President Barack Obama began his undergraduate studies at a California college to end legacy admissions, that they will no longer grant alumni children preferential treatment.
Senators Introduce MERIT Act to End Legacy Preferences in College Admissions ...Future Education Magazine
Senators Todd Young (R-Ind.) and Tim Kaine (D-Va.) have put forth a groundbreaking legislative proposal known as the Merit-Based Educational Reforms and Institutional Transparency Act, or MERIT Act.
A former student journalist at the University of Oklahoma is suing the university over access to parking ticket records. The student, Joey Stipek, filed requests under the Oklahoma Open Records Act for electronic copies of parking tickets issued to students in spring 2012 but was denied by the university's open records director, who claimed the records were exempt under FERPA. Stipek has now filed a lawsuit against the university president and records director, arguing that parking tickets do not qualify as protected educational records under FERPA since they are issued to vehicles rather than individuals.
SLU Undergraduate Legal Studies Journal Spring 2015Emma Geiger
The document discusses potential legal issues if a university or college bans the anonymous social media app Yik Yak on campus. A full ban by a public institution could violate the First Amendment, while a private school is not bound by the Constitution and has more flexibility to ban the app. However, any institution banning Yik Yak has so far only made it inconvenient, not impossible, to access on campus. The document examines how public versus private status determines the different legal frameworks and protections around banning anonymous speech platforms on university networks.
Senators Introduce MERIT Act to End Legacy Preferences in College Admissions ...Future Education Magazine
Senators Todd Young (R-Ind.) and Tim Kaine (D-Va.) have put forth a groundbreaking legislative proposal known as the Merit-Based Educational Reforms and Institutional Transparency Act, or MERIT Act.
A former student journalist at the University of Oklahoma is suing the university over access to parking ticket records. The student, Joey Stipek, filed requests under the Oklahoma Open Records Act for electronic copies of parking tickets issued to students in spring 2012 but was denied by the university's open records director, who claimed the records were exempt under FERPA. Stipek has now filed a lawsuit against the university president and records director, arguing that parking tickets do not qualify as protected educational records under FERPA since they are issued to vehicles rather than individuals.
SLU Undergraduate Legal Studies Journal Spring 2015Emma Geiger
The document discusses potential legal issues if a university or college bans the anonymous social media app Yik Yak on campus. A full ban by a public institution could violate the First Amendment, while a private school is not bound by the Constitution and has more flexibility to ban the app. However, any institution banning Yik Yak has so far only made it inconvenient, not impossible, to access on campus. The document examines how public versus private status determines the different legal frameworks and protections around banning anonymous speech platforms on university networks.
Highline Community College's Paralegal Studies Program LawCrossing
Highline Community College Located In Des Moines, WA Is A Junior College Which Offers Paralegal Studies Program. Highline Paralegal Program Includes Two-Year Associate Of Applied Science Program. HCC Teaches Foundational Knowledge Of Legal Systems And Procedures.
University of Chicago Law School, Chicago, IL LawCrossing
All About The University Of Chicago Law School Believes In Teaching Based On The Interdisciplinary Education System. And Information About Interdisciplinary Education System, Public Interest Careers, Post-Graduate Opportunities And More.
This document discusses a lawsuit brought against York University by a former student named Rosemary. Rosemary was denied accommodation and support for her disability during her post-graduate studies at York University. She is suing York University and the Ontario government for millions of dollars for expelling her without a hearing and falsely reporting her as homeless and a suspect in an unrelated investigation. The document argues that York University can be held accountable through this lawsuit, despite their claims that they cannot be sued.
Federal Complaint Urges Reform in North Texas School District's Discipline Po...Future Education Magazine
Four civil rights groups have lodged a federal complaint against the municipal court and public school district in Bonham, northeast Texas, alleging discriminatory practices against Black and disabled students.
The document discusses the career of a medical examiner and provides information about three universities: Northeastern University in Boston, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and California State University, Los Angeles. It notes that medical examiners use science to determine causes of death and earn around $250,000 annually due to their extensive education. Additionally, it provides admission requirements and tuition costs for the three universities.
The document discusses ways for students to protect their financial interests in higher education. It recommends that students (1) form consumer rights groups to relay concerns to college administrators, (2) contact student government representatives and professors, and (3) write or call local and state representatives. It also suggests using alternative textbook options like online book swaps or campus book rental programs to save money compared to campus bookstores. Finally, it argues that students must represent their own interests, as the level of corruption in college finances requires intervention, and if left unchecked will only get worse.
DEBATE 22 EDUCATION POLICYASSIGNING STUDENTS TO SCHOOLS BA.docxedwardmarivel
DEBATE
22
EDUCATION POLICY
ASSIGNING STUDENTS TO SCHOOLS BASED ON RACE:
Justified or Unacceptable? ADVOCATE: National Education Association, et al.
JUSTIFIED
SOURCE: Amicus curiae brief to the U.S. Supreme Court in Parents
Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007) UNACCEPTABLE
ADVOCATE: Asian American Legal Foundation
SOURCE: Amicus curiae brief to the U.S. Supreme Court in Parents
Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007)
The intersection between education and race has long sparked emotional debate. Prior to the Civil War it was uncommon and in some places illegal to educate children who were not white. The Fourteenth Amendment (1868) requiring equal protection of the law for all citizens made it illegal to overtly deny children of color an education or to give them an expressly inferior one. However, the changes were more cosmetic that substantive. In many places, Jim Crow laws legalized accommo- dations that were supposedly “separate but equal,” but in reality were highly unequal. Blacks were the most numerous victims, but Asian Americans, Hispanics, and others also were relegated to second-class facilities and services. The Supreme Court upheld this fictitious equality in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), a case that involved railroad car accommodations but also applied to schools and many other points of segregation. That decision stood until the Supreme Court overturned it in Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Writing for the unanimous court, Chief Justice Earl Warren opined that in “public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”
Over the years, the application Brown v. Board of Education slowly eliminated the overtly intentional school segregation, but, like the Fourteenth Amendment, there was a large gap between theoretical importance and practical impact. Two factors lim- ited Brown. One was that some school districts build schools or drew district lines in ways that maintained or created schools that were de facto racially segregated. The second factor involved living patterns. Whites fled cities to the suburbs or sent their children to private schools to avoid racially integrated schools, and urban schools became more and more minority dominated. These population shifts also left cities with diminished tax bases, and the schools declined for want of adequate funding.
In response, the courts moved to a more proactive stance. In a case involving the region centered on Charlotte, North Carolina, where schools remained very segre- gated and the school board resisted moving to desegregate, a federal judge in 1965 found that the segregation was intentional, ordered that all 105 schools integrate, and specified that children be bussed between schools in necessary. The Supreme Court in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971) unanimously backed
2
John T. Rourke, You Decide! 2012 Copy.
Sexual harassment in higher education (1)sashaveiga
Statistics show high rates of sexual harassment among students in secondary and postsecondary education. Title IX and Title VII prohibit sex discrimination, including sexual harassment, in schools and employment. Sexual harassment policies and Title IX coordinators are now required in schools under these laws. While the Alexander v. Yale case established sexual harassment as a form of sex discrimination, it dismissed the plaintiffs' allegations. Subsequent policies have focused on clear definitions, grievance procedures, and education to address this persistent issue on campuses.
The document provides information about an upcoming meeting for The Torch campus newspaper at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. The meeting will be held on Mondays at 6:30pm in room 116 of the Liberal Arts building. It advertises free pizza from Papa Gino's for meeting attendees and details Papa Gino's special deal for UMass Dartmouth students. It encourages students to get involved with The Torch newspaper.
- A large cheating scandal was uncovered in the Atlanta public school system where teachers were changing answers on standardized tests to improve scores. An investigation found around 180 teachers and 38 principals at 44 schools were involved over multiple years.
- Most of the teachers faced criminal charges, which is rare. While some experts felt disciplinary action from the school would normally be sufficient, the former Attorney General who led the investigation felt criminal charges were warranted given the large number of minority students whose education was affected.
- Of the 35 defendants that went to trial, 8 were sentenced to 1-7 years in prison. The judge felt harsh penalties were needed as it was not a victimless crime. The verdict is meant to send a strong message
1) Admissions decisions at top universities like Harvard are made through a holistic process, not based solely on merit, and involve discussions between admissions officers.
2) Many qualified applicants are rejected each year, including some with perfect SAT scores or who are high school valedictorians.
3) Looking at individual admissions files will not reveal why some students were accepted while others were not, as the process is complex and considers both academic and personal achievements.
1) Admissions decisions at top universities like Harvard are made through a holistic process, not based solely on merit, and involve discussions between admissions officers.
2) Many qualified applicants are rejected each year, including some with perfect SAT scores or who are high school valedictorians.
3) Looking at individual admissions files will not reveal why some students were accepted while others were not, as the process is complex and considers both academic and personal factors.
1) Why they walked out: MU grad students have had enough | Magazine | Vox Mag...Ben Landis
1) Natalie McCabe, a graduate student at MU, had a miscarriage just days after MU announced it was ending graduate student health insurance. She delayed going to the emergency room because she no longer had insurance.
2) Graduate students were blindsided by MU's decision to end their health insurance with no warning or input. They organized protests and walkouts to demand better pay, insurance, tuition waivers, housing, and childcare.
3) Graduate students want to form a union to guarantee their rights and prevent the university from making unilateral decisions about their benefits and compensation in the future. They have majority support from graduate students but are facing legal obstacles from the university in holding a union vote.
Here are the Top 10 Benefits of a Montessori Preschool Education: 1. Fosters Independence 2. Encourages a Love of Learning 3. Develops Social Skills 4. Promotes Cognitive Development
North Dakota Higher Education Board Member Advocates for Tenure Amid Proposed...Future Education Magazine
In the ongoing debate over the future of tenure in the North Dakota higher education system, Casey Ryan, a member of the North Dakota State Board of Higher Education, has voiced staunch support for tenure, despite a draft report proposing significant reductions in tenured faculty positions across the state's colleges and universities.
The landscape of global education is witnessing a remarkable transformation globally. According to UNESCO’s Higher Education Global Data report released in 2022, the number of students enrolled in higher education institutions worldwide has surged to over 235 million as of 2020.
Discover how outdoor education programs boost student well-being, academic engagement, and social skills. Explore the positive impact of learning in nature!
Empowering Learning: The Impact and Potential of Educational YouTube ChannelsFuture Education Magazine
This comprehensive article explores the profound impact and potential of educational YouTube channels, shedding light on their significance, benefits, challenges, and evolving role in modern education.
Highline Community College's Paralegal Studies Program LawCrossing
Highline Community College Located In Des Moines, WA Is A Junior College Which Offers Paralegal Studies Program. Highline Paralegal Program Includes Two-Year Associate Of Applied Science Program. HCC Teaches Foundational Knowledge Of Legal Systems And Procedures.
University of Chicago Law School, Chicago, IL LawCrossing
All About The University Of Chicago Law School Believes In Teaching Based On The Interdisciplinary Education System. And Information About Interdisciplinary Education System, Public Interest Careers, Post-Graduate Opportunities And More.
This document discusses a lawsuit brought against York University by a former student named Rosemary. Rosemary was denied accommodation and support for her disability during her post-graduate studies at York University. She is suing York University and the Ontario government for millions of dollars for expelling her without a hearing and falsely reporting her as homeless and a suspect in an unrelated investigation. The document argues that York University can be held accountable through this lawsuit, despite their claims that they cannot be sued.
Federal Complaint Urges Reform in North Texas School District's Discipline Po...Future Education Magazine
Four civil rights groups have lodged a federal complaint against the municipal court and public school district in Bonham, northeast Texas, alleging discriminatory practices against Black and disabled students.
The document discusses the career of a medical examiner and provides information about three universities: Northeastern University in Boston, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and California State University, Los Angeles. It notes that medical examiners use science to determine causes of death and earn around $250,000 annually due to their extensive education. Additionally, it provides admission requirements and tuition costs for the three universities.
The document discusses ways for students to protect their financial interests in higher education. It recommends that students (1) form consumer rights groups to relay concerns to college administrators, (2) contact student government representatives and professors, and (3) write or call local and state representatives. It also suggests using alternative textbook options like online book swaps or campus book rental programs to save money compared to campus bookstores. Finally, it argues that students must represent their own interests, as the level of corruption in college finances requires intervention, and if left unchecked will only get worse.
DEBATE 22 EDUCATION POLICYASSIGNING STUDENTS TO SCHOOLS BA.docxedwardmarivel
DEBATE
22
EDUCATION POLICY
ASSIGNING STUDENTS TO SCHOOLS BASED ON RACE:
Justified or Unacceptable? ADVOCATE: National Education Association, et al.
JUSTIFIED
SOURCE: Amicus curiae brief to the U.S. Supreme Court in Parents
Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007) UNACCEPTABLE
ADVOCATE: Asian American Legal Foundation
SOURCE: Amicus curiae brief to the U.S. Supreme Court in Parents
Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007)
The intersection between education and race has long sparked emotional debate. Prior to the Civil War it was uncommon and in some places illegal to educate children who were not white. The Fourteenth Amendment (1868) requiring equal protection of the law for all citizens made it illegal to overtly deny children of color an education or to give them an expressly inferior one. However, the changes were more cosmetic that substantive. In many places, Jim Crow laws legalized accommo- dations that were supposedly “separate but equal,” but in reality were highly unequal. Blacks were the most numerous victims, but Asian Americans, Hispanics, and others also were relegated to second-class facilities and services. The Supreme Court upheld this fictitious equality in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), a case that involved railroad car accommodations but also applied to schools and many other points of segregation. That decision stood until the Supreme Court overturned it in Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Writing for the unanimous court, Chief Justice Earl Warren opined that in “public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”
Over the years, the application Brown v. Board of Education slowly eliminated the overtly intentional school segregation, but, like the Fourteenth Amendment, there was a large gap between theoretical importance and practical impact. Two factors lim- ited Brown. One was that some school districts build schools or drew district lines in ways that maintained or created schools that were de facto racially segregated. The second factor involved living patterns. Whites fled cities to the suburbs or sent their children to private schools to avoid racially integrated schools, and urban schools became more and more minority dominated. These population shifts also left cities with diminished tax bases, and the schools declined for want of adequate funding.
In response, the courts moved to a more proactive stance. In a case involving the region centered on Charlotte, North Carolina, where schools remained very segre- gated and the school board resisted moving to desegregate, a federal judge in 1965 found that the segregation was intentional, ordered that all 105 schools integrate, and specified that children be bussed between schools in necessary. The Supreme Court in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971) unanimously backed
2
John T. Rourke, You Decide! 2012 Copy.
Sexual harassment in higher education (1)sashaveiga
Statistics show high rates of sexual harassment among students in secondary and postsecondary education. Title IX and Title VII prohibit sex discrimination, including sexual harassment, in schools and employment. Sexual harassment policies and Title IX coordinators are now required in schools under these laws. While the Alexander v. Yale case established sexual harassment as a form of sex discrimination, it dismissed the plaintiffs' allegations. Subsequent policies have focused on clear definitions, grievance procedures, and education to address this persistent issue on campuses.
The document provides information about an upcoming meeting for The Torch campus newspaper at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. The meeting will be held on Mondays at 6:30pm in room 116 of the Liberal Arts building. It advertises free pizza from Papa Gino's for meeting attendees and details Papa Gino's special deal for UMass Dartmouth students. It encourages students to get involved with The Torch newspaper.
- A large cheating scandal was uncovered in the Atlanta public school system where teachers were changing answers on standardized tests to improve scores. An investigation found around 180 teachers and 38 principals at 44 schools were involved over multiple years.
- Most of the teachers faced criminal charges, which is rare. While some experts felt disciplinary action from the school would normally be sufficient, the former Attorney General who led the investigation felt criminal charges were warranted given the large number of minority students whose education was affected.
- Of the 35 defendants that went to trial, 8 were sentenced to 1-7 years in prison. The judge felt harsh penalties were needed as it was not a victimless crime. The verdict is meant to send a strong message
1) Admissions decisions at top universities like Harvard are made through a holistic process, not based solely on merit, and involve discussions between admissions officers.
2) Many qualified applicants are rejected each year, including some with perfect SAT scores or who are high school valedictorians.
3) Looking at individual admissions files will not reveal why some students were accepted while others were not, as the process is complex and considers both academic and personal achievements.
1) Admissions decisions at top universities like Harvard are made through a holistic process, not based solely on merit, and involve discussions between admissions officers.
2) Many qualified applicants are rejected each year, including some with perfect SAT scores or who are high school valedictorians.
3) Looking at individual admissions files will not reveal why some students were accepted while others were not, as the process is complex and considers both academic and personal factors.
1) Why they walked out: MU grad students have had enough | Magazine | Vox Mag...Ben Landis
1) Natalie McCabe, a graduate student at MU, had a miscarriage just days after MU announced it was ending graduate student health insurance. She delayed going to the emergency room because she no longer had insurance.
2) Graduate students were blindsided by MU's decision to end their health insurance with no warning or input. They organized protests and walkouts to demand better pay, insurance, tuition waivers, housing, and childcare.
3) Graduate students want to form a union to guarantee their rights and prevent the university from making unilateral decisions about their benefits and compensation in the future. They have majority support from graduate students but are facing legal obstacles from the university in holding a union vote.
Similar to Obama’s First College to end Legacy Admissions | Future Education Magazine (15)
Here are the Top 10 Benefits of a Montessori Preschool Education: 1. Fosters Independence 2. Encourages a Love of Learning 3. Develops Social Skills 4. Promotes Cognitive Development
North Dakota Higher Education Board Member Advocates for Tenure Amid Proposed...Future Education Magazine
In the ongoing debate over the future of tenure in the North Dakota higher education system, Casey Ryan, a member of the North Dakota State Board of Higher Education, has voiced staunch support for tenure, despite a draft report proposing significant reductions in tenured faculty positions across the state's colleges and universities.
The landscape of global education is witnessing a remarkable transformation globally. According to UNESCO’s Higher Education Global Data report released in 2022, the number of students enrolled in higher education institutions worldwide has surged to over 235 million as of 2020.
Discover how outdoor education programs boost student well-being, academic engagement, and social skills. Explore the positive impact of learning in nature!
Empowering Learning: The Impact and Potential of Educational YouTube ChannelsFuture Education Magazine
This comprehensive article explores the profound impact and potential of educational YouTube channels, shedding light on their significance, benefits, challenges, and evolving role in modern education.
Texas education leaders have unveiled a proposed elementary school curriculum that integrates teachings from the Bible into state reading and language arts lessons.
Pennsylvania Invests $1 Million in Environmental Education Programs StatewideFuture Education Magazine
Pennsylvania's commitment to environmental education received a significant boost as the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) announced nearly $1 million in funding for 56 programs across the state.
Here are 5 Benefits of PMHNP Certification: 1. Expertise and Competence 2. Enhanced Career Opportunities 3. Quality of Care 4. Patient Confidence and Trust 5. Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Unlocking Opportunities: The Impact and Significance of Sports ScholarshipsFuture Education Magazine
These sports scholarships, often offered by colleges and universities, are financial awards granted to students based on their athletic abilities. These scholarships serve as a means to recruit talented athletes to enhance the sports programs of educational institutions.
Exploring Wisconsin's Flourishing Nature-Based Early Childhood Education Move...Future Education Magazine
Nature-based early childhood education goes beyond merely spending time outdoors. While ample outdoor play is a cornerstone, it's also about fostering resourcefulness, nurturing imagination, and instilling a sense of stewardship towards the environment.
In a landscape of shifting political alliances and ideological battles, Representative Byron Donalds of Florida has emerged as a formidable force, particularly in the realm of education reform.
Here are 10 Best Practices in Hospitality Management:1. Embrace Technology 2. Invest in Training and Development 3. Prioritize Sustainability 4. Foster a Culture of Continuous Improvement
Tech schools, also known as coding boot camps, vocational schools, or technical institutes, are educational institutions that prioritize practical, industry-relevant skills over traditional academic coursework.
At its core, the philosophy of education seeks to address profound inquiries concerning the nature of learning and teaching. It grapples with questions such as: What is the purpose of education? What constitutes knowledge? How do individuals learn? These inquiries serve as the cornerstone for developing educational theories and practices.
In December 2020, as Congress was preparing to pass legislation mandating changes to the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), department staff circulated documents highlighting the demanding timetable required for the overhaul.
Cyber threats encompass a broad range of malicious activities aimed at exploiting vulnerabilities in computer systems, networks, and digital infrastructure.
New York City officials are set to combat a rise in antisemitism within New York City schools through the introduction of a comprehensive new curriculum next year.
Youngest c m in India- Pema Khandu BiographyVoterMood
Pema Khandu, born on August 21, 1979, is an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. He is the son of former Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh, Dorjee Khandu. Pema Khandu assumed office as the Chief Minister in July 2016, making him one of the youngest Chief Ministers in India at that time.
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
13062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
Obama’s First College to end Legacy Admissions | Future Education Magazine
1. Obama’s First College to end
Legacy Admissions
President Barack Obama began his undergraduate studies at a California college to end legacy admissions, that
they will no longer grant alumni children preferential treatment. Following a Supreme Court ruling that
eliminated race from college admissions decisions, Occidental College, a private liberal arts college in Los
Angeles, has become the most recent institution to abolish legacy admissions.
An applicant’s family connections to Occidental graduates “could be considered” in the past but had only a
“minimal impact” on selections, according to a campus letter from the school’s president.
The Changes in Place
Occidental will no longer question candidates about alumni links as part of the application, according to
President Harry J. Elam Jr.’s letter to the school on Wednesday. “Still, to ensure we are removing any potential
barriers to access and opportunity, Occidental will no longer ask applicants about alumni relationships as part
of the application,” he said. He referenced the ruling of the Supreme Court.
The 2,000-student college is well-known for being the place where Barack Obama started his college career in
1979. Obama attended Occidental for two years before transferring to Columbia. At the institution, Obama
made his first political address in 1981, pleading with the administrators to divest from South Africa.
2. U.S. colleges divided over whether to end legacy admissions
Obama was not a legacy student, and neither did his parents, according to an Occidental spokesman. Following
the Supreme Court’s ruling, colleges around the country have been under increasing pressure to stop using
legacy admissions. Opponents claim it can no longer be justified without a counterweight in affirmative action
since it is seen as an additional benefit for the wealthy and white.
A Continuous Trend
A week after Wesleyan University in Connecticut discontinued legacy admissions, Occidental announced the
change. A candidate’s relationship to a Wesleyan graduate “indicates little about that applicant’s ability to
succeed at the university,” the school’s president said.
As a result of a civil rights organisation filing a complaint saying that legacy admissions are discriminatory
and offer white students an unfair advantage, the U.S. Education Department is now looking into Harvard’s
use of the practise. According to the Lawyers for Civil Rights complaint, students with family links to Harvard
are up to seven times more likely to be accepted, can make up about a third of a class, and are generally about
70% white.
Following the elimination of affirmative action, opponents have increased their efforts. This month, the
NAACP has urged more than 1,500 universities to stop using legacy admissions, and the organisation Ed
Mobilizer has relaunched a campaign pushing alumni of 30 esteemed colleges to postpone making donations
until their institutions do away with the practise.
Read More: Top 10 Universities in the US