The document discusses the inquiry method of teaching, which models the investigative process used by scientists. It involves allowing students to explore, inquire, and discover new learnings through self-directed exploration, rather than being told everything. The key steps are to define the topic or question, guide students in planning how to gather data or information, and have students present their findings. Instructional characteristics include employing processes like inferring, hypothesizing, and experimenting. Students formulate their own hypotheses and methods for testing them.