This document provides an overview of basic geometric concepts taught in a 6th grade mathematics class. It defines key terms like point, line, line segment, ray, angle, polygons, triangles, quadrilaterals, and circles. The lesson is taught by two teachers, Pooja Bindal and Shalu Verma, aims to help students understand properties of quadrilaterals and distinguish between different types of quadrilaterals and polygons. Examples and diagrams are provided to explain points, lines, angles, triangles, circles and their components. The intended learning outcome is for students to understand these basic geometric concepts and apply their knowledge.

2. GENERAL DETAILS
Pupil teacher’s name :
Pooja bindal
Shalu verma

3. GENERAL DETAILS
Subject : Mathematics
Class : 6th
Topic : Basic geometrical ideas
Duration : 35 minutes

4. GENERAL OBJECTIVES
Pupil will be able to :-
Understand the properties of
quadrilaterals.
Distinguish between different types
of quadrilaterals.
Grasp the concept of symmetry in
different types of quadrilaterals

5. What is geometry ?
Geometry is the branch of
mathematics which deals with
properties and relations with the lines
, angles ,surfaces and solids. Just as
Maths deals with numbers , geometry
deals with figures , points and
lines…….

6. POINT
A point is usually represented by a small dot.
By a sharp tip of the pencil, mark a dot on the
paper. Sharper the tip, thinner will be the dot.

7. Line Segment
A line segment corresponds to the
shortest distance between two points.
The line segment joining points A and B
is denoted by AB

8. This shortest join of
point A to B
(including A and B)
shown here is a line
Segment.
AB

9. Line
A line is obtained when a line segment like
AB is extended on both sides indefinitely; it
is denoted by AB or sometimes by a single
small letter like l.
A
B AB

10. Intersecting Lines
Two distinct lines meeting at a point are called
intersecting lines.
L1
L2
P

11. Parallel Lines
Two lines in a plane are said to be parallel if
they do not meet.
Identify parallel lines

12. Ray
A ray is a portion of a line. It starts at one
point (called starting point) and goes endlessly
in a direction.
A
P
Two
points are shown on the ray.
They are (a) A, the starting
point (b) P, a point on the path
of the ray.
We denote it by AP.

13. some models for a ray
Beam of light from
a light house
Ray of light
from a torch
Sun rays

14. POLYGON
 A polygon is a simple closed curve made up of line
segments.
(i) The line segments are the sides of the polygon.
(ii) Any two sides with a common end point are adjacent
sides.
(iii) The meeting point of a pair of sides is called a vertex.
(iv) The end points of the same side are adjacent vertices.
(v) The join of any two non-adjacent vertices is a diagonal.

15. Angles
An angle is made up of two rays starting from
a common end point.
Two rays OA and OB make ∠AOB(or also
called ∠BOA).
o
A
B
∠AOB
ANGLE AOB

16.  The meeting point of a pair of sides is
called a vertex.
 The end points of the same side are
adjacent vertices

17. Triangles
A triangle is a three-sided polygon
The three sides of the
triangle AB , BC and CA .
The three angles are
∠BAC, ∠BCA and ∠ABC.
The points A, B and C are
the vertices of the triangle

18. Quadrilaterals
A four sided polygon is a quadrilateral
It has 4 sides and 4 angles.
Four sides AB, BC , CD and
DA.
Four angles ∠A , ∠B, ∠C
and ∠D

19. AB and DC are opposite sides
∠A and ∠C, ∠D and ∠B are opposite angles

20. Circles
A circle is a simple closed curve which is not a
polygon.
Parts of circle
1.Centre - The fixed point
2.Radius- fixed distance
3.Diameter -A diameter is a chord passing through the
center
4.Chord-line segment joining any two points on the
circle.
5.Circumference – distance around the circle.

21. The fixed point is the center
The fixed distance is the radius
A diameter is a chord passing through the center of the circle.
A chord of a circle is a line segment joining any two points on
the circle.
The distance around the circle is the circumference.
1.Centre - o
2.Radius - r
3.Diameter - d
4.Chord - ca
5.cirumference
o
r
d
c
a

22. A region in the interior of a
circle enclosed by an arc on
one side and a pair of radii on
the other two sides is
called a sector.
A region in the interior of a
circle enclosed by a chord and
an arc is called a segment of
the circle.

23. Learning outcome
Students will be able to
 Understand the concept of point ,
line , line segment , ray ,angle ,
triangle , quadrilateral and circle.
 Apply the knowledge in different
situations.

24. Thank
you