Summary of recent developments in case law regarding Personality Disorder and Sentencing in Australian criminal courts. Followed by an outline of best practice for mental health experts working on such cases.
My presentation at 'Health Law and Ethics Network Webinar on the Final Report of the Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health System' at Melbourne University, 16 March 2021. A forensic psychiatrist's perspective.
Read the assignment instructions, cheack the attachment and see the .docxleonorepour284
Read the assignment instructions, cheack the attachment and see the grading and the comment from professor. Fix errors for last chance resubmission. Follow and do what professor needs on the comment.
If you can`t do it don’t please
ASSIGNMEMNT INSTRUCTIONS
Assignment 2: RA: Diagnostic Formulation
Review the case given below case study (Psychological Evaluation for Jessica E. Smith) for this required assignment (RA). On the basis of the information in the case study, provide a principal (primary) and a secondary diagnosis for the person using the most recent
DSM
codes. You will also discuss your diagnoses in narrative (paragraph) form. Then, identify and discuss at least one differential (possible alternate) diagnosis for the principal diagnosis and at least one differential (possible alternate) diagnosis for the secondary diagnosis that you gave. Lastly, discuss whether a diagnosis from other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention is warranted.
While you are welcome to list medical conditions that might be a concern, your primary and secondary diagnoses should be psychological conditions listed in
DSM-5
.
Your paper should have separate sections for:
Principal and secondary diagnoses
The reasons for selecting the principal and secondary diagnoses
Social and cultural factors that may influence the principal and secondary diagnoses
Differential diagnoses, including a consideration of whether a diagnosis from other conditions are applicable
The reasons for selecting the differential diagnoses
Your rationale and justification for why your actual diagnoses are a better fit than your differential diagnoses
Include citations and references in APA style. Your paper should be 5–7 pages in length.
Click
here
to read the case study (Psychological Evaluation for Jessica E. Smith).
Submission Details:
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Assignment Component
Proficient
Maximum Points
Provide a principal diagnosis for the selected case study.
At least one principal diagnosis was provided.
20
Provide a secondary diagnosis for the selected case study.
At least one secondary diagnosis was provided.
20
Discuss the rationale for the principal and secondary diagnoses in narrative form.
Discussed clear reasons for the principal and secondary diagnoses based on the
DSM
criteria.
24
Discuss social and cultural factors that may influence the principal and secondary diagnoses
Provided a thorough discussion on social and cultural factors that may influence the principal and secondary diagnoses
24
Identify at least one differential (alternate) diagnosis for the principal diagnosis.
Provided a plausible differential diagnoses for the principal diagnosis, including a consideration of whether a diagnosis from other conditions are applicable
20
Identify at least one differential (alternate) diagnosis for the secondary diagnosis.
Provided a plausible differential diagnoses for the secondary diagnosis, including a consideration of whether a diagnosis from ot.
Summary of recent developments in case law regarding Personality Disorder and Sentencing in Australian criminal courts. Followed by an outline of best practice for mental health experts working on such cases.
My presentation at 'Health Law and Ethics Network Webinar on the Final Report of the Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health System' at Melbourne University, 16 March 2021. A forensic psychiatrist's perspective.
Read the assignment instructions, cheack the attachment and see the .docxleonorepour284
Read the assignment instructions, cheack the attachment and see the grading and the comment from professor. Fix errors for last chance resubmission. Follow and do what professor needs on the comment.
If you can`t do it don’t please
ASSIGNMEMNT INSTRUCTIONS
Assignment 2: RA: Diagnostic Formulation
Review the case given below case study (Psychological Evaluation for Jessica E. Smith) for this required assignment (RA). On the basis of the information in the case study, provide a principal (primary) and a secondary diagnosis for the person using the most recent
DSM
codes. You will also discuss your diagnoses in narrative (paragraph) form. Then, identify and discuss at least one differential (possible alternate) diagnosis for the principal diagnosis and at least one differential (possible alternate) diagnosis for the secondary diagnosis that you gave. Lastly, discuss whether a diagnosis from other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention is warranted.
While you are welcome to list medical conditions that might be a concern, your primary and secondary diagnoses should be psychological conditions listed in
DSM-5
.
Your paper should have separate sections for:
Principal and secondary diagnoses
The reasons for selecting the principal and secondary diagnoses
Social and cultural factors that may influence the principal and secondary diagnoses
Differential diagnoses, including a consideration of whether a diagnosis from other conditions are applicable
The reasons for selecting the differential diagnoses
Your rationale and justification for why your actual diagnoses are a better fit than your differential diagnoses
Include citations and references in APA style. Your paper should be 5–7 pages in length.
Click
here
to read the case study (Psychological Evaluation for Jessica E. Smith).
Submission Details:
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Assignment Component
Proficient
Maximum Points
Provide a principal diagnosis for the selected case study.
At least one principal diagnosis was provided.
20
Provide a secondary diagnosis for the selected case study.
At least one secondary diagnosis was provided.
20
Discuss the rationale for the principal and secondary diagnoses in narrative form.
Discussed clear reasons for the principal and secondary diagnoses based on the
DSM
criteria.
24
Discuss social and cultural factors that may influence the principal and secondary diagnoses
Provided a thorough discussion on social and cultural factors that may influence the principal and secondary diagnoses
24
Identify at least one differential (alternate) diagnosis for the principal diagnosis.
Provided a plausible differential diagnoses for the principal diagnosis, including a consideration of whether a diagnosis from other conditions are applicable
20
Identify at least one differential (alternate) diagnosis for the secondary diagnosis.
Provided a plausible differential diagnoses for the secondary diagnosis, including a consideration of whether a diagnosis from ot.
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
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Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
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5. DPP v Brown
[2020] VCC 196
“…cogent evidence …which establishes
both the disorder and the connection of
that disorder to the offending…” Taft, J.
Andrew Carroll 2021
6. COGENT EVIDENCE FOR DIAGNOSIS
OF PERSONALITY DISORDER (or any other diagnosis)
+/- QUESTIONNAIRES
MENTAL STATE AT INTERVIEW
COLLATERAL
PERSONAL HISTORY AT
INTERVIEW
Andrew Carroll 2021
7. MENTAL STATE AT INTERVIEW:
• Countertransference cues
• Interpersonal Style
Andrew Carroll 2021
14. Daylia Brown v The Queen
[2020] VSCA 212
Professor Ogloff emphasised that a personality
disorder ‘has to be inflexible and pervasive across
situations and over time’:
“Because a personality disorder generally is enduring
long-term, although the severity can ebb and flow over
time, then it’s very difficult to diagnose with just a cross
sectional evaluation of an individual. … it does require a
longitudinal perspective with information across a
number of data sources, not just sitting down with
somebody for a period of time.”
Andrew Carroll 2021
15. Collateral
The Brief of
Evidence
• Offence itself
• Witnesses
especially
family/friend
• Photos
• Text exchanges etc.
Andrew Carroll 2021
22. The limits…
Limits on time Thoroughness
Practice Note CR7:
“All expert reports…shall state, specify or provide:
any limitation or uncertainty
affecting the reliability of the opinion(s) in the report”
Andrew Carroll 2021
23. ? QUESTIONNAIRES:
• Potentially very helpful
• Neither sufficient nor necessary
• Use with care and within scope
of your expertise
• If using, get to know the questionnaire
and its associated theory and research findings well
• Not all ‘translate’ readily into ICD/DSM concepts
Andrew Carroll 2021
28. COGENT EVIDENCE: INTUITIVE AND READILY UNDERSTOOD BY THE
COURTS – A NON-CLINICAL AUDIENCE
WHYDODIMENSIONALAPPROACHESWORKBETTER
INFORENSICCONTEXT?
Andrew Carroll 2021
29. Andrew Carroll 2021
DIAGNOSTIC LABEL + SEVERITY RATING +
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC DEFICITS AND
STRENGTHS : JUST LIKE
NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS OR
INTELLECTUAL DIABILITIES
31. Andrew Carroll 2021
AVOIDS THE CONFUSING ‘MULTIPLE’
DIAGNOSES: “THIS MAN IS
DIAGNOSABLE WITH 3
PERSONALITY DISORDERS”
32. COGENT EVIDENCE: INTUITIVE AND READILY UNDERSTOOD BY THE
COURTS – A NON-CLINICAL AUDIENCE
WHYDODIMENSIONALAPPROACHESWORKBETTER
INFORENSICCONTEXT?
CLEARLY ADDRESSES THE ‘SEVERITY’ ISSUE
Andrew Carroll 2021
33. Daylia Brown v The Queen
[2020] VSCA 212
“…a personality disorder is likely to engage the
Verdins principles only in a case of some
severity…it is not for this Court to suggest any
threshold level of severity which must be
reached ...”
PD
SEVERITY
Problematic
Pervasive
Persistent
Andrew Carroll 2021
35. DSM-5 ‘Alternative Model for
Personality
Disorders’ - Level of Personality
Functioning Scale
Little/ no
impairment
Some
impairment
Moderate
impairment
Severe
impairment
Extreme
impairment
CLINICAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
Andrew Carroll 2021
Formal
diagnostic
label and
severity
rating
36. COGENT EVIDENCE: INTUITIVE AND READILY UNDERSTOOD BY THE
COURTS – A NON-CLINICAL AUDIENCE
WHYDODIMENSIONALAPPROACHESWORKBETTER
INFORENSICCONTEXT?
CLEARLY ADDRESSES THE ‘SEVERITY’ ISSUE
ENCOURAGES A BROADER PALETTE FOR
INDIVIDUALISED OPINION
Andrew Carroll 2021
40. Andrew Carroll 2021
Douglas B. Samuel 2015
“…no person is generally well described by just
one word. This is particularly true when those
terms are emotionally laden, are conflated with
evaluative judgements, and describe a
heterogeneous construct (eg BPD)… each person
is more accurately described by a constellation of
personality traits that fully captures the richness
of that person’s individuality.”
51. Daylia Brown v The Queen
[2020] VSCA 212
“An offender diagnosed with a
personality disorder should be treated
as in no different position from any
other offender who seeks to rely on an
impairment of mental functioning as
mitigating sentence in one or other of
the ways identified in Verdins.”
Andrew Carroll 2021
ARGUABLY, THE COURTS IN VICTORIA
HAVE DE-STIGMATISED PERSONALITY DISORDER
IN THE SENTENCING REALM
52. “Personality Disorder has for
many years been in the
parentheses of psychiatric
classification…almost had to
apologise before mentioning.”
(Tyrer, 2008)
Andrew Carroll 2021
53. “…forensic mental health
professionals…lard almost every court
report with a personality disorder
diagnosis, always to the detriment of their
patient…does using the label personality
disordered, even in the new ICD-11
formulation, add much beyond the
obvious and the stigmatizing?”
(Mullen, 2017)
Andrew Carroll 2021
54. “Describe the person’s attitudes, how
they respond to the world as well as to
other people, their strengths, their
weaknesses, describe them as human
beings in their social context …”
(Mullen, 2017)
Andrew Carroll 2021
55. “Describe the person’s attitudes, how
they respond to the world as well as to
other people, their strengths, their
weaknesses, describe them as human
beings in their social context …”
(Mullen, 2017)
Andrew Carroll 2021
BUT WITHOUT A FORMAL DIAGNOSIS,
THESE VERY ISSUES ARE MUCH LESS LIKELY
TO GAIN TRACTION WITH THE COURT AND
INFLUENCE SENTENCING
56. Diagnosable
with ANY PD
• 9.2%
No PD
General population sample
(weighted for demographics)
Diagnosable
with ANY PD
• 43.1%
No PD
Prison sample
Butler et al 2006
Andrew Carroll 2021
Personality Disorders is of course common in
the people we see for reports:
57. So, make the diagnosis, with care
and humility, and quit pussy-footing…
Andrew Carroll 2021
58. We can at least all
agree on one of
the goals
Forensic
report
Sentence
Correctional
Programs
Parole/ CCO
Desistance
Andrew Carroll 2021
60. Some cases where Personality Disorder
has influenced sentencing
• DPP v Demirkiran [2020] VCC 1777
• R v Garrard [2020] VSC 154
• DPP v Bruno [2018] VSC 822
• DPP v Dolheguy [2020] VSC 704
• R v Sturt [2020] VSC 317
Andrew Carroll 2021
61. Acknowledgements
Psychiatry
• Gunvant Patel
• Adam Deacon
• Prashant Pandurangi
• Raj Darjee
• Gwen Adshead
Psychology
• Michael Davis
• Michael Daffern
• Jim Ogloff
Law
• Jamie Walvisch
• Tim Marsh
Andrew Carroll 2021
62. For copy of slides:
Linkedin : www.linkedin.com/in/carrollforensic
or email me: carrollforensic@gmail.com
Andrew Carroll 2021