The document discusses the concept of "TouchPaper Problems" in education, which are specific problems focused on cognitive and social development, based on principles rather than inventions, and with defined endpoints. It provides examples of potential TouchPaper Problems, such as determining the shortest time needed to teach the most common English words to someone with dyslexia, or the most effective homework to set if a child needs to remember 20 chunks of knowledge from one lesson to the next. The document argues that defining such problems could help drive progress in education similar to how the Millennium Prize Problems have advanced mathematics.