26. Decreased production of volatile sulfur-containing compoundscontrol treated Tea and chlorhexidine-stained ceramic chips treated with probiotic or untreated
Probiotics have been used for generations to promote gastrointestinal health. The mouth is also part of the alimentary tract. Evora products extend the concept of probiotics to promote oral health.
Blue are cells of S. mutans;Red are molecules of sugar that are part of our diet;Xs are molecules of lactic acid that are trapped next to the tooth surface (hatched lines) by the starchy capsule (green).
We have 7-800 species of bacteria in our mouths, most of which are harmless. There are a few types that can cause disease (e.g., tooth decay) if they are allowed to reach a certain number.Brushing, flossing, mouthrinses are all intended to keep the number of bad bacteria below this threshold, but they also kill good bacteria as well.
To maintain periodontal health, a hydrogen peroxide producer must also live near the germ that causes periodontal disease so that its hydrogen peroxide is not diluted too much before it can exert its effect. S. oralis and S. uberis produce peroxide and also appear to live very close to the periodontal pathogens.
While the good guys (S. uberis and S. oralis) are inhibiting the growth of the bad guys with their peroxide, the bad guys also can inhibit the good guys using antibiotic-like molecules. Usually the good guys win, but occasionally, for reasons we don’t understand, the bad guys get the upper hand.
After 4 weeks of using Probiora3, the levels of S. mutans were reduced 6-fold, bringing the patient population from moderate risk of tooth decay into the low risk category.During the same period, the levels of 2 periodontal pathogens were reduced 400- and 100-fold, which should promote gum health by reducing the level of bad bacteria below the threshold needed for them to cause disease.