Data Real time computation scenarios service API Basic/core functionalities Data exchange • Data Decimation and Aggregation • Over time Neutral representation • Over space • Computing derivative quantities over recent data Protocol interface drivers • Virtual sensors • Alarms and notifications • High performance stream processing • High level functional specification D D D D D D D D D D D D • We propose: spChains 93 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 94. Motivation Applications need to Application Application access information from multiple environments Standard way to publish Environ Environ Environ and consume information ment ment ment About accessible environments Applian Applian Applian About available applicances, ces ces ces sensors and their characteristics About the actual data sensors sensors sensors measured by sensors 94 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 95. Approach Applications need to Adopt Semantic Web access information from «Linked Open Data (LOD)» approach multiple environments Standard way to publish and consume information Static information: Can be encoded in RDF About accessible according to a public environments Ontology About available applicances, sensors and their Dynamic information: characteristics New approach to represent About the actual data streams of RDF events measured by sensors 95 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 96. General LO(D)D Architecture Smart Environment Static Producer publishes information Application about sensor E streams G monitors F 96 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 97. General LO(D)D Architecture Smart Environment Static Producer publishes information E Application about sensor E F G streams E G monitors describes F E Sensor G E data F channel G Sensor updates F data channel G Sensor data channel 97 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 98. General LO(D)D Architecture Smart subscribes Environment Static Producer publishes information E Application about sensor Consumer E F Application G streams E E G monitors describes F Consumer E E E Sensor Application G E E data F channel G Sensor G Consumer updates F Application data F channel receives G G Sensor data channel 98 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 99. Proposed solutions Producer Open source libraries and API to enable Application Consumer application to interact with LO(D)D data Application RDF document with meta-data (PID) Static Publisher information information about sensor List of channels, their source data, their streams datatypes, and subscription URI/key RDF «fragments» representing each event E Contains: event#, sensor id, timestamp, value, F unit of measure G E Uses publish-subscribe pattern as transport mechanism for distributing RDF Sensor data fragments channel 99 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 100. Publisher Information Document(PID) According to lightweight «Publisher» ontology Contains declarations of all channels handled by this publisher – all needed static information Gives information to subscribe to channels Created by <RDF:Description RDF:about="&Publisher;energymtr"> publisher API <publisher:Location RDF:datatype="&xsd;string"> Torino, Italia</publisher:Location> Published over <publisher:subscribekey>sub-xxxxxx-42904d46dEEEEE http </publisher:subscribekey> <publisher:channelName>Energy Meters </publisher:channelName> <RDF:type RDF:resource="&Publisher;Channel"/> </RDF:Description> 100 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 101. Event data fragments Indivudual data points encoded in RDF Self-consistent information (e.g. Unit of measure) Standard syntax and semantics Application-independent representation Compact <rdf:Description RDF:about = "&publisher;emergymtrChan1"> <publisher:MeterNumber RDF:datatype="&xsd;int"> encodings 231 </publisher:MeterNumber> available <publisher:Unit RDF:datatype="&xsd;string" > http://purl.oclc.org/NET/muo/ucum/unit/power-level/ bel-kilowatt</publisher:Unit> <publisher:hasTimeStamp RDF:datatype="&xsd;dateTime"> 2012-02-02T13:06:41.056Z </publisher:hasTimeStamp> <publisher:hasCurrentValue RDF:datatype ="&xsd;double"> 0.3 </publisher:hasCurrentValue> 101 e-lite - Smart Buildings </RDF:Description> 2012-09-11
- 102. Cloud based Transportmechanism Provides the updates to subscribers whenever publishers update data New RDF fragments are sent to the cloud service Maintains list of subscribers Handles logic to provide transport from Publisher to many Subscriber in real time It makes the Publisher a “light-weight component” Publisher is independent from the number of connected subscribers ...and others pubsubhubbub 102 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 103. Publisher and ConsumerAPIs Publisher Library Creates PID file an offers it on http Creates channels onto cloud service Sends updates to channel, encoding it in RDF Consumer Library Parses PID file and provides channel information Subscribes to one or more channels Notifies application whenr new data is available, decoding it from RDF Same application may be producer and consumer at the same time Applications need not manage RDF explicitly 103 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 104. Real applications JEERP SMILE-O Speak2Home Politecnico Elaborazione real time Regole e scenari Servizio applicativo API • Energy monitoring • Energy as an Funzionalità di base Scambio dati asset • ERP Rappresentazione neutrale integration • DogOnt + Driver di interfacciamento ai protocolli Dog + spChains D D D D D D D D D D D D 104 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 105. Energy management 105 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 106. Jeerp (Proxima Centauri) 106 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 107. 107 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 108. Detailed Jeerp Architecture Oratio (ERP) Administrative staff Time scale CMDBuild (Asset ~ 1h manager) # Assets ~ 100 Energy Manager Aggregate Measures Alerts by asset / asset group Collector Stream Stream processing Time scale processing ~ 1s # Sensors ~ 1000 Dog Events Dog2.1 historic Field Data data 108 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 109. Real applications JEERP SMILE-O Speak2Home Politecnico Elaborazione real time Regole e scenari Servizio • System applicativo Producer API (wind turbine) + Consumer Funzionalità di base Scambio dati (cheese factory) Rappresentazione neutrale • Exchange data across Driver di interfacciamento ai protocolli subystems • DogOnt + LinkedOpen(D D D D D ynamic)Data D D D D D D D D 109 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 110. Progetto SMILE-O 110 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 111. Real applications JEERP SMILE-O Speak2Home Politecnico Elaborazione real time Regole e scenari Servizio • Advanced applicativo API control • Energy • Natural monitoring Funzionalità di base language inputScambio dati • Detective (spoken, analysis Rappresentazione written) neutrale • Integrating • Language with existing analysis and Driver di interfacciamento ai protocolli systems command • Defining a exeucution building-level • DogOnt + architecture D D D D D D D Dog D D D D D 111 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 112. DogEye user interface 112 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 113. Texas Intruments eZ430-Chronos 113 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 114. 114 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 115. Motivations Human-Home Interaction traditional (buttons, switches, etc.) computer-based (apps, UIs, etc.) Needs to find a suitable trade-off unobstrusive instantly viewed or operated feature-rich and personalizable portable Wearable computing could be a solution 115 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 116. Why a wrist-watch? a large fraction of population is already accustomed to wearing watches watches are less likely to be misplaced with respect to phones, tablets or other mobile platforms watches are more accessible than other devices one may carry the wrist is ideally located for body sensors and wearable displays 116 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 117. Requirements Context sensors onboard Required Body sensors on board Optional Sound emitter and haptics Optional Localization Optional Wireless communication Required Long-lasting battery life Required Display Required Touch-access (button) Required Touch-access (touch screen) Optional Aspect customization Optional, but typically wanted Function customization Optional 117 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 118. eZ430-Chronos capabilities Context sensorson board Required 3-axis accelerometer, pressure and temperature Body sensors on board Optional It supports external heart rate monitors Sound emitter and haptics Optional Buzzer Localization Optional No Wireless communication Required It supports the SimpliciTI and the BlueRobin protocols Long-lasting battery life Required Multiple days, depending on the usage Display Required 96-Segment LCD display Touch-access (button) Required 4 buttons Touch-access (touch screen) Optional No Aspect customization Optional, but typically No wanted Function customization Optional Yes 118 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 119. Wrist-watch implementation (I) A new firmware, in the C language, has been developed http://elite.polito.it/files/releases/dWatch_RFBSL.txt Client-server paradigm due to battery saving concerns, interactions take place either on a sporadic basis (every 30, 60 or 180 seconds) or manually 119 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 120. Visual rule builder 120 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 121. Accessibility / Disability 121 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 122. Testing Dog ina Real Home 122 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 123. Credits Ideas, Design, Development Projects & Sponsors Dario Bonino, Ph.D. CE FP6 ICT COGAIN Emiliano Castellina, Ph.D. Polo ICT (STORIES, Luigi De Russis SMILE-O) Faisal Razzak Proxima Centauri Eudata ISMB Progetto Lagrange 123 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 124. Get involved! User interfaces / User experience Artificial intelligence / Semantic modeling Wireless [sensor] networks Ambient Assisted Living applications Stream data processing Extension to Buildings and Industrial settings Energy savings / Energy management Linked-data information exchange Device modeling / Environment modeling … 124 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 125. Thank you! Questions? Comments? 125 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 126. For further information Research group http://elite.polito.it Dog2 gateway http://domoticdog.sourceforge.net Publications http://elite.polito.it/publications-mainmenu-81 Contact fulvio.corno@polito.it +39 011 090 7053 126 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11
- 127. Licenza d’uso Questa presentazione è rilasciate con la licenza Creative Commons “Attribuzione-Non commerciale-Condividi allo stesso modo 2.5 Italia” Siete liberi di riprodurre e modificare quest’opera, per scopi non commerciali, e citando la fonte. Eventuali versioni modificate dovranno essere rilasciate con la stessa licenza Testo completo della licenza: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/it/ 127 e-lite - Smart Buildings 2012-09-11