Design problem statement: What is the best way for delivering health-related information accurately to the elderly? In order To have a better understand target demographic, Hong Kong elderly people. Three research methodologies are used in this research process; those are survey, interview and task analysis. After collecting qualitative and quantitative data, we analyze, categorize and find patterns of information obtained .insights are generated according to the analysis and remarks to provide support and help for design.

1. Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
LI
Yuhui
11537306g
CHEN
Di
11550119g
WEI
Yanfang
11550120g
XI
Jiutian
11550132g

2. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Table
of
Contents
1.
INTRODUCTION
...........................................................................................................................
3
2.
SECONDARY
RESEARCH
............................................................................................................
4
2.1
OVERVIEW
...................................................................................................................................................
4
2.2
TOPICS
1
WHAT
STATISTICS
CAN
BE
FOUND
TO
BETTER
UNDERSTAND
THIS
TARGET
GROUP
?
.
4
2.3
TOPICS
2
WHERE
DO
THE
ELDERLY
AND
THEIR
FAMILIES
LOOK
FOR
HEALTH
...............................
5
2.4
TOPICS
3
SOMETHING
ABOUT
THE
LIMITATIONS:
................................................................................
6
3.
SURVEY
...........................................................................................................................................
7
3.1
REASON
FOR
SELECTION
SURVEY
............................................................................................................
7
3.2
SURVEY
PLAN
..............................................................................................................................................
7
3.3
DETAILED
PROCESS:
..................................................................................................................................
7
3.4
FINDINGS:
....................................................................................................................................................
8
3.4.1
About
Tools:
..........................................................................................................................................
8
3.4.2
About
Health-­‐related
Information:
............................................................................................
9
3.4.3
About
Demographic:
.........................................................................................................................
9
3.5
CHALLENGES
AND
FUTURE
RECOMMENDATIONS:
.............................................................................
10
3.6
INSIGHTS
...................................................................................................................................................
10
4.
INTERVIEW
................................................................................................................................
10
4.1
INTRODUCTION
..................................................................................................................................
10
4.2
PROCESS
.................................................................................................................................................
11
4.2.1
Test
Run
...............................................................................................................................................
11
4.2.2
Data
Collection
.................................................................................................................................
11
4.2.3
Data
Analysis
....................................................................................................................................
11
4.3
FINDINGS
...............................................................................................................................................
11
4.4
CHALLENGE
AND
FUTURE
RECOMMENDATION
.................................................................
13
4.4.1
Challenge
............................................................................................................................................
13
4.4.2
Future
recommendation
..............................................................................................................
14
4.5
INSIGHTS
...................................................................................................................................................
14
5.
TASK
ANALYSIS
........................................................................................................................
14
5.1
SUMMARY
..................................................................................................................................................
14
5.2
TEST
DESCRIPTION
..................................................................................................................................
15
5.3
CASE
DESCRIPTION
&
REMARKS
..........................................................................................................
15
5.3.1
Case
1:
..................................................................................................................................................
15
5.3.2
Case
2:
..................................................................................................................................................
16
5.3.3
Case
3:
..................................................................................................................................................
17
5.4
REMARKS
ANALYSIS
................................................................................................................................
18
5.5
INSIGHTS
...................................................................................................................................................
18
REFERENCE:
...................................................................................................................................
20
APPENDIX:
......................................................................................................................................
22
1.
SURVEY
FORM
-­‐
DATA
STATISTICS
.........................................................................................................
22
2.
RESPONSES
MATRIX
..................................................................................................................................
22
2

3. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
1.
Introduction
According
to
the
“Hong
Kong
Population
Projections
2010-­‐2039”,
According
to
the
“Hong
Kong
population
projections
2010-­‐2039”,
published
by
Hong
Kong
Census
and
Statistics
Department,
Hong
Kong
is
facing
with
the
growing
aged
population,
and
the
percentage
of
elderly
people
will
increase
to
28%
in
2039.
Therefore,
how
to
provide
better
support
to
improve
elderly
people’s
quality
of
life
and
wellbeing,
becomes
an
increasingly
significant
issue
in
the
whole
society.
As
conducting
the
secondary
research
on
current
situation
of
elderly
people
living
in
Hong
Kong,
we
found
that
there
are
tons
of
health-­‐related
information
and
support
from
government
and
non-­‐government
organization
delivered
to
the
elders
every
day.
Lack
of
content,
therefore,
is
not
a
primary
problems
and
barriers
for
elderly
to
get
health-­‐related
information.
In
contrast,
approaches
and
channels
and
the
extent
that
they
get
and
digest
those
information,
play
increasing
important
roles
in
the
relationship
between
elderly
people
and
health-­‐related
information.
Based
on
the
secondary
research,
we
come
to
our
design
problem
statement:
What
is
the
best
way
for
delivering
health-­‐related
information
accurately
to
the
elderly?
In
order
to
better
understand
our
target
demographic,
Hong
Kong
elderly
people,
three
research
methodologies
are
used
in
the
research
process,
those
are
survey,
interview
and
task
analysis.
After
collecting
qualitative
and
quantitative
data,
we
analyze,
categorize
and
find
patterns
of
information
obtained.
Insights
are
generated
according
to
the
analysis
and
remarks
to
provide
support
and
help
for
design.
3

4. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
2. Secondary
Research
2.1
Overview
Caring
for
an
elderly
is
now
become
a
hot
topic
and
a
major
social
concern,
but
presents
difficult
challenges.
This
program
will
be
accomplished
by
conducting
research
to
improve
the
understanding
of
elderly
motivation
across
a
broad
range
of
health-­‐related
behaviors,
and
using
this
knowledge
to
develop
more
effective
and
economical
behavioral
interventions
and
ultimately
improve
the
health
of
this
target
demographic.
2.2
Topics
1:
What
statistics
can
be
found
to
better
understand
this
target
group?
2.2.1
Population
65+
The
Hong
Kong
population
is
ageing.
The
proportion
of
the
population
aged
65
and
over
has
increased.
At
the
mid
of
2008,
the
population
of
elderly
persons
aged
above
65
is
12.6%
(0.88
million)
of
the
total
population
in
HK.
It
is
estimated
that
in
2016
and
2033,
the
percentage
will
increase
to
14%
and
27%
respectively.
What’s
more,
according
to
the
United
Nations,
the
elderly
population
is
growing
at
its
fastest
rate
ever.
Explore
the
population
change
to
learn
more
about
how
the
populations
of
this
target
group
will
grow
and
change
over
time
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5].
2.2.2 Retirement
&
Communities
The
life
of
Elderly
in
Hong
Kong
has
another
side:
retirement
but
most
of
the
elderly
also
have
to
making
money
to
maintain
their
living.
According
to
a
statistic,
it
is
said,
one
in
three
elderly
leading
an
extremely
poor
life
in
Hong
Kong.
Over
80%
of
the
elderly
persons
were
living
on
savings
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10].
2.2.3 Living
Conditions
The
living
arrangements
of
the
older
population
also
reflect
factors
other
than
marital
status,
such
as
their
health
status,
socioeconomic
situation,
and
family
and
cultural.
According
to
the
statistic
profile
from
the
year
of
2001
(222,000)
to
2006
(279,400),
the
singleton
elderly
and
older
couples
who
live
together
has
increased
26%.
Although
most
of
the
elderly
persons
are
still
living
with
their
4

5. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
families
(around
74.1%
of
the
elderly
population),
more
and
more
of
them
are
either
living
alone
(11.6%)
or
living
with
their
spouse
only
(21.2%)
[11]
[12]
[13].
2.2.4 Health-­‐Related
Problem
Most
elderly
persons
are
still
healthy
with
over
70%
of
them
are
suffering
from
one
kind
of
or
more
chronic
illnesses.
Among
them,
the
most
common
illnesses
include
hypertension,
arthritis,
ophthalmology
problems,
and
diabetes.
And
the
three
main
causes
of
mortality
in
the
Hong
Kong
Chinese
population
are
cancer,
ischemic
heart
disease,
and
stroke
[14]
[15]
[16].
2.2.5
Others
Social
Service
The
Hong
Kong
Government
provides
a
wide
variety
of
social
services
and
benefits
to
the
elders,
including
Community
Care
and
Support
Services,
Residential
Care
Services
and
Social
Security.
Combined
with
non-­‐governmental
support
services,
these
measures
ensure
that
the
elders
receive
the
help
they
need
[17]
[18].
Finance
Hong
Kong
has
established
a
dual
medical
economy
in
which
the
government
has
been
significantly
involved
in
both
the
funding
and
provision
of
health
services
mainly
through
tax
financing,
whereas
the
private
sector
operates
in
a
loosely
organized
manner
as
individual
clinics
that
dominate
or
populate
the
ambulatory
care
sector
[19]
[20]
[21].
Education
Not
only
the
Hong
Kong
government
set
up
many
programmer
for
elderly,
many
Institute
also
encouraging
the
elderly
to
pursue
lifelong
education
so
as
to
advance
with
the
society,
and
fully
develop
their
potentials.
Take
to
internater
usage
for
example;
the
number
of
seniors
using
the
Internet
has
risen
to
17.5
million
in
November
2009
from
11.3
million
in
November
2004,
according
to
Nielsen
data
[22]
[23]
[25].
2.3
Topics
2:
Where
do
the
elderly
and
their
families
look
for
health
Elderly
also
lived
in
an
information
environment
where
the
daily
news
media
5

6. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
were
the
most
important
information
sources.
Based
on
the
research,
over
90%
reported
having
used
(specified
as
read,
watched,
listened
to,
or
asked)
the
newspaper
every
day.
Newspapers,
followed
by
the
television,
were
most
commonly
used
every
day
among
the
oldest
(aged
56-­‐65).
News
on
the
television
and
on
the
radio,
with
around
70%
of
respondents
claiming
to
be
daily
users.
Other
radio
programmers
and
persons
close
by
were
in
fourth
and
fifth
place.
2.4
Topics
3:
Something
about
the
limitations
• Here
summarize
some
factors
creating
barriers
between
the
elderly
to
have
a
preferred
experience
towards
products
or
service:
• Difficulty
in
using
medical
terminology
• Lack
of
communication
skills
• Arrogant
attitude
• Lack
of
time
• Lack
of
information
• Facing
too
many
choice
cause
confusion
• Suffering
from
memory
problems.
• It
should
be
more,
but
these
listed
above
may
easily
affect
them
to
utilize
the
product
and
service.
6

7. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
3.
Survey
3.1
Reason
for
Selection
Survey
Health
related
information
—
the
possible
channels
and
ability
to
obtain,
process,
and
well
understand
these
basic
health
information
and
services
to
make
appropriate
health
decisions
—
is
essential
to
promote
health
situation
for
the
elderly.
This
survey
aims
at
collecting
the
quantitative
data
from
the
elderly
according
to
the
goals
of
our
design
problem.
The
survey
form
been
designed
with
different
goals
in
three
survey
sections
based
on
the
logistical
concept
about
the
collection
processes.
3.2
Survey
Plan
After
our
group
decided
the
first
methodology
is
survey
(actually,
it
is
more
like
a
questionnaire)
and
went
through
the
test
run
stage,
modified
survey
form
to
make
sure
it
could
help
us
achieve
the
basic
aim.
Then
we
planned
the
survey
like:
Target:
elderly
65+
Numbers:
A
total
of
30
participants
Questions:
About
13
questions
in
this
survey
focused
on
the
three
perspectives
of
health-­‐related
information
had
on
participants'
decision
making
Aim:
finish
questionnaire
then
we
could
analysis
the
data
to
find
out
what
elderly
people
think
about
the
health-­‐related
information,
the
tools
or
channel
they
often
used
and
also
the
accuracy
of
the
information.
3.3
Detailed
Process:
According
to
the
logistical
concept
about
the
collection
processes
towards
this
survey
form
design,
it
can
be
considered
conclude
three
sections:
Section
1:
Tools
Variable
Goal
1:
To
understand
how
many
different
kinds
of
tools
can
best
serve
the
elderly?
Identify
preferences
for
the
existing
tools
/
media
/channels.
Identify
the
rate
of
recurrence
of
the
chosen
tool.
Section
2:
Health-­‐related
Information
Variable
Goal
2:
To
assess
the
range
of
health
information-­‐seeking
behaviors
of
intermediaries
and
individuals.
7

8. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Identify
the
sources
-­‐
where
they
can
get
the
health-­‐related
information.
Identify
the
contents
-­‐
what
are
the
information
they
care
about..
Discover
when
they
would
use
these
health
information
and
why.
Section
3:
Demographic
Variable
Goal
3:
To
investigate
the
user
information,
get
more
data
from
user
preference.
Explore
users'
patterns
for
searching.
Validate
approach
of
education
degrees.
Identify
differences
between
users'
expressed
preferences
for
seeking
health
information
and
their
actual
performance.
Open
end
opinion
about
the
tools
or
any
other
improvements.
3.4
Findings
3.4.1
Tools
Obviously,
compared
with
the
digital
device,
elderly
are
more
likely
prefer
to
use
the
traditional
tools
like
TV,
newspapers,
radios.
Based
on
our
survey
results
radio
is
the
most
commonly
used
tool
in
everyday
life
among
the
Hong
Kong
elderly.
Followed
by
the
newspapers,
television
and
magazines.
Information
that
suggested
by
some
close
friends,
families
or
relatives
are
also
ranking
at
the
top
5.
Fig.
1
8

9. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
3.4.2
Health-­‐related
Information
• Day
care
tips
or
recommends
daily
activities
be
easily
for
elderly
people
to
generate
the
feeling
of
resonating.
How
to
form
healthy
eating
habits
is
also
could
be
a
heated
elective
item
in
the
form.
What’s
more,
the
financial
cost
elderly
spent
on
their
own
or
the
proportion
in
all
their
spending
is
also
arose
the
general
attention
which
means
there
might
be
involved
an
interesting
research
topic.
• All
most
all
the
elderly
claimed
that
health
information
or
related
information
are
important,
but
when
turned
to
the
trust
rate
of
these
information
that
they
gathered
form
different
channels,
the
rate
was
stayed
between
4(low
rate
of
trust)
–
6(just
medium)
Here
shows
most
elderly
just
not
lain
their
belief
into
these
information.
• Another
interesting
finding
is
when
comes
to
the
favorite
forms
of
information
display,
more
female
that
men
choice
their
favorite
form
by
using
small
videos,
male
are
more
into
just
using
words
to
show
the
necessary
information.
• Health
assessments
are
been
required
in
the
form
that
like
“
what
kind
of
additional
service
or
info
that
you
still
want
to
achieve?”
3.4.3
Demographic
• Due
to
the
limitation
of
the
interviewee
and
the
number
of
attributes
priorities,
the
situation
of
Hong
Kong
elderly
is
not
that
good.
Low
income,
and
limited
educational
backgrounds
and
possible
most
of
them
are
still
working.
• In
some
extended,
the
education
level
may
be
have
another
great
impact
on
elderly
how
to
search
and
get
for
what
or
how
they
get
it.
Have
a
good
understanding
of
information
or
evaluate
information
–
are
closely
related
to
their
management
of
health
care
and
also
did
some
performance
of
the
task
analysis
coming
next.
9

10. Report
of
Research
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Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
3.5
Challenges
and
future
recommendations
• It
is
a
natural
thing
for
the
elderly,
they
often
resist
in
using
electronic
equipment
and
there
is
kind
of
fear
emotion
behind
it.
• However,
the
majority
of
elderly
did
not
use
the
Internet
or
any
other
latest
technology
to
search
for
information
source
to
prepare
for
health
care.
• When
we
conducted
our
survey,
there
was
kind
of
lack
of
communication
skills
between
us
and
the
elderly.
Because
we
are
not
that
familiar
with
Cantonese,
although
we
already
make
our
survey
questionnaire
in
to
Cantonese.
Hope
it
will
help.
The
feedback
is
yes,
but
we
think
it
is
still
a
little
bit
understanding
problem.
• Recommendation:
you
can
take
it
for
granted
that
it
is
lack
access
to
the
Internet
among
the
elderly.
So
teaching
might
not
that
helpful,
here
suggests
that
find
a
way
to
increase
elderly’s
willingness
to
use
the
information
3.6
Insights
• Reduced
reluctance
to
use
digital
device
and
increased
willingness
to
use
the
Internet
and
other
new
media
to
have
fun
and
find
health
information
• Increased
credit
of
all
kinds
health-­‐related
information
to
gain
the
trust
• Adoption
of
a
more
active
role
in
managing
their
health
care
• Decreased
the
barriers
for
elderly
to
get
the
accurate
experience
towards
products
and
other
services
or
design
4.
Interview
4.1
Introduction
Several
one-­‐to-­‐one
interviews
were
conducted
based
on
the
secondary
research
and
survey,
to
gather
detail
information
on
elderly’s
current
perception,
situation
of
gaining
health-­‐related
information
in
Hong
Kong.
Four
elderly
people
living
in
Hong
Kong
were
invited
to
participate
in
one-­‐to-­‐one
interviews
respectively.
Here
is
some
of
their
personal
information:
Mrs.
Law
Mrs.
Chan
Mr.
Chan
Mr.
Chow
Age
57
62
65
63
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of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Occupation
Security
Retired
Security
Security
Guard
Guard
Guard
During
the
interviews,
interviewees
were
asked
to
share
their
values
on
healthy
information,
experiences
of
how
they
access
to
and
deal
with
those
information,
as
well
as
connection
between
such
information
and
their
daily
life.
4.2
Process
4.2.1
Test
Run
We
carried
out
test
runs
before
conducting
formal
interview.
After
going
through
the
test
run,
we
found
that
elderly
people
tended
to
better
understand
and
answer
based
on
scenarios.
Thereby,
we
modified
and
refined
our
questions
into
more
concrete
and
context-­‐based
one.
4.2.2
Data
Collection
Tape
record
the
entire
interview
and
take
notes
at
the
same
time.
Later
review
the
tape
and
notes,
and
transcribe
the
tapes,
but
not
transcribed
word
for
word.
The
transcribed
text
then
becomes
the
data
that
are
analyzed.
4.2.3
Data
Analysis
After
transcribing
the
tape,
we
used
responses
matrix
to
analyze
answers
obtained.
Remarks
were
made
based
on
reflection
and
interpretation
on
responses
from
interviewees.
4.3
Findings
Values
and
attitudes
on
health-­‐related
information:
All
of
them
find
health-­‐related
information
is
important,
however,
not
all
of
them
said
they
would
look
for
such
information.
Lots
of
aged
people
in
Hong
Kong
still
work
even
after
retirement,
and
that
makes
them
have
less
time
to
look
for
or
care
about
healthy
information.
Some
guards
are
not
allowed
to
read
any
things
irrelevant
to
the
job
nor
listen
to
radio,
when
they
are
on
duty.
At
the
same
time,
some
feel
it
is
irrelevant
to
them
since
they
are
still
young
and
healthy
enough.
For
those
who
pay
attention
to
the
health-­‐related
information,
in
fact,
they
are
passively
exposed
to
the
information
instead
of
seeking
actively.
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Research
and
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Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Accessible
channels
and
Preferences:
From
data
obtained
through
questionnaire
as
well
as
the
secondary
research,
we
have
general
and
basic
understanding
towards
the
preferred
tools.
Predictably,
newspaper,
magazines,
and
TV
are
still
chose
by
interviewees
as
the
usual
mediums
to
get
information.
By
chatting
with
them,
we
found
that
elderly
people
gain
information
mostly
from
free
newspaper.
Every
day
4-­‐5
free
newspaper
would
be
sent
to
their
home,
and
they
think
there
is
no
need
and
worth
to
buy
other
newspapers.
They
do
not
stick
to
specific
newspaper,
but
consider
of
its
convenience.
As
for
TV,
elderly
people
show
no
interest
in
health-­‐related
program,
and
claim
that
the
most
primary
way
for
them
to
get
health
information
from
TV
is
advertisements.
However,
radio
gets
less
votes
than
expect.
Radios
are
not
commonly
seen
in
their
home.
Some
of
them
tend
to
relate
radio
to
horserace
gambling
program.
We
also
found
that
leaflet
and
flyer
are
accessible
to
aged
people,
and
they
would
read
through
them
in
spare
time
and
keep
them.
Besides,
there
are
many
lectures
organized
by
government
or
company
held
in
community
especially
for
elderly
people.
The
lectures
are
not
attractive
to
the
working
elderly,
because
they
think
it
is
really
time-­‐consuming.
Surprisingly,
the
majority
of
them
gets
helpful
and
detail
medicine
support
and
information
from
pharmaceutics
in
drugstore
instead
of
doctor
in
hospital
or
clinic.
Due
to
the
limited
time
and
business
reasons,
doctor
fails
or
rejects
to
offer
detail
information,
such
as
what
should
be
pay
attention
in
terms
of
food
in
daily
life,
side
effects
etc.
Elderly
people,
therefore,
choose
to
ask
druggists,
friends
or
family
member.
Nearly
all
of
their
healthy
medicine,
food
and
products
are
bought
by
their
children.
They
do
not
know
much
about
differences
among
different
brands
and
products.
Normally,
they
think
highly
of
recommendations
heard
from
friends
and
family.
They
choose
health
care
products
based
on
choices
and
experiences
of
imitates
instead
of
advertisements.
Interestingly,
soup
is
regarded
as
health
care
food
in
Hong
Kong.
And
information
about
healthy
recipe
is
not
gained
through
TV,
but
other
people,
such
as
shopkeepers
in
wet
market
and
friends.
Most
of
them
do
not
learn
new
recipe,
and
some
of
them
prefer
to
buy
well-­‐prepared
soup
bags.
Speaking
of
computers,
most
of
them
have
the
experience
of
using
computer
mainly
for
watching
TV
drama
and
reading
news.
However,
lots
of
elderly
feel
it
complex
and
unnecessary
to
learn
how
to
use,
complain
about
its
font
size,
and
show
different
degrees
of
excludability
towards
digital
products.
But
there
is
still
some
elderly
hold
positive
opinions
that
computer
and
internet
can
provide
much
more
information
than
any
other
medium.
On
the
other
hand,
newspaper,
12

13. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
magazines
and
flyers
win
their
hearts
for
its
capability
to
be
kept
for
long
time
when
compared
with
computer.
How
to
deal
with
health-­‐related
information:
When
reading,
watching
or
listening
health-­‐related
information,
elderly
people
focus
on
specific
information
has
close
connection
to
their
own
conditions
rather
than
browse
all
kinds
of
information
roughly.
Elderly
people
have
clear
target
when
facing
information,
and
usually
have
purpose
and
motives.
Some
read
the
same
articles
repeatedly,
but
are
not
eager
for
latest
information.
And
they
pay
more
attention
to
the
solutions
compared
with
preventives.
After
getting
suggestions
or
advice,
they
find
it
is
hard
for
them
to
follow
and
persist.
Take
for
as
an
example,
Mrs.
Chan
said
it
is
difficult
to
take
notes
from
those
TV
programs
in
time.
Thus,
they
seldom
would
take
those
methods
into
practice.
Even
though,
they
feel
it
is
worthy
and
beneficial
to
know
such
information.
They
have
no
big
problem
with
the
medicine
instructions.
Most
of
them
think
that
the
instructions
from
doctors
or
on
the
drug
packages
are
clear
enough
for
them
to
deal
with
medicines
on
their
own.
They
lay
more
trust
on
information
delivered
through
news
compared
with
those
programs,
especially
programs
contained
business
elements.
Similarly,
they
accept
lectures
organized
by
government
and
information
explaining
disease
causes,
but
have
sense
of
rejection
towards
information
about
certain
products.
4.4
Challenge
and
future
recommendation
4.4.1
Challenge
Some
elderly
people
are
sensitive
about
health-­‐related
problems,
and
may
feel
offended
by
some
questions.
Therefore,
we
need
to
be
careful
about
usage
of
words
and
expressions
to
comfort
them.
However,
it
is
hard
to
find
balance
between
asking
question
directly
and
keeping
them
feel
comfortable.
The
second
challenge
is
the
limitation
of
time
as
well
as
the
types
and
quantity
of
interviewees.
As
student
come
from
mainland,
we
fail
to
contact
numerous
Hong
Kong
local
interviewees,
that
is
why
the
main
interviewee
source
for
us
is
the
security
guards
work
in
where
we
live.
This
narrows
down
the
targets
and
cannot
generate
all-­‐sided
comprehensions.
And
because
of
the
limited
time,
interviews
have
drawbacks
in
terms
of
quantity
and
depth.
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Elderly
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Health-­‐related
Information
4.4.2
Future
recommendation
• Interviewee:
Find
other
types
of
interviewees.
Working
as
security
guard,
elderly
people
seldom
have
spare
time.
Health-­‐related
information
may
have
different
meanings
or
play
different
role
in
others’
life.
• Get
deeper
understand
on
their
daily
life:
The
title
of
health-­‐related
information
may
have
set
boundaries
to
interviewees.
Find
ways
to
explore
more
about
how
they
get
other
information
as
usual,
and
make
comparison
with
those
for
health-­‐related
information,
find
differences
and
ask
why.
4.5
Insights
• Information
would
better
obtained
if
they
merge
into
elderly’s
life
instead
of
arising
their
awareness
to
get
information
actively.
• Information
in
storable
forms
would
be
more
suitable
for
elderly
people.
• Information
delivered
by
trustable
organization
or
authority
enhances
the
information
creditability.
• Information
can
also
be
effectively
delivered
to
elderly
people
indirectly
through
their
children.
• Healthy
information
divided
into
different
degrees
would
avoid
discouragements
and
be
better
followed
by
wide
range
of
elderly
people.
5.
Task
analysis
5.1
Summary
To
compare
the
design
of
current
information
sources
to
the
elderly’s
operating
capability
and
their
needs
and
wants,
we
use
task
analysis
based
on
our
previous
research
results
as
a
guide.
The
project
team
tests
and
observes
with
a
number
of
people
for
health
information
online
searching.
After
the
task
journey,
the
data
is
analyzed
for
needs
and
insights,
which
are
then
generate
the
problem
and
optimize
the
interaction.
During
the
task
analysis
process,
we
have
been
focused
on
our
target
group,
Hong
Kong
local
elderly.
Three
cases
of
task
analysis
have
been
taken
with
audio
and
video
recording.
Each
cases
last
about
half
hours.
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15. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
After
the
task
performance,
the
project
team
reviews
the
recording
and
then
remark
each
findings
in
case
of
bringing
out
the
insights.
5.2
Test
description
Participants:
3
Hong
Kong
elderlies,
2
male
and
1
female,
age
60-­‐70
Materials:
A
computer
with
screen
recording
software
and
audio
recording
Online
Resources:
Search
Engine(Google)
&
http://www.39.net/（39健康網）
Procedure:
1. Choose
task
depends
on
previous
interview.
2. Tell
participant
the
scenario
of
the
task.
3. Tell
participant
the
task.
4. Make
sure
of
they
understand
the
task
5. Ask
them
to
out
loud
what
they
are
thinking
during
the
task
6. Observe
the
whole
task
journey
(with
a
screen
recorder)
5.3
Case
Description
&
Remarks
5.3.1
Case
1
Beginner
User：Mrs.
Chan
is
a
retired
housewife.
She
is
62.
She
just
using
computer
for
watching
online
TV
episode
and
has
little
experience
in
other
computer
operating.
She
cannot
type.
Observation
Remarks
When
browse
the
health
website,
Mrs.
Chan
never
use
the
(R1)Elderly
do
not
have
the
clear
“Back”
and
“Forward”
button.
She
just
check
the
information
understanding
of
website
architecture.
It’s
a
randomly
and
aimlessly.
one-­‐direction
browse.
She
preferred
to
click
the
relevance
article(linkage
URL)
in
(R2)
Relevance
article
and
Key
words
linkage
the
article
to
go
to
another
page.
URL
is
very
important
for
elderly
to
process
browsing.
She
could
not
typing.
So
she
can’t
using
any
search
engine
or
(R3)
Typing
largely
limited
the
capability
for
dialog
box
to
search
the
information.
elderly
to
search.
Their
online
process
thus
extremely
passive.
She
could
not
read
majority
of
text
since
the
small
fonts.
(R4)
Small
fonts
is
a
typical
problem
for
elderly
for
online
browsing.
She
could
not
using
the
scroll
bar
and
scroll
wheel.
So
she
can
(R5)
Elderly
lack
the
basic
knowledge
of
only
read
the
default
page
area
of
the
screen.
computer
operating.
Current
means
are
complicated
for
them
to
use.
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16. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Compare
to
text
linkage,
she
prefer
to
click
the
button
linkage.
(R6)
Since
the
clear
difference
with
the
other
content,
button
give
the
elderly
better
understanding
of
turning
to
other
page.
She
do
not
clearly
understanding
somewhere
in
the
webpage
(R5)
whether
can
click
or
not.
Therefore
she
confuse
about
why
click
somewhere
do
not
have
the
feedback.
Color
help
her
a
lot
for
differentiation.
5.3.2
Case
2
Intermediate
User:
Mr.
Chan
retired
but
still
working
as
a
security
guard.
He
is
65.
He
would
sometimes
search
the
interesting
information
by
internet.
He
can't
typing.
Observation
Remarks
Mr.
Chan
can’t
typing,
so
he
can’t
using
typical
search
engine.
(R7)
Mouse
writing
function
give
the
But
he
can
use
the
Yahoo’s
mouse-­‐writing
input
function
to
opportunities
for
elderly
who
could
not
typing
accomplish
the
search.
to
actively
obtain
the
information.
He
operate
the
computer
very
slowly.
Therefore
he
love
to
(R8)Auto-­‐suggestion
function
accelerates
the
use
auto-­‐suggestion
function
of
website.
operating
time
for
the
elderly.
When
browse
the
health
website,
Mr.
Chan
said
he
prefer
to
(R3)
do
“Health
Q&A”.
But
when
he
find
out
it’s
need
typing,
things
get
trapped.
Throughout
the
whole
process.
The
click
rate
of
button
more
(R6)
than
text
linkage
a
lot.
When
he
did
search
in
Yahoo,
he
prefer
to
click
the
first
(R9)
Elderly
‘s
information
browse
speed
and
article.
His
judgement
based
on
the
keywords.
instant
memory
are
weak.
He
said
he
prefer
to
watch
the
video.
But
he
could
not
find
the
(R10)
Elderly
do
not
know
the
differences
video
by
searching.
And
he
do
not
know
any
video-­‐sharing
between
websites.
They
could
not
efficiently
website.
get
the
right
information
by
specific
website.
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17. Report
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Research
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Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
He
can
only
use
the
scroll
bar
instead
of
scroll
wheel.
The
(R5)
auto-­‐hide
scroll
bar
make
him
confuse
a
lot.
He
complain
about
the
small
text.
It’s
hard
for
them
to
find
(R11)
Small
fonts
and
Huge
mount
of
out
useful
information.
information
prevent
the
efficient
browning
for
elderly.
5.3.3
Case
3
Advanced
User:
Mr.
Lee
is
a
retired
lawyer.
He
is
70.
He
has
the
proficient
experiences
in
using
computer
and
searching
information
through
Internet.
Observation
Remarks
It
is
hard
for
Mr.
Lee
to
find
the
evaluate
health
information
in
(R12)
It’s
hard
to
find
Hong
Kong
local
Hong
Kong
website.
Most
Hong
kong
local
health
sites
based
comprehensive
health
information
website.
on
a
small
number
of
news
&
articles.
And
there
is
no
any
health
information
category.
By
using
health
information
website
in
mainland
China
site,
it
(R13)
Language
limits
elderly
to
use
website
in
difficulty
for
Mr.
Lee
to
read
simplified
Chinese
characters.
other
region.
By
using
health
information
website
in
mainland
China
site,
it
(R14)
It’s
hard
to
find
Hong
Kong-­‐related
difficulty
for
Mr.
Lee
to
find
the
Hong
Kong-­‐related
health
health
information
on
internet.
information.
Mr.
Lee’s
expectations
about
online
searching
is
weak.
He
just
(R15)
Elderly
suspected
the
authenticity
of
want
a
general
understanding
of
basic
information.
network
information.
In
addition,
the
large
number
of
search
results
include
advertising
interfere
users
to
access
accurate
health
information
efficiently.
Mr.
Lee
always
distracts
by
the
irrelevant
news
or
(R16)
When
users
search
for
health
information
and
then
search
the
irrelevant
topics.
information,
They
always
distract
by
the
irrelevant
topic
or
information.
Causing
task
transfer
to
the
wrong
direction.
After
searching,
Mr.
Lee
failed
to
get
the
health
information
(R17)
No
authoritative
health
information
what
he
expect
to
find
out.
He
can
only
get
few
fragmented
Website
in
Hong
Kong.
information.
He
complain
about
that
there
is
no
authoritative
health
information
Website
for
searching.
(R18)
It’s
hard
for
elderly
to
find
valuable
health
information
by
online.
When
we
ask
Mr.
Lee
try
to
use
the
health-­‐related
application
(R19)
Current
health-­‐related
application
and
in
smart
phone.
Mr.
Lee
could
not
find
anything
he
want
to
e-­‐payment
process
are
not
well
designed
for
know
on
it.
He
do
not
know
how
to
buy
app
in
the
app
elderly.
market.
Even
the
app
is
already
been
downloaded,
he
do
not
know
how
to
use.
(R20)
There
are
not
much
health-­‐related
app
in
17

18. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
app
store
which
provide
Chinese(traditional)
version
which
elderly
can
use.
5.4
Remarks
Analysis
5.5
Insights
(S1)
Elderly
admit
the
significance
of
health
information,
but
seldom
of
them
would
actively
search
the
health-­‐related
information
through
Internet.
(S2)
Elderly
incline
a
one-­‐direction
browsing
process.
(S3)
Elderly
prefer
large
fonts
and
button
linkage.
(S4)
Huge
amount
of
information
in
one
page
would
make
elderly
confusing.
(S5)
Many
elderly
lack
the
basic
knowledge
of
computer
operating
and
Internet
term.
(S6)
Mouse-­‐writing
and
Autosuggestion
function
helps
elderly
a
lot.
(S7)
Hong
Kong
do
not
have
the
comprehensive
health
information
website
and
authoritative
health
information
Website.
(S8)
Language
limited
elderly
in
using
worldwide
health-­‐related
website.
(S9)
Authenticity
of
Internet
information
and
commercial
advertising
make
the
elderly
suspect
the
accuracy
of
information.
(S10)
It’s
hard
for
elderly
to
find
valuable
health
information
by
online.
18

19. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
(S11)
Current
health-­‐related
application
in
smart
phone
or
tablet
is
not
well
designed
for
elderly.
(S12)
Typing
is
the
major
barrier
for
elderly
actively
searching.
(S13)
Elderly
‘s
Internet
browsing
is
not
an
active
process.
Therefore
it’s
hard
to
differentiate
computers
to
other
sources
as
the
elderly’s
information
sources.
19

20. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Reference:
[1]
Population
Division
of
the
Department
of
Economic
and
Social
Affairs
of
the
United
Nations
Secretariat,
World
Population
Prospects,
Hong
Kong
SAR
http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/P-­‐WPP/htm/PWPP_Population-­‐Age_65Plus.htm
Probabilistic
Projections:
Population
age
65
and
over
(thousands)
Population
projections
based
on
probabilistic
projections
of
total
fertility
from
the
2010
Revision,China
[2]
Population
Bulletin
63,
no.
4
(2008),
Warren
Sanderson
and
Sergei
Scherbov,
“Rethinking
Age
and
Aging,”
A
publication
of
the
Population
Reference
Bureau
informs
people
around
the
world
about
population,
health,
and
the
environment,
and
empowers
them
to
use
that
information
to
advance
the
well-­‐being
of
current
and
future
generations.
/
PDF.file.
[3]
Hong
Kong
Demographics
Information
2010
http://re-­‐discoverhongkong.com/966/hong-­‐kong-­‐demographics-­‐profile-­‐2010/
[4]
http://lib.hku.hk/hkspc/pathfinders/HKStatistics/Population.pdf
[5]http://www.gov.hk/en/residents/housing/socialservices/elderly/
[6]Boomers'
'Delusion'
About
Health
In
Retirement
http://www.npr.org/2011/09/28/140853479/boomers-­‐delusion-­‐about-­‐health-­‐in-­‐
retirement
[7]
News
report
http://news.xinhuanet.com/mrdx/2011-­‐07/11/c_13977458.htm
[8]
News
report
http://www.ltxjob.com/News/Newshow/201107071540145916311.html
[9]
News
report
http://trans.wenweipo.com/gb/paper.wenweipo.com/2010/08/01/HK100801002
9.htm
[10]
News
report
http://news.sohu.com/20061127/n246642166.shtml
[11]The
Hong
Kong
Council
of
Social
Service
http://www.hkcss.org.hk/pra/policybulletin/pb03/PB_finalversion.pdf
PB_finalversion.pdf
[11]
Iris
Chi
and
Nelson
Chow
,
HOUSING
AND
FAMILY
CARE
FOR
THE
ELDERLY
IN
HONG
KONG
,PDF
.file.
[12
]Hung
Wong
,
Quality
of
Life
of
Poor
People
Living
in
Remote
Areas
in
Hong
Kong
,PDF
.file.
[13]Prof.
Francis
K.
W.
Wong
Professor,
Department
of
Building
and
Real
Estate,Elderly
Housing
in
Hong
Kong–
Affordability
&
Preference,
PDF
.file.
[14]
E.
M.
C.
Lau,1
J.
Woo,2
H.
Chan,2
M.
K.
F.
Chan,1
J.
Griffith,3
Y.
H.
Chan,1
P.
C.
Leung4
1Department
of
Community
and
Family
Medicine,
Lek
Yuen
Health
Centre,
The
Chinese
University
of
Hong
Kong,
Shatin,
N.T.,
Hong
Kong
2Department
of
Medicine,
The
Chinese
University
of
Hong
Kong,
Shatin,
N.T.,
Hong
Kong
3Department
of
Diagnostic
Radiology
and
Organ
Imaging,
The
Chinese
University
of
Hong
Kong,
Shatin,
N.T.,
Hong
Kong
4Department
of
Orthopaedics
and
Traumatology,
The
20

21. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Chinese
University
of
Hong
Kong,
Shatin,
N.T.,
Hong
Kong,The
Health
Consequences
of
Vertebral
Deformity
in
Elderly
Chinese
Men
and
Women,
Clinical
Investigations
[15]Shui-­‐kum
Lam,
The
Health
of
the
Elderly
in
Hong
Kong
,PDF
.file.
[16J
Woo,
Nutrition
and
health
issues
in
the
general
Hong
Kong
population,
PDF
.file.
[17]http://www.gov.hk/en/residents/housing/socialservices/elderly/elderlyservic
es.htm
[18]http://www.swd.gov.hk/en/index/site_pubsvc/page_elderly/sub_csselderly/id_
socialcent/
[19]
http://www.hkrfp.org/public_html/event.php
[20]
The
Bauhinia
Foundation
Research
Centre,Health
Care
Study
Group,
Development
and
Financing
of
Hong
Kong’s
Future
Health
Care,Report
on
Preliminary
Findings
PDF
.file.
[21]
News
report
-­‐Hong
Kong
banks
help
provide
elderly
with
financial
options
http://asianbankingandfinance.net/lending-­‐credit/news/hong-­‐kong-­‐banks-­‐help-­‐p
rovide-­‐elderly-­‐financial-­‐options
[22]
http://www.gov.hk/en/residents/education/continuinged/
[23]
http://www.ied.edu.hk/web/news.php?id=20090810
[24]
http://www.hkcs.org/edcb/ita/ita-­‐e.html
21

22. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Appendix:
1.
Survey
Form
-­‐
Data
Statistics
2.
Responses
Matrix
Question
Mrs.
Law
Mrs.
Chan
Mr.
Chan
Mr.
Chow
Remark
Do
you
think
Yes
Yes
Yes
Sure
[R1]
All
of
them
that
find
health-­‐related
health-­‐related
information
is
information
important
to
important
to
you?
them.
22

23. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
Do
you
pay
No.
Yes.
Sometimes,
Sometimes,
[R2]
For
those
attention
to
Need
to
Want
to
want
to
it
helps
me
still
have
to
health-­‐related
work
know
more
know
basic
to
know
work
feel
have
information
every
about
some
informatio more
and
no
time
to
in
your
daily
day,
and
diseases.
n,
but
it
keep
spend
on
life?
Why
or
have
no
takes
time.
healthy.
health-­‐related
why
not?
time
to
information.
do
so.
Actively
or
passively?
When
gaining
Specific
Read
Mainly
Of
course
[R3]
Elderly
health-­‐related
one.
messages
read
about
focus
on
people
have
information,
and
articles
tips,
specific
one.
clear
target
do
you
focus
related
to
suggestion Every
one
when
facing
on
specific
my
disease.
s
for
daily
has
his
own
information,
one
or
life.
as
well
specific
and
usually
browse
as
background.
have
purpose
generally?
informatio and
motives.
Why?
n
about
What
kinds
of
Those
Informatio lectures
common
[R4]
They
focus
information
related
n
related
to
and
elderly
on
information
do
you
focus
to
my
high
blood
activities.
diseases.
that
is
close
to
on?
problem pressure,
their
daily
life,
s
or
my
heart
ache.
and
solutions
acquaint preventive
to
ances
their
diseases.
and
family.
Where
do
you
Radio,
Newspaper Newspaper [R5]
flyers,
Newspaper,
get
flyers,
,
magazines
,
flyers,
leaflets
and
leaflets,
information?
TV.
and
TV.
lectures,
lectures,
TV,
lectures
are
not
TV.
mentioned
in
friends
and
questionnaire
books.
survey.
Which
one
do
Magazines.
Newspaper
Newspaper,
[R6]
newspaper
you
prefer?
I
can
read
Convenient
friends
and
is
chose
by
Why?
repeatedly.
to
get.
books.
three
of
I
can
cut
and
interviewees
as
keep
the
preferred
newspaper
medium.
and
books.
[R7]
experience
Friends
sharing
plays
experiences
important
roles.
are
very
23

24. Report
of
Research
and
Analysis
Elderly
and
Health-­‐related
Information
important.
What
Program Programs,
Programs,
Programs,
health-­‐related
s,
advertisem advertisem advertiseme
contents
do
advertis ent.
ent.
nt.
TV
show?
ement.
Do
you
watch
No,
do
Not
Seldom.
Sometimes.
[R8]
elderly
those
not
have
interested
Do
not
Watch
people
pay
less
contents?
time.
in
those
have
much
advertiseme attention
to
TV
Why
or
why
program.
time
to
nts
when
in
programs
not?
watch
TV.
the
break
compared
with
time
of
ads.
drama,
and
on
the
bus.
Would
you
No.
It
depends.
Hard
to
Definitely
[R9]
They
fail
to
follow
Have
to
Follow
follow.
impossible.
follow
the
suggestions
work
some
Hard
to
suggestions.
introduced
on
thereby
simple
follow
and
TV?
Why
or
hard
to
ones.
persist.
But
why
not?
follow.
it
has
value
for
reference.
Which
Seldom
Only
read
Only
read
Newspaper
[R10]
They
do
newspaper
do
read
free
free
display
in
not
stick
to
you
usually
newspap newspaper.
newspaper.
metro
specific
read?
er.
station.
newspaper,
but
consider
of
its
convenience.
Would
you
No.
No.
No.
No.
[R11]
They
do
actively
buy
Not
I
already
Free
I
would
not
buy
related
necessar have
newspaper
rather
buy
newspaper.
newspaper
or
y,
and
magazines
is
enough.
specific
magazine?
have
no
about
books.
Why
or
why
time
to
those
not?
read.
informatio
n.
What
type
of
Advertis Countless
Advertisem Advertiseme [R12]
information
ements.
advertisem ents,
nts,
related
Advertisements
can
you
get
ents.
lecture
and
news.
leave
deepest
from
class
impression
to
newspaper?
informatio them
as
n.
health-­‐related
information
shown
on
newspaper.
24