Canines and felines, tortoise and mice: Scott Reed DVM looks at the reasons why some animals live dozens of years longer than others. Usually, it's based off their size. However, scientists don't always understand why large dog breeds are prone to more health problems and live shorter lives than smaller breeds. Small dogs, like a miniature poodle or chihuahua, can survive up to twenty years. A big Bernese Mountain Dog or German Shepherd will often faces health complications before it hits its tenth birthday. Hopefully, science is catching up, and we may soon expect to have these beloved creatures in our lives more much longer.