The document outlines the concept of refuge areas in high-rise buildings, designed to provide safe shelter during emergencies like fires, earthquakes, and severe weather. It details the required characteristics of these areas, including size, fire resistance, ventilation, and accessibility, and describes various types such as fire refuge areas, emergency refuge areas, and those catering to individuals with disabilities. Emphasizing safety and compliance with local regulations, it highlights the importance of these zones in protecting occupants until help arrives.

1. Refuge area types and design
During calamities or disasters, people might seek shelter in specified indoor or
outdoor areas known as refuge areas, also referred to as safe havens. These
locations were created with the intention of protecting occupants from
dangers including fires, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, and other natural
or man-made calamities. We shall discuss the idea of refuge places, their
significance, and frequently asked questions about them in this article.
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What is a refuge area?
A high-rise building's designated "refuge area" is a place created especially for
emergencies like fires and other natural catastrophes to offer temporary
sanctuary to its tenants. These areas are usually found on levels where
residents cannot leave the building fast or where it could be safer for them to
remain for a while, such as those with fire-rated walls and doors.
Refuge zones are made to protect inhabitants from the immediate risks of a
fire, smoke, or other hazardous conditions and to give them a safe place to
wait until help arrives or they need to be evacuated. They frequently have fire-
resistant materials, ventilation systems, emergency lights, communication

2. systems, and perhaps even more fundamental amenities like water sources
and restrooms.
Depending on regional building standards and laws, refuge places may have
different precise requirements regarding things like their size and location. All
refuge locations, however, are made to offer people a secure haven to remain
in the event of an emergency until they can be rescued or evacuated to a safer
area.
Design of the refuge area
High-rise buildings' refuge spaces are made to give residents temporary shelter
in case of an emergency, especially during a fire or other natural catastrophes.
Some of the rules that apply to the refuge area in a high-rise building include
the following:
Location: All building occupants, including those with disabilities, should have
easy access to the refuge space, which should be situated close to any
potential hazards or emergencies.
Size: The refuge area needs to be big enough to hold all the people who will be
there in an emergency. Local building laws or regulations set the minimum size
for a refuge space.
Fire resistance: The shelter's walls, doors, and windows must all be fire-rated
and made of fire-resistant materials.
Ventilation: The refuge room needs to have a ventilation system that exhausts
smoke and other hazardous substances while also continuously supplying fresh
air.
Lighting: In the event of a power loss, emergency lighting that is triggered
should be installed in the refuge area.
Communication: A two-way communication system that links the refuge area
to the emergency services or the building's management team should be
installed.
Water supply: The refuge area needs water for both fighting fires and meeting
the basic requirements of the people.

3. Accessibility: In the event of an emergency, emergency workers such as
firefighters and paramedics may need to get to the refuge place.
Signage: To make it easy for residents to find the refuge location in an
emergency, it should be prominently designated with signage.
Types of refuge
The design and function of the facility, as well as local laws, may affect the kind
of refuge area needed. Some of the most typical types of refuge places are
listed below:
Fire refuge area: A defined area inside a building that is intended to shield
residents from fire or smoke is known as a "fire refuge area." Fire refuge
facilities are outfitted with fire-resistant structure, ventilation, and emergency
communication equipment and are frequently situated close to stairs or other
escapes.
Emergency refuge area: A defined place inside a structure known as an
emergency refuge area is intended to offer temporary shelter during
emergencies like earthquakes, floods, or severe weather. Emergency shelters,
which are frequently found on higher floors or roofs, are intended to protect
people from falling objects or building collapse.
Disability refuge space: This is a specific area inside a structure intended to
offer temporary sanctuary for people with disabilities in times of need.
Disability refuge zones frequently have wide doorways, grab bars, and
emergency communication systems and are situated close to stairwells or
elevators.
Hazardous materials refuge area: An space inside a building known as a
"hazardous materials refuge area" is set aside to safeguard residents from
dangerous substances like radioactive or chemical substances. Refuge zones
for hazardous items are frequently situated in safe parts of the structure and
have ventilation and emergency communication systems.
Storm refuge area: A designated section inside a structure called a "storm
refuge area" is intended to offer temporary protection against extreme
weather conditions like tornadoes or hurricanes. Storm refuge zones are

4. frequently found on the ground floor of the structure and are made to shield
occupants from wind and flying objects.
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