The document discusses retail communication mix and methods used by retailers to communicate with customers. It covers the key functions of retail promotion programs which are to inform, persuade and remind customers. It then discusses various communication methods including paid impersonal communication like advertising, paid personal communication through salespeople, unpaid impersonal communication through publicity, and unpaid personal communication through word-of-mouth. The document also covers types of retail promotions like price promotions, premiums, coupons, sampling and various in-store promotion techniques.

1. Retail Communication Mix

2. Role of Retail Communication
Programme
 The goal of retail promotion program is to generate sales. And
the retailers, in order to achieve this goal, adopt various methods
like informing, persuading and reminding target customer about
their existence and their products or services.
 Thus, informing, persuading and reminding are the key functions
of the retail program.
 Information
 This is primary function of the retail promotion progarmme.
Retailers provide information to the customers about themselves
and the product and services they offer. For example, the most
common tool for disseminating information is the advertisements
placed by supermarkets in the news papers that inform us about
the special discount prices on its groceries.

3.  Persuading
 This is an important function of the retail promotion program. It
involves asking people to visit the store and purchase its
merchandise and or services. For example, a supermarket might
offer discount coupons to customers through newspapers and
motivate them to buy products.
 Reminding
 It involves reminding its customers frequently about its products
and its benefits, so that customers loyalty towards the store.
Though a retailer may be liked by customers, it could be very
difficult for the former to retain its customer due to its
competitors appeals. Hence, an increasing number of retailers, as
a part of their reminding task, are developing promotional
strategies like loyalty programme or frequent shoppers
programme for their customers.

4. Methods of communication with
Customer
 Paid Impersonal Communications
 Advertisement, sales promotional, store atmosphere and websites are
examples of paid impersonal communication.
 Paid Personal Communication
 Retail salespeople are the primary vehicle for providing paid personal
communication to customers. Personal selling is a communication
process in which sales people assist customers in satisfying their needs
through face to face exchanges of information.
 Unpaid Impersonal Communication
 The primary methods for generating unpaid impersonal
communication is publicity. Publicity is communication through
significant unpaid presentation about the retailer, usually a news story,
in personal media.

5.  Unpaid Personal Communication
 Finally, retailers communicate with their customer at no cost
through word of mouth, communication between people
about a retailer. For example, retailer attempt to encourage
favorable word of mouth communication by establishing teen
boards composed of high school students leaders. Board
members are encouraged to tell their friends about the
retailer and its merchandise. On the other hand, unfavorable
word of mouth communication can seriously affect the store
performance.

7. Retail Communication Mix
 Communication is an integral part of the retailer’s marketing
strategy. Primarily, communication is used to inform the
customers about the retailer, the merchandise and the
services.
 It also serves as a tool for building the store image. Retail
communication has moved on from the time when the
retailer alone communicated with the consumers.
 Today, consumers can communicate or reach the
organizations. Examples of this include toll free numbers,
which retailers provide for customer complaints and queries.
Another example is the section called Contact Us on the
websites of many companies.

8. Retail Communication Mix
 Advertising
 Sales Promotion.
 Personal Selling.
 Publicity/Public Relation.

9. Advertising
 “Advertising is any paid form of non personal
presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and
services by an identified sponsor.”
 Advertising is the form of communication intended to
promote the sales of the product or services to
influence the public opinion, to get political support or
to advance a particular causes.

10. Features of Advertising
 It is mass communication process.
 It is informative action.
 It is persuasive Act.
 It is competitive act.
 It is not the part of product.
 It is Paid for.
 It is non personal presentation.

11.  However, a retailer may use advertising to achieve any of the
following objectives:
1) Creating awareness about a product or store
2) Communicate information in order to create a specific image
in the customer’s mind in terms of the store merchandise price
quality benefits etc.
3) Create a desire to want a product.
4) To communicate the store’s policy on various issues.
5) Help to identify the store with nationally advertised brands.
6) Help in repositioning the store in the mind of the consumer.
7) To increase sales of specific categories or to generate short
term cash flow – by way of a sale, bargain days, midnight
madness etc.
8) Help reinforce the retailer’s corporate identity.

12.  Determining the Advertising / Promotional budget
 While there is no definite formula for determining the
advertising or the overall promotion budget the following are
the main methods that may be employed to determine the
advertising budget.
 The percentage of Sales method:
 This is perhaps the most commonly used method for
determining the budget. Here, the budget is a fixed percentage
of sales. The biggest advantage of this method is that it is
simple to apply and it allows he retailer to set an affordable
limit on promotional activity. This method however, takes
little consideration of the market conditions of any special
advertising needs.

13.  The Competitive Parity Method
 Here the budget is based on the estimated amount spent by the
competition. There is risk that it could be based on wrong information
and again there is little consideration for market conditions or growth
opportunities.
 The research approach or the Task and objective Method
 The budget is determines on the basis of a study of the best forms of
advertising media and the costs of each. The retailer formulates
advertising goals and then defines the tasks necessary to accomplish
these goals. Next, the management determines the cost for each task and
adds up the total to arrive at the required budget. Here, he advertising
expenses are linked to the retailer’s objectives and the effectiveness of
some forms of advertising can be measured and compared to costs.
 The incremental Method
 The budget is simply based on the previous expenditure.

14. Steps in Designing Advertising
Campaign
 Identify the target Audience.
 Set the advertising Objectives.
 Determine the advertising budget.
 Design the message.
 Evaluate and select the media.
 Create an advertisement.
 Measure the impact.

15. Advantages of Advertising.
 Advantages to Manufacturer.
II. It increases the sales volume.
III. It increases the Net Profits.
IV. It controls Product Price.
V. It helps in Opening New Market.
VI. It Maintain existing Market.
 Advantages to Salesman
8. Curtails the Burden of the salesman job.
9. Least Efforts.
 Advantages to Wholesalers and Retailers.
11.Create easy sales.
12.Increase the turnover.
13.Attract the more customers.

16. Advantages of Advertising.
 Advantages to Customers.
2. Easy Purchasing.
3. Saves time.
4. Choose best quality product.
5. Educates the customers.
 Disadvantage of Advertising
7. Less Persuasive.
8. High level of wastage.
9. Not targeted well.
10. Difficult to evaluate.
11. Little interactive.
12. Costly.

17. Classification of Advertising
 According to Geographical Spread
2. National Advertising..
3. Local Advertising..
4. Global Advertising..
 According to Target Group.
6. Consumer Advertising.
7. Industrial Advertising.
8. Trade Advertising.
9. Professional Advertising.

18. Types of Advertisement.
 Consumer oriented Or Persuasive
Advertisement.
 Informative Advertising.
 Institutional or Corporate Advertising.
 Financial Advertising.
 Classified Advertising.

19. Sales Promotion
 According to Philip Kotler,
 “Sales Promotion consist of diverse collection of incentive tools,
mostly short term designed to stimulate quicker or greater
purchase of particular product or services by consumers or the
trade.”
 From the above definition one can understand the following
characteristics of Sales Promotion
4. It is mostly short term in nature.
5. Its only objective is to promote sales quickly.
6. Sales promotion is done with channel partners as well as the customers.

20. Nature of Sales Promotion
 Encompasses all promotional activities and materials other
than personal selling, advertising and publicity. Grown
dramatically in the last ten years due to short term focus on
profits.
 Funds are usually earmarked for advertising are transferred
to sales promotion. Often used in conjunction with other
promotional efforts.

21. Sales Promotion Opportunities and
Limitations
 Opportunities
 Increase in sales by providing extra incentive to purchase. May
focus on resellers ,consumers or both.
 Objectives must be consistent with promotional objectives and
overall company objectives.
 Balance between short term sales increase and long term need
for desired reputation and brand image.
 Attract customer traffic and maintain brand/company loyalty.
 Impulse purchases increased by displays
 Contests generate excitement esp. with high payoffs.

22. Limitations
 Consumers may just wait for the incentives
 May diminish image of the firm, represent decline in
the product quality.
 Reduces profit margins, customers may stock up
during the promotion.
 Shift focus away from the product itself to secondary
factors, therefore no product differential advantage.

23. Sales Promotion
Type of Sales Promotion.
 Point of purchase.
 Contest.
 Sweepstakes.
 Coupons.
 Frequent Shoppers.
 Prizes.
 Demonstrations.
 Referral Gifts.
 2 for prices of 1
 Samples.
 Premiums.
 Special Events.

24.  Coupons:
 Usually reduce the purchase price or offered as cash. Need to state the offer clearly
and make it easy to recognize.
 Demonstrations:
 Excellent attention getters. Labor costs are usually high.
 Frequent User Incentives:
 Major airlines, helps foster customer loyalty to a specific company. Credit card
companies. Trading stamps-Co-ops bank in England, foster retail loyalty.
 Point of Purchase Display:
 Outside signs, window displays, counter pieces, display racks. 90% of retailers
believe that point of purchase materials sell products.
 Essential for product introductions. Also with 2/3 of purchasing decisions made in
the store, they are important.
 Free Samples:
 Stimulate trial of product. Increase sales volume at the early stage of
the product life cycle and obtain desirable distribution.
Most expensive sales promotion technique.
Not appropriate for mature products and slow turnover products.

25.  Money Refunds/Rebates:
 Submit proof of purchase and mail specific refund, usually need multiple purchase for
refund. Helps promote trial use, due to the complexity of the refund, it has little impact.
Customers have a poor perception of rebate offered products.
Used extensively in the Auto and Computer industry.
 Premium Items:
 Offered free or at minimum cost as a bonus. Used to attract competitors customers,
different sizes of established products.
Gas stations give free glasses--basics buy!! McDonalds premium items are considered
collectors items by some!
Flintstones program last year with McDonalds.
Burger King with the Lion King movie
Last summer the following tie-in premium programs.
 Cents-off Offer:
 Strong incentive for trying a product-very similar to coupons, but are a part of the
package.
 Consumer Contests and Sweepstakes:
 Consumers compete based on their analytical or creative skills. Must be accurate or you
will anger customers/retailers.
Sweepstakes are prohibited in some states.

26. Sales Promotion
 Advantages of Sales Promotion.
 It is often has eye catching appeal.
 Themes and tools can be distinctive.
 The consumer may receive something of value, such as
coupons or free merchandise.
 It helps to draw customer traffic and maintain loyalty to the
retailer.
 Impulse purchase are increased.
 Customers can have fun, particularly with contests and
demonstrations.

27.  Direct Marketing:
 In direct marketing the marketers communicate directly with the customers to
sell their products. Traditionally its not included in Promotion Mix but now
its becoming an important part of IMC (Integrated Marketing
Communication).
 In direct marketing the main thing is not only have direct mailing to the
customer but also database management, contact management, telemarketing,
direct response, direct mail, direct email, shopping through company catalog
list, and websites are also included.
 The most important thing in Direct Marketing is Direct Personal Response
where manufacturers compel the customers to buy the products directly from
them. Customer watches the ad on TV, or Newspaper and contacts the
manufacturer for the product. Direct Mail used to be the primarily medium
for the Direct Personal Response but now email, Internet, TVs has taken its
place.
 Direct Marketing is very helpful for the people those have money and they
don’t have the time to go to the store and buy the thing. Direct Marketing
provides them a way to directly contact the manufacturer and buy the thing at

28.  Publicity:
 Publicity is the important part of promotional mix. In publicity no
payment is made to the publisher. Basically publicity is done in the
form of:
 Product Reviews
 Discussions about the product in different forums
 In local Events
 News and Editorials
 Publicity is actually the type of non personal communication regarding
the product or the service. Publicities do an important role to make
the decisions of the people about any product because the one who is
publicizing a product is not directly involved with the company. In
publicity the product is directly criticized and/or appreciated.

29.  Personal Selling:
 In personal selling there is a direct contact
between the buyer of the product and the seller
of the product. Feedback is received very
quickly and the seller can change the message
according to the needs of the consumer. This is
basically used in Business to Business models.

30. Personal Selling.
Personal Selling.
 Objective Of Personal Selling.
 Advantages Of Personal Selling.
 Disadvantages Of Personal Selling.
 Publicity / Personal Relations.

31. Planning Retail Communication
1. Setting Objectives.
2. Determining Communication Budget.
3. Allocating the Budget.
4. Implementing and Evaluating the Budget.

32. Managing In store Promotion and
Events
 A cardinal rule to be followed in store promotion is that there should always
be some excitement or events happening in the store or there is a chance that
consumer may forget the store – they have so many other attraction in the
market. It is for the store manager to keep creating these exciting programmes
revolving around his store so that consumers keep coming in hoards, when
they came, the store has so much to offer that it convert them into buyers.
Some examples of excitement creation are.
 KEMP Fort used to have a fashion show with local models every evening to
get shoppers to the store before they went home from work.
 Cross word book store invites leading authors to talk their newly released
book in the store. The book get sold in the large number on that day (authors
normally autographs each buy) but the store traffic creates impulse buying.
 All the Pizza parlor run special ‘combo’ offer to attract families.
 Food bazaar has regular discount sales period.
 Retailers have special offers for frequent buyers or loyalty cards. Shopper Stop
has regular campaign running on this.

33. Managing In store Promotion and
Events
 Types of In store Promotions.
2. Price off Pack.
3. Premiums.
4. Self liquidating Premiums.
5. Personality promotions.
6. Completions.
7. Cooperative Promotions
8. Samplings.
9. Coupons.
10.Cash backs.
11.Multi Packs.
12.In store sales persons.

34.  Price off Pack.- “10 Rs off” printed on banded on the pack.
 Premiums.- Small gift either in, or occasionally attached to, the
pack, e.g. plastic toys
 Self liquidating Premiums.- Cheap promotion primarily
concerned with obtaining in store display. The customer right to
supplier for the gift, enclosing pack tops plus money. The gifts
are likely to be brought in bulk by the supplier, giving it the
benefit of large discount, thus making the brought in unit price
low enough to be covered by the profit on all extra sales made.
 Personality promotions.- Some manufacturer use TV
personalities to promote their products, but their appeal may be
declining because so many companies now use them. To avoid
overexposure some firms now use personalities selectively, e.g.
in certain part of country.

35.  Competitions.- These are often printed on the packs with advantage
to the supplier that budget is known in advance, with the requisite
number of prizes ordered from suppliers.
 Cooperative Promotions – For e.g. two or more branded products
sharing (and funding) a joint in store promotion, e.g. garden peat and
packet seeds.
 Samplings.- The giving away, often in store, of product sample, some
times with demonstrator present,
 Coupons.- Price-off coupons is printed on the packs or in store hand
outs, usually allowing a substantial saving on the next purchase of the
brand. The effectiveness of this type of promotion can be significantly
reduced if the store allow the coupons to be redeemed for quite
different goods – this is called malredemption.
 Cash backs.- customer have to send pack tops back to the
manufacturer and, although initially attractive, may be loath to in
practice due to the hassle; this reduces the cost of promotion, as a result
of low redemption.

36.  Multi Packs.- Two or more packs are attached and sold for a
better price than buying the items singly. Occasionally a
stretched version of the pack obviate the extra shelf space
required. Popular in toiletries and drinks.
 In store sales persons.- an example would be demonstrator
used in the electrical white goods market. To work well,
probably there has to be a further inducement offered e.g
reduce prices. This promotion is used selectively, normally in
supermarkets, departmental stores and electrical goods store.