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Robert Bruce - King Of Scotland
- 1. Robert Bruce His life and struggle against England Szymon Nosek II Ti
- 2. 13th Century
- 4. vs 1296
- 11. Never Give Up
Editor's Notes
- Welcome everyone, ‘Im glad to be here with my presentation about Robert Bruce – his life and struggle against England. Before I introduce who exacly was Robert Bruce i want to start with general situation while his life.
- Let's move to 13th century. Time when there were no electricity, people were working on fields as peasants for theirs lords. Time when people were fighting with swords, bows and other self-made weapons. Goods were transported on animals or on the sailing ships. Light came only from sun and candles. Common things for people were diseases and hunger. Now let's think exactly about situation in Scotland
- Situation in Scotland was calm, quite and constant. The King Alexander III ruled properly, but it was one thing to worry about. His only living family was 3 years old granddaughter Margaret who lived in Norway. The King felt from clif and die in 1286. In this situation Margaret's father decided to send her to Scotland as a Queen. Unfortunately she died during journeyin 1290.
- Results are not good: Scotland was left without any clear successor to the throne but there were many among Scottish nobility. The strongest candidates to the throne were Robert the Bruce and John Balliol.To avoid the civil war, Edward I was invited to judge who was the strongest. He chose John Balliol, suspecting that he would be easier to control. Edward I showed his true intensions - he treated Scotland like a new vassal state, he wanted taxes and other payment.He also many times humiliated the new king. John Balliol was weak as a King, but he decide to fought against king of England. In 1296 hisarmy was defeatedand he was marked as King Nobody without his royal coat of arms.In the meantime Edward I stole traditional coronation stone and England was occup occupation larg part of Scotland.
- Robert Bruce as a oponent of John Balliol was supporting Edward’s I invasion of Scotland hopping to become a king after John Balliol, but Edward I after defiting John, chose English officials instead of Robert Bruce to control Scotland, he changed his mind. In this situation in Scotland begun open revolt.William Wallace, the head of movementhad spectacular successdefeating English army at Stirling Bridge in 1297 with Robert Bruce supporting,however in the same yearWilliam was heavily defeated at Falkirk and soon after captured and beastly killed within 3 years.
- After Wiliam Wallace had failed Robert Bruce became in 1298 Guardian of Scotland ( with simple word it’s unofficial King). In this timewhen Robert the Bruce officially stood up as a candidate for the throne he met his another oponent - man called John Comyn. They had an argument and Robert killed John. Soon after, Robert went to Scone and he was crowned King of Scots. As a King he encouraged most of Scotland's nobles to fight with him for the impedance of Scotland. However he lost most of battles with England, moreover his wife and daughters were in prison in England, three of his brothers executed and also his father died.
- Robert Bruce lost his hope, he decide to run away. He was laying in a small dark cave being ready to give up but somethig changed his mind. He was watching a little spider trying to make a web. Spider fell again and again, each time climb back slowly to try again.Finally Bruce saw that the spider managed to make a web. He was inspired, he stood up and go to fight for Scotland impedance. Even it’s only a lagend you can say that this little spider helped Scotland to became a free country.
- Bruce began a guerrilla war and battles with his enemies. The very good news was Edward’s I death in July 1307. Since than Edward II ruled, he wasn’t as great as his father, fortunately. Rober’sforces without any strong resistance defeated Edward’s army at Glen Trool and Loudon Hill. One by one Scotland’s castles back to Bruceand his supporters control. In 1309 he was able to hold his first parliament with most Scotich supporting. One of the most important battle was Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 where under Enlgand control was castle at Stirling where soonafter Robert Bruce had huge victory.
- In 1320 Robert Bruce sent his Declaration of Arbroath (declaration of Scottish independence) to pope and he confirmed it and at 6 April Scotland became independent coutry. Even that they were impedance coutry, they made peace with England 8 years later in ’The Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton’ so England finally recognised King Robert I as King of Scots and alsothe independence of Scotland.
- Robert Bruce was just fifty-four when, in 1329, he fell ill. Before he died, he requested his friend- Sir James Douglas, that his heart be taken to the Holy Land. He died in the same year and his body was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, but Sir James went on with Robert’s heart, unfortunately he only got to Spain and there died defencing friend’s heart. Robert’s heart was returned to Scotland couple years afterand buried in Melrose Abbey.I want you to remember 3 thing from this presentation: First thing: The true Scotish Breavheart is only Robert the Bruce.
- Second thing:This is a heart of Robert Bruce and lyrics around it means noble heart cannot be at peace if freedom is missing. I want you to rember that you are free man or woman. Be thankfull for thatAnd a very last thing :Keep your head up becouse you can make web houndrets of time, and maybe next time you will succed so never give up. Thank you