An open foundation pile foundation involves driving or drilling vertical support columns called piles deep into the ground to support a building's weight. There are typically three stages to installing pier foundations - drilling or driving the piles into the ground, installing reinforcement like rebar, and pouring concrete into the holes to form solid columns. Once cured, the concrete piles are strong enough to transfer the building's weight down through weak soil into stronger, deeper layers that can adequately bear the load.