The document discusses the present perfect continuous tense, which focuses on the duration or ongoing nature of an action that began in the past and may continue in the present or future. It can refer to an action that is unfinished, a series of actions, or an action that is finished but the results are still visible. Common time expressions used with the present perfect continuous include "since," "for," and "over the last."

1. Present perfect
continuous
It has been raining

2. • In contrast with the present PERFECT
simple TENSE, which EMPHASISes the
result of a COMPLETEd ACTION,

3. • the present perfect CONTINUOUS tense
FOCUSes on the DURATION or the
activity itself.

4. Present perfect continuous
• This tense is used to talk about an action
or actions that started in the past and
continued until recently or that continue
into the future:
• We can use it to refer to an action that has
finished but you can still see evidence.

5. Present perfect continuous
• Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been
cooking?
• You look tired. Have you been sleeping
properly?
• I've got a a stiff neck. I've been working
too long on computer.

6. • It can refer to an action that has not
finished.
• I've been learning Spanish for 20 years
and I still don't know very much.
• I've been waiting for him for 30 minutes
and he still hasn't arrived.
• He's been telling me about it for days. I
wish he would stop.

7. • It can refer to a series of actions.
• She's been writing to her regularly for a
couple of years.
• He's been phoning me all week for an
answer.
• The university has been sending students
here for over twenty years to do work
experience.

8. The present perfect continuous is often
used with
since lately
for recently
all week over the last
for days few months

9. Present perfect continuous
• I've been wanting to do that for ten years.
• You haven't been getting good results
over the last few months.
• They haven't been working all week.
They're on strike

10. Present perfect continuos
• He hasn't been talking to me for weeks.
• We've been working hard on it for ages.
• I've been looking at other options recently.
• He's been working here since 2001.