The document summarizes the history and current state of media in Spain. It discusses how Spain transitioned to democracy in 1978 and now has a liberal democracy, though the media still has strong ties to the political establishment. It outlines the public broadcasting system and describes the major newspapers, television stations, and radio stations in Spain. It also analyzes trends in the industry like consolidation of media groups, the rise of digital media, and the financial challenges many groups face.
This Working Paper was published by United Nations University Maastricht Economic and social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT). It seeks to provide insights about the main characteristics of innovative firms and to gather new evidence with regard to the nature of the innovation process in the Latin American and Caribbean region. This Paper analyses data from a number of CARICOM countries.
The Panel on Defining the Future of Trade was established in 2012. The Panel was mandated to: “….examine and analyse challenges to global trade opening in the 21st century” against the background of profound transformations occurring in the world economy, looking “at the drivers of today’s and tomorrow’s trade, […] at trade patterns and at what it means to open global trade in the 21st century, bearing in mind the role of trade in contributing to sustainable development, growth, jobs and poverty alleviation.” This is the Report of the Panel.
Media professional responsibility model & defects of media traditional perspe...Zameer Hassan
This document discusses media democracy and the professional responsibility model of journalism. It argues that the traditional perspective on the democratic role of media has defects. Specifically, it views the media's role too narrowly by focusing on informing voters rather than relating to organized groups in civil society. It also fails to distinguish information from political representation and context. Finally, it conflates the legal right to publish with actual economic opportunities, failing to consider barriers to entry and limitations on group expression. The professional responsibility model seeks to address these issues by defining journalists' primary duty as serving the public interest rather than private or political interests. However, it remains ambiguous and vulnerable without stronger supportive structures.
Sheffield Presentation Media and governance in Latin AmericaCarolina Matos
This document provides an overview of media and journalism in Latin America, with a focus on Brazil. It discusses:
1) Key differences and similarities between media systems in Latin America and Southern Europe.
2) The role of the media under Brazilian dictatorship from 1964-1985 and the emergence of resistance journalism.
3) The development of Brazilian media and journalism from the 1990s onward, including the rise of investigative reporting and changing journalism cultures/identities.
4) Comparative research on the complex relationship between media, journalism, politics and markets in democratizing Latin American countries like Brazil.
5) The influence of both European and American models of journalism on journalism in Latin America and Brazil's
South Korea has transitioned through three media systems:
1) Under military dictatorship, newspapers faced censorship and closure and the government controlled messaging.
2) In 1987, politics were liberalized and hundreds of newspapers opened. However, a small number of papers came to dominate circulation.
3) Today the newspaper market is highly consolidated and commercialized. The government regulates dominant papers and is easing restrictions on cross-media ownership. Meanwhile, internet and digital media usage is rising as print circulation declines.
The document discusses the differences in media ownership between North and South Korea. In North Korea, all media is strictly state-controlled and used as propaganda for the government. In South Korea, media was historically dominated by government-owned broadcasters but is now opening to private ownership and foreign investment. This has led to South Korea developing a globally influential pop culture industry in contrast to North Korea's closed and propagandistic media landscape.
This Working Paper was published by United Nations University Maastricht Economic and social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT). It seeks to provide insights about the main characteristics of innovative firms and to gather new evidence with regard to the nature of the innovation process in the Latin American and Caribbean region. This Paper analyses data from a number of CARICOM countries.
The Panel on Defining the Future of Trade was established in 2012. The Panel was mandated to: “….examine and analyse challenges to global trade opening in the 21st century” against the background of profound transformations occurring in the world economy, looking “at the drivers of today’s and tomorrow’s trade, […] at trade patterns and at what it means to open global trade in the 21st century, bearing in mind the role of trade in contributing to sustainable development, growth, jobs and poverty alleviation.” This is the Report of the Panel.
Media professional responsibility model & defects of media traditional perspe...Zameer Hassan
This document discusses media democracy and the professional responsibility model of journalism. It argues that the traditional perspective on the democratic role of media has defects. Specifically, it views the media's role too narrowly by focusing on informing voters rather than relating to organized groups in civil society. It also fails to distinguish information from political representation and context. Finally, it conflates the legal right to publish with actual economic opportunities, failing to consider barriers to entry and limitations on group expression. The professional responsibility model seeks to address these issues by defining journalists' primary duty as serving the public interest rather than private or political interests. However, it remains ambiguous and vulnerable without stronger supportive structures.
Sheffield Presentation Media and governance in Latin AmericaCarolina Matos
This document provides an overview of media and journalism in Latin America, with a focus on Brazil. It discusses:
1) Key differences and similarities between media systems in Latin America and Southern Europe.
2) The role of the media under Brazilian dictatorship from 1964-1985 and the emergence of resistance journalism.
3) The development of Brazilian media and journalism from the 1990s onward, including the rise of investigative reporting and changing journalism cultures/identities.
4) Comparative research on the complex relationship between media, journalism, politics and markets in democratizing Latin American countries like Brazil.
5) The influence of both European and American models of journalism on journalism in Latin America and Brazil's
South Korea has transitioned through three media systems:
1) Under military dictatorship, newspapers faced censorship and closure and the government controlled messaging.
2) In 1987, politics were liberalized and hundreds of newspapers opened. However, a small number of papers came to dominate circulation.
3) Today the newspaper market is highly consolidated and commercialized. The government regulates dominant papers and is easing restrictions on cross-media ownership. Meanwhile, internet and digital media usage is rising as print circulation declines.
The document discusses the differences in media ownership between North and South Korea. In North Korea, all media is strictly state-controlled and used as propaganda for the government. In South Korea, media was historically dominated by government-owned broadcasters but is now opening to private ownership and foreign investment. This has led to South Korea developing a globally influential pop culture industry in contrast to North Korea's closed and propagandistic media landscape.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Spanish media system. It describes the transition to democracy in 1978 and the relationship between media and politics. It also outlines the major newspapers, television channels, radio stations and their ownership. The internet is growing in Spain, with influential blogs and studies measuring online audiences.
While studying abroad in Prague, Spain was going through an economic "crisis" and the EU called for a bailout. This presentation talks about how the media covers Spain's failing economy.
This document provides an overview of the globalization and consolidation of the media industry. It discusses how previously national media systems have become dominated by a small number of large multinational corporations. Specifically, it outlines how 7 major companies now control most of the film studios, TV networks, music industry, satellite broadcasting, publishing, and cable TV channels worldwide. It also notes that media consolidation and oligopolies are driven by the pursuit of profit and neoliberal deregulation policies that have opened markets for commercial exploitation.
This document summarizes research on media democratization in Brazil. It discusses the history and current state of Brazilian media, comparing it to systems in other countries. It outlines four areas of inquiry in current research: the evolution of public broadcasting in Brazil and the UK; the relationship between public media and society; debates around quality programming; and examining crises in civic communication. Empirical research is summarized, showing Brazilians lack knowledge of public media due to its weak presence. The document concludes that Brazil has yet to establish genuine independent public media and future challenges include developing a new regulatory framework.
Community radio (CR), which is known in France as “radio associative” and previously “free radio” or “pirate radio”, is “non-profit, open to or accountable to the community that they serve and mainly staffed by volunteers” . So it has to be distinguished from French commercial CR even if it shares some common features. And it constitutes an important, dynamic and highly diverse part of the world’s media landscape.
This document provides an overview and required readings for a seminar on political journalism and civic communications. It discusses the key concepts of:
1) The "crisis of civic communications" which some argue stems from the commercialization of media, changes in the relationship between politicians and journalists, and the decline of public service broadcasting.
2) Different models of public service broadcasting and debates around its role in democracy. While some argue PSB is important for informed citizens and public discourse, others see it as a barrier to competition.
3) The role of political journalism in democracy and debates around its objectivity, balance, and whether it has declined amid new pressures and formats like citizen journalism. Overall the document outlines many
The document discusses different models of media systems and their relationship to public knowledge and democratic processes. It analyzes public service media traditions in countries like the UK, US, Denmark and Finland, finding that citizens in countries with strong public service broadcasting traditions tend to have higher levels of political and international knowledge. The document also examines debates around concepts like free speech, commercialization of media, and the role of media in serving the public interest.
This document provides an executive summary of a report on digital-born news media in Europe. It finds that these organizations:
1) Are generally launched by journalists focused on quality journalism rather than business or technology.
2) Tend to be more prominent in Spain and France where legacy media are weaker, rather than Germany and the UK with strong legacy media.
3) Face similar challenges to legacy media around funding from advertising and distribution through platforms like Google and Facebook.
It then analyzes the different funding models, distribution strategies, and editorial priorities of digital-born news media in more detail.
It has been seen in most of the studies which were conducted in the past that there has been a domination by the political economy of the intellectual considerations of the media production industries. At the same time, this model which is similar to the one mentioned above has also become very popular amongst a wide regions of sub-approaches which are largely based on different adaptations and interpretations (Peterson 1982). The politics and the economics behind the production and the consumption of media is regarded as the area of both strong continuities and also as an area of rapid historical changes. It might be argued by many that since the early days of mass-market newspaper in the 19th century little has changed which were used to propagate the ideas of political party in Britain to the publish and discredit opponents and at the same time were often owned by members of the political party in Britain.
Media Reforms in Sri Lanka - Highlights of a Rapid Assessment by Nalaka Gunaw...Nalaka Gunawardene
Media Development in Sri Lanka: Highlights of a Rapid Assessment is the plenary presentation by Nalaka Gunawardene, media development consultant, to the Sri Lanka National Media Summit on Media Reforms held in Colombo on 13 May 2015.
This was a national level event jointly convened by the Ministry of Mass Media, Sri Lanka Press Institute, University of Colombo and International Media Support, to discuss broad-ranging policy, legal and institutional reforms needed in Lankan media.
The document summarizes the history and development of Brazil's media system from the 1800s to present day. It began with state-controlled radio in the early 1900s and expanded to include commercialization in the 1920s and the rise of television in the 1950s. The media faced political pressures and censorship during military rule in the 1960s-1970s but alternative media emerged. Democratization in the 1980s brought challenges around informatization and the internet led to new forms of online and transmedia journalism in the 1990s-2000s. The document outlines the complexities of Brazil's hybrid society and diffuse boundaries between public/private spheres and fiction/non-fiction content in the media.
This document discusses the relationship between media and politics. It explores how media shapes society through its funding sources and accountability/independence. Politicians have become dependent on media to reach voters and media content has become increasingly "mediatized" by politics. Specifically, the decline of traditional media has weakened its ability to hold politicians accountable as the fourth estate. However, media also relies on politics for content and politicians require media access to campaign. Ultimately, media and politics have a symbiotic but tense relationship in democratic societies.
This document discusses the relationship between media and politics. It explores how politicians, journalists, and citizens shape news coverage and how media has changed politics. Media now plays a central role in politics by influencing politicians and political campaigns. Politicians also try to influence media coverage. The relationship is complex, with both sides relying on each other while also exerting power over one another. Foundations provide over $1.8 billion in funding to support various media-related activities in the U.S. Accountability and independence of media is important to balance the rights of individuals, communities, and press freedom.
Post-EDSA, mainstream media like the Philippine Daily Inquirer and Malaya that were previously considered alternative became dominant as pro-Marcos establishment newspapers retreated or closed. The Aquino government also sequestered major establishment newspapers and broadcast stations owned by Marcos cronies. Media ownership remained largely in the hands of individuals and families involved in diverse business interests due to the capital-intensive nature of media. The 1987 Philippine Constitution contained unprecedented provisions regarding communication that aimed to recognize its vital role in nation-building and promote democratization of media ownership.
Effects Of Market Liberalization On European Broadcasting Media Systems Austen Uche Uwosomah
EFFECTS OF EUROPEAN UNION LIBERAL MARKET POLICIES ON EUROPEAN BROADCASTING MEDIA SYSTEMS
By Austen Uche Uwosomah
An Essay Paper on Feb – March 2008 Erasmus Mundua Master of journalism course Course:
Transformations in European Media, Journalism & Governance
University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
The document discusses the transformation of media systems in Western countries due to commercialization over the past few decades. Technological developments enabled new delivery methods for electronic media like cable and satellite television, putting pressure on governments to deregulate media policies and permit more commercial outlets. This led to the rise of private, for-profit broadcasting and greater competition in Western Europe and the US by the 1980s and 1990s. As media consolidated into large conglomerates, they increasingly relied on advertising revenue, leading to more commercially-driven programming and financial instability for some outlets. The transformation demonstrates how market forces have come to dominate media systems.
This document discusses the relationship between media organizations and economic conditions. It provides two examples of how individual journalists' financial situations were impacted by the economic environment in their countries. It then discusses how media organizations rely on financial independence to operate freely, but economic pressures can threaten that independence by forcing organizations to seek support from political or business interests. The document examines factors like press freedom, advertising markets, and literacy that influence the economic strength of media in different countries and regions.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Spanish media system. It describes the transition to democracy in 1978 and the relationship between media and politics. It also outlines the major newspapers, television channels, radio stations and their ownership. The internet is growing in Spain, with influential blogs and studies measuring online audiences.
While studying abroad in Prague, Spain was going through an economic "crisis" and the EU called for a bailout. This presentation talks about how the media covers Spain's failing economy.
This document provides an overview of the globalization and consolidation of the media industry. It discusses how previously national media systems have become dominated by a small number of large multinational corporations. Specifically, it outlines how 7 major companies now control most of the film studios, TV networks, music industry, satellite broadcasting, publishing, and cable TV channels worldwide. It also notes that media consolidation and oligopolies are driven by the pursuit of profit and neoliberal deregulation policies that have opened markets for commercial exploitation.
This document summarizes research on media democratization in Brazil. It discusses the history and current state of Brazilian media, comparing it to systems in other countries. It outlines four areas of inquiry in current research: the evolution of public broadcasting in Brazil and the UK; the relationship between public media and society; debates around quality programming; and examining crises in civic communication. Empirical research is summarized, showing Brazilians lack knowledge of public media due to its weak presence. The document concludes that Brazil has yet to establish genuine independent public media and future challenges include developing a new regulatory framework.
Community radio (CR), which is known in France as “radio associative” and previously “free radio” or “pirate radio”, is “non-profit, open to or accountable to the community that they serve and mainly staffed by volunteers” . So it has to be distinguished from French commercial CR even if it shares some common features. And it constitutes an important, dynamic and highly diverse part of the world’s media landscape.
This document provides an overview and required readings for a seminar on political journalism and civic communications. It discusses the key concepts of:
1) The "crisis of civic communications" which some argue stems from the commercialization of media, changes in the relationship between politicians and journalists, and the decline of public service broadcasting.
2) Different models of public service broadcasting and debates around its role in democracy. While some argue PSB is important for informed citizens and public discourse, others see it as a barrier to competition.
3) The role of political journalism in democracy and debates around its objectivity, balance, and whether it has declined amid new pressures and formats like citizen journalism. Overall the document outlines many
The document discusses different models of media systems and their relationship to public knowledge and democratic processes. It analyzes public service media traditions in countries like the UK, US, Denmark and Finland, finding that citizens in countries with strong public service broadcasting traditions tend to have higher levels of political and international knowledge. The document also examines debates around concepts like free speech, commercialization of media, and the role of media in serving the public interest.
This document provides an executive summary of a report on digital-born news media in Europe. It finds that these organizations:
1) Are generally launched by journalists focused on quality journalism rather than business or technology.
2) Tend to be more prominent in Spain and France where legacy media are weaker, rather than Germany and the UK with strong legacy media.
3) Face similar challenges to legacy media around funding from advertising and distribution through platforms like Google and Facebook.
It then analyzes the different funding models, distribution strategies, and editorial priorities of digital-born news media in more detail.
It has been seen in most of the studies which were conducted in the past that there has been a domination by the political economy of the intellectual considerations of the media production industries. At the same time, this model which is similar to the one mentioned above has also become very popular amongst a wide regions of sub-approaches which are largely based on different adaptations and interpretations (Peterson 1982). The politics and the economics behind the production and the consumption of media is regarded as the area of both strong continuities and also as an area of rapid historical changes. It might be argued by many that since the early days of mass-market newspaper in the 19th century little has changed which were used to propagate the ideas of political party in Britain to the publish and discredit opponents and at the same time were often owned by members of the political party in Britain.
Media Reforms in Sri Lanka - Highlights of a Rapid Assessment by Nalaka Gunaw...Nalaka Gunawardene
Media Development in Sri Lanka: Highlights of a Rapid Assessment is the plenary presentation by Nalaka Gunawardene, media development consultant, to the Sri Lanka National Media Summit on Media Reforms held in Colombo on 13 May 2015.
This was a national level event jointly convened by the Ministry of Mass Media, Sri Lanka Press Institute, University of Colombo and International Media Support, to discuss broad-ranging policy, legal and institutional reforms needed in Lankan media.
The document summarizes the history and development of Brazil's media system from the 1800s to present day. It began with state-controlled radio in the early 1900s and expanded to include commercialization in the 1920s and the rise of television in the 1950s. The media faced political pressures and censorship during military rule in the 1960s-1970s but alternative media emerged. Democratization in the 1980s brought challenges around informatization and the internet led to new forms of online and transmedia journalism in the 1990s-2000s. The document outlines the complexities of Brazil's hybrid society and diffuse boundaries between public/private spheres and fiction/non-fiction content in the media.
This document discusses the relationship between media and politics. It explores how media shapes society through its funding sources and accountability/independence. Politicians have become dependent on media to reach voters and media content has become increasingly "mediatized" by politics. Specifically, the decline of traditional media has weakened its ability to hold politicians accountable as the fourth estate. However, media also relies on politics for content and politicians require media access to campaign. Ultimately, media and politics have a symbiotic but tense relationship in democratic societies.
This document discusses the relationship between media and politics. It explores how politicians, journalists, and citizens shape news coverage and how media has changed politics. Media now plays a central role in politics by influencing politicians and political campaigns. Politicians also try to influence media coverage. The relationship is complex, with both sides relying on each other while also exerting power over one another. Foundations provide over $1.8 billion in funding to support various media-related activities in the U.S. Accountability and independence of media is important to balance the rights of individuals, communities, and press freedom.
Post-EDSA, mainstream media like the Philippine Daily Inquirer and Malaya that were previously considered alternative became dominant as pro-Marcos establishment newspapers retreated or closed. The Aquino government also sequestered major establishment newspapers and broadcast stations owned by Marcos cronies. Media ownership remained largely in the hands of individuals and families involved in diverse business interests due to the capital-intensive nature of media. The 1987 Philippine Constitution contained unprecedented provisions regarding communication that aimed to recognize its vital role in nation-building and promote democratization of media ownership.
Effects Of Market Liberalization On European Broadcasting Media Systems Austen Uche Uwosomah
EFFECTS OF EUROPEAN UNION LIBERAL MARKET POLICIES ON EUROPEAN BROADCASTING MEDIA SYSTEMS
By Austen Uche Uwosomah
An Essay Paper on Feb – March 2008 Erasmus Mundua Master of journalism course Course:
Transformations in European Media, Journalism & Governance
University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
The document discusses the transformation of media systems in Western countries due to commercialization over the past few decades. Technological developments enabled new delivery methods for electronic media like cable and satellite television, putting pressure on governments to deregulate media policies and permit more commercial outlets. This led to the rise of private, for-profit broadcasting and greater competition in Western Europe and the US by the 1980s and 1990s. As media consolidated into large conglomerates, they increasingly relied on advertising revenue, leading to more commercially-driven programming and financial instability for some outlets. The transformation demonstrates how market forces have come to dominate media systems.
This document discusses the relationship between media organizations and economic conditions. It provides two examples of how individual journalists' financial situations were impacted by the economic environment in their countries. It then discusses how media organizations rely on financial independence to operate freely, but economic pressures can threaten that independence by forcing organizations to seek support from political or business interests. The document examines factors like press freedom, advertising markets, and literacy that influence the economic strength of media in different countries and regions.
13062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
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Youngest c m in India- Pema Khandu BiographyVoterMood
Pema Khandu, born on August 21, 1979, is an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. He is the son of former Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh, Dorjee Khandu. Pema Khandu assumed office as the Chief Minister in July 2016, making him one of the youngest Chief Ministers in India at that time.
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
3. Spain comes into democracy in 1978 Now, it is a case of successful transition to liberal democracy However, there’s a strong relationship between the media and the political establishment It means the nexus between ideological expression and political mobilization The public service broadcasting never existed in the British sense of the word (BBC paradigm) The Parliament has a direct control over RTVE, as well as each regional government does Media play an activist role and public service broadcasting is near the government Continuing news oligopoly
4. Until today, the commercial market is weak There’s no strong demand on information, but on entertainment and sports It reflects the weakness of the liberal social and economic institutions Why? There’s no real interest in the development of free market Further, the privatizations and the liberalization of the market continued this trend Most benefited groups are indirectly related to political interests Or viceversa? Examples: audiovisual licenses or the coverage of certain news
5.
6. Professionalization? The journalism tradition connects the political and the literary roots It means substantial emphasis to commentary, literature and op-ed Journalists use to have a university degree and certain cultural level They use to be part of the cultural elite of the country! Formal education in Journalism in relatively new (50 years) Newspapers (more than other media) tend to represent distinct political tendencies This is reflected in the differing political attitudes from readership and audiences One survey of Spanish journalist found that more than 85% believed information and opinion were often mixed Why? “Tertulias” use to have a strong influence on the political agenda
8. The media started a new era in 1978, just after the approval of the Constitución Española The Law recognizes two basic citizens’ rights 1.- Freedom of speech and the press (article 20) 2.- Freedom of enterprise (article 38) Both rights are well-developed underpinning the practice of journalism in Spain Let’s see how.
9.
10. Article 20 [Specific Freedoms, Restrictions] (3) The law shall regulate the organization and parliamentary control of the means of social communication owned by the State or any public entity and shall guarantee access to those means by significant social and political groups, respecting the pluralism of society and the various languages of Spain. (4) These liberties find their limitation in the respect for the rights recognized in this Title, in the precepts of the laws which develop it and, especially, in the right to honour, privacy, personal identity, and protection of youth and childhood . (5) The closure of publications, recordings, or other means of information may only be determined by a judicial resolution .
18. Vocento, Antena 3 TV, Tele 5, PRISA, and Recoletos are public owned companies but their financial results are irregular Other projects like Quiero TV or Diario 16 closed Now, the group Zeta is in troubles
19. PRISA share value declines more than the average in the last five years
21. (6) Typology of media groups Main players Telefonica and PRISA Players with important foreign capital Telecinco (Mediaset) Unidad Editorial (Rizzoli) Planeta (A3 50% with De Agostini and RTL) Growing groups Mediapro (Imagina) Auna Family groups Zeta Godó Regional and family groups Joly Prensa Ibérica Grupo Voz
26. Some conclusions about Spanish media groups (1) Nobody knows what will happen to historical family business media groups: PRISA and ZETA (2) Telefónica (golden share!) is still the national champion thanks to its financial power (3) About the contents The pay-per-view is sustainable only thanks to soccer The current systems has been broken due to newcomers and digital technology (it is cheaper) (4) The digital challenge Currently, the digital income add up an average of 5-10% PRISA’s recognized incomes were only 1%
34. ABC Based on Madrid and founded in 1903 728.000 daily readers Owned by Vocento Traditionally, linked to the Monarchy and the Catholic Church Very influential in the right wing The only Berliner daily in Spain! El Mundo Based on Madrid and founded in 1989 1,3M daily readers Owned by Unidad Editorial Similar to British tabloids Right wing oriented
35.
36. La Razón Based on Madrid and founded in 1998 355.000 daily readers Owned by Planeta Liberal economics and very conservative politics (Osservatore) Few, but loyal readers Público Based on Madrid and founded in 2007 238.000 daily readers Owned by Mediapro Youngest daily Left oriented
37.
38. La Vanguardia Based on Barcelona and founded in 1881 731.000 daily readers Owned by Godó Critical support to regional parties and its causes (and excellent international reports!) Catalonian middle-class
39. Expansión Based on Madrid 194.000 daily readers Owned by Unidad Editorial The most influential economic newspaper Growing audience
43. Public Service Broadcasting National and regional level Highly pressured by political parties Now, in process of depoliticization RTVE Officially, controlled by the Parliament It operates radio, TV and Internet media, as well as TVE International and Radio Exterior de España
44. FORTA Regional radio and TVs federation 12 regional channels dependent on regional Parliaments International broadcast via satellite platforms Cities and councils About 500 local public radio stations depending on the Town Hall Not so interesting
45. Antena 3 Based on Madrid and founded in 1989 About 17,5% Owned by Planeta Tele 5 Based on Madrid and founded in 1989 About 17,5% Owned by Mediaset
46. La Sexta Based on Madrid and founded in 2007 About 8% Owned by Mediapro - Imagina Cuatro Based on Madrid and founded in 2005 (1989) About 7,5% Owned by Tele 5, formerly by PRISA Really interesting case of the market: before Cuatro, it was Canal Plus
47. Digital Plus Leader option in PPV and thematic TV provider Owned by PRISA Not interesting business, despite its popularity Mature market, but where’s the money? Other DDT Emerging market Nice opportunity to develop niche contents in the audiovisual market Gol TV: niche TV broadcasts only soccer and it has 1M suscribers
50. Radio is a really influential mass media It dominates the political agenda thanks to early morning news It is market with about 23M daily listeners The average is 108 minutes daily How?
58. AIMC: ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH ON MEDIA http://www.aimc.es Activities include audience measurement AIMC publishes every three months the General Media Study (EGM) which measures the ratings of the press, radio, Internet television in Spain. EGI: GENERAL STUDY OF INTERNET http://www.estudiogeneraldeinternet.com Madrid-based company that produces studies for hearing on websites in Spain.
59. OJD: OFFICE OF JUSTIFICATION FOR DISTRIBUTION http://www.ojd.es Official data from Spanish Newspaper circulation. It also allows access to data dissemination conventional paper media. Updated monthly. Very controversial office SOFRES MEDIA AUDIENCE http://www.sofresam.com It provides data weekly audience figures reached by the national television channels and regional.