R is a free and open-source programming language developed in 1993 by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman. It is often used for statistical computing and data analysis to analyze and visualize data. R provides many statistical techniques and is easy to create graphs with. It works across different platforms and has a large community and packages available.

1. R is a free and open-source scripting language developed by Ross Ihaka
and Robert Gentleman in 1993.
R is a programming language.
R is often used for statistical computing and graphical presentation to analyze
and visualize data.
Why Use R?
 It is a great resource for data analysis, data visualization, data science
and machine learning
 It provides many statistical techniques (such as statistical tests,
classification, clustering and data reduction)
 It is easy to draw graphs in R, like pie charts, histograms, box plot,
scatter plot, etc++
 It works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux)
 It is open-source and free
 It has a large community support
 It has many packages (libraries of functions) that can be used to solve
different problems
#take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
factorial = 1
# check is the number is negative, positive or zero
if(num < 0) {
print("Sorry, factorial does not exist for negative numbers")
} else if(num == 0) {
print("The factorial of 0 is 1")
} else {
for(i in 1:num) {
factorial = factorial * i
}
print(paste("The factorial of", num ,"is",factorial))
}

2. Output
Enter a number: 8
[1] "The factorial of 8 is 40320"
# R Program to find the multiplication table (from 1 to 10)
# take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter a number: "))
# use for loop to iterate 10 times
for(i in 1:10) {
print(paste(num,'x', i, '=', num*i))
}
Output
Enter a number: 7
[1] "7 x 1 = 7"
[1] "7 x 2 = 14"
[1] "7 x 3 = 21"
[1] "7 x 4 = 28"

3. [1] "7 x 5 = 35"
[1] "7 x 6 = 42"
[1] "7 x 7 = 49"
[1] "7 x 8 = 56"
[1] "7 x 9 = 63"
[1] "7 x 10 = 70"
# Program to check if the input number is odd or even.
# A number is even if division by 2 give a remainder of 0.
# If remainder is 1, it is odd.
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
if((num %% 2) == 0) {
print(paste(num,"is Even"))
} else {
print(paste(num,"is Odd"))
}
Output 1

4. Enter a number: 89
[1] "89 is Odd"
Output 2
Enter a number: 0
[1] "0 is Even"