This document describes a plug flow reactor (PFR). A PFR is a model used to describe continuous chemical reactions in cylindrical systems where the residence time is the same for all fluid elements. It discusses how PFRs work with agitators along the vessel length to provide horizontal plug flow movement from feed to discharge. Advantages of PFRs include no moving parts, high conversion, and consistent product quality. Disadvantages can include poor temperature control and potential hot spots in exothermic reactions. The document compares the characteristics and performance of PFRs, continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs), and batch reactors.

1. PLUG FLOW REACTOR
NAME : ALI HASSAN RADHI .
T.N:20100858
G:19-C

2. PLUG FLOW REACTOR
The plug flow reactor (PFR, sometimes called continuous
tubular reactor, CTR, or piston flow reactors) is a model
used to describe chemical reactions in continuous, flowing
systems of cylindrical geometry. The necessary and
sufficient condition for plug flow is the residence time in
the reactor to be the same for all elements of the fluid.

3. PLUG FLOW REACTOR VESSEL, SEVERAL ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEN AGITATORS OF ARE
ALIGNED EXTERNALLY WITH THEIR DRIVE SHAFTS PERPENDICULAR TO THE SIDE WALLS,
AND ARRANGED IN SERIES ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE VESSEL.
THIS METHOD OF MIXING/AGITATION PROVIDES FOR THE NET HORIZONTAL PLUG-
FLOW MOVEMENT, GRADUALLY TOWARD THE DISCHARGE END FROM THE FEED
HOPPER/TANK, AND THE USE OF THESE MIXERS IS REPORTED TO PREVENT THE
FORMATION OF FLOATING SCUM AND SETTLEMENT OF MATERIAL, WITH A HIGH DEGREE
OF RELIABILITY.
THE ORGANIC MATERIAL TREATED IS FEED INTO THE DIGESTER BY A COMPACT FEEDING
UNIT. IF REQUIRED, THE TS CONTENT IN THE INPUT IS ADJUSTED AS DESIRED AT
THE SAME TIME.
AT THE DIGESTER END THE DIGESTION RESIDUE IS DISCHARGED FROM THE REACTOR
THROUGH A LOW-WEAR. IN ADDITION TO THE TREATMENT OF BIO-WASTES, GREEN
WASTES AND ORGANIC INDUSTRIAL WASTES THIS PROCESS CAN VERY WELL HANDLE
RESIDUAL WASTES AND MIXED WITH HIGH TS CONTENTS.

4. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF PLUG FLOW
REACTOR.
 Advantages :
 Easily maintained as
there are no moving
parts.
 High conversion per
unit volume .
 Unvarying product
quality .
 Good for studying
rapid reactions.
 Disadvantages :
 Poor temperature
control .
 Hot spots may occur
when used for
exothermic
reactions.

5. DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE PLUG FLOW, BATCH AND
CSTR.
CSTR REACTOR BATCH REACTOR PLUG FLOW REACTOR
The performance of CSTR & PFR is similar in case of zero order
(irrespective of constant / variable density).
The performance of BR is different from the performance of PFR (the
performance was similar in the case of constant density).
The performance of PFR is superior to that of a CSTR for all orders > 0
(same as constant density).

6. Criteria Batch CSTR PFR
Reactor size for given conversion + - +
Simplicity and Cost + + -
Continuous operation - + +
Large throughput - + +
Cleanout + + -
On-line analysis - + +
Product quality - + +
Comparison of possible advantages (+) and Disadvantages (-)
for Batch, CSTR and PFR Reactors .

7. Thank you !!