Anxiety disorders

1. Presented by
Iqra Naz

2. Outline:
• Definition of Anxiety disorder.
• Causes of Anxiety disorder.
• General Symptoms of Anxiety disorder.
• Types of Anxiety Disorders.
• Assessment of Anxiety disorder.
• Treatment of Anxiety disorder.
• Etiology.

3. • What is an Anxiety disorder?
Anxiety is an emotion characterized by
feelings of tension, worried thoughts and
physical changes like increased blood
pressure.
People with anxiety disorders usually
have recurring intrusive thoughts or
concerns. They may avoid certain
situations out of worry. They may also
have physical symptoms such as
sweating, trembling, dizziness or a rapid
heartbeat.

4. General symptoms of Anxiety
Physical
Cold or sweaty
hands.
Dry mouth.
Heart palpitations.
Nausea.
Numbness.
Muscle tension
Mental
Feeling panic.
Fear.
Nightmares.
Repeated thoughts.
Uncontrollable,
obsessive thoughts.
Behavioral
Inability to be Still
and calm.
Washing hands
repeatedly.
Trouble sleeping

5. Causes of
Anxiety
disorder
Chemical
imbalances in
brain.
Genetic
Environmental

6. Types of Anxiety Disorders
GAD
Panic
Disorder
Selective
Mutism
Agoraphobia
Separation
Anxiety
Specific
Phobia
Social
Anxiety
disorder

7. Generalize Anxiety Disorder
• With GAD, you may feel extreme and unrealistic worry and tension — even if
there’s nothing to trigger these feelings. Most days, you may worry a lot about
various topics, including health, work, school and relationships. You may feel that
the worry continues from one thing to the next.
• Physical symptoms of GAD can include restlessness, difficulty concentrating and
sleeping problems.
Panic Disorder
• If you have a panic disorder, you get intense, sudden panic attacks.
These attacks often feature stronger, more intense feelings than other
types of anxiety disorders.
• During a panic attack, you may experience, Sweating, Heart
palpitations, Chest pain, Feeling of Choking.

8. Separation Anxiety disorder
• This condition mostly happens to children or teens, who may worry
about being away from their parents. Children with separation anxiety
disorder may fear that their parents will be hurt in some way or not
come back as promised. It happens a lot in preschoolers. But older
children and adults who experience a stressful event may have
separation anxiety disorder as well.
Social Anxiety disorder
• Healthcare providers used to call this condition social phobia. You
may have overwhelming worry and self-consciousness with daily
social situations. You may worry about others judging you or you may
be anxious that you’ll embarrass yourself or open yourself up to
ridicule. People with social anxiety disorder may avoid social
situations entirely.

9. Agoraphobia
• If you have Agoraphobia, you may have an intense fear of being
overwhelmed or unable to get help. Usually, you have a fear of two or
more of these environments, Enclosed spaces, Lines or crowds, Places
outside your house, Public transportation, lifts etc.
Specific Phobia
• Phobias are unsubstantiated fears and people with phobias go to great
lengths to avoid the object or situation that triggers their anxiety. Their
fears could range from flying in airplanes, being in crowded places, to
harmless things such as spiders and high-rise buildings.

10. Selective mutism
• Children with selective mutism do not speak in some social situations
where they are expected to speak, such as school, even though they
speak in other situations. They will speak in their home around
immediate family members, but often will not speak even in front of
others, such as close friends or grandparents.

11. Assessment of Anxiety disorder
I. RATING SCALE FOR ANXIETY
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)
Rating clinicians-rated
Administration time 10-15 minutes
Main purpose to assess the severity of
symptoms of anxiety
Population Adults, Adolescents and
children’s
Total Items 14
Rating 0 – 4
Ranges 0 - 56
Mild 0 – 17
Moderate 18 – 24
Severe 25 - 30
Very severe 30+

12. II. RATING SCALE FOR ANXIETY
Beck Anxiety inventory (BAI)
Rating clinicians-rated
Administration time 10-15 minutes
Main purpose to assess the severity of
symptoms of anxiety
Population Adults, Adolescents and
children’s
Total Items 21
Rating 0 – 3
Ranges 0 - 63
Normal 0 – 7
Mild 8 – 15
Moderate 16 - 25
Severe 26 - 63

13. Treatment of Anxiety disorder
Medication:
• Anti-Anxiety Medication.
• Antidepressant.
• Beta-Blockers.
Psychotherapies:
• Cognitive Behavioral
therapy.
• Exposure Therapy.

14. Anxiety Disorder Etiology
• Biological
Genetics Influences
Neurobiological Influences.
• Psychological
Cognitive
Behavioral
Modeling
• Sociocultural

15. Thankyou