1) Multi-section tomography allows for multiple layers or sections of the body to be imaged simultaneously using a single exposure, reducing scan time and radiation dose compared to traditional tomography. 2) Transaxial tomography images sections of the body transversely using a rotating chair and stationary x-ray tube, allowing for coronal and sagittal plane images. 3) Computerized tomography (CT) evolved from early tomography techniques through advances in reconstruction techniques, pioneered by researchers including Radon, Bracewell, Oldendorf, Cormack, and Hounsfield.

1. Multi section and Trans
axial Tomography
Presented By- Sarbari Saha
Asst.Professor Radiology

2. Introduction
The tomography have evolved to overcome the
superimposition of the structures on the area of
interest.
But due to gradual sections by section imaging
these not only increases our time but huge doses
to the staffs and patient too.
So keeping same technique new evolution took so
that scan time can be reduced drastically with
doses.

3. Multi section Tomography
These is a tomography method where multiple
layers or section of the body are used to from the
planiography with single movement.
The principle is that various layers of the body
section can be recorded with single exposure.
Here there is one fulcrum and various axis for
every film.
And all the layers can be equally magnified.

5. Multi section Tomographic
cassette
These is a special type of
cassette used in multi section
tomography.
The device can hold 3- 7 films
with separate intensifying screen
and spacers.
The spacer here is 5to 10 mm in
thickness and made of
radiolucent material.
The entire is a metal box.

6. Advantage
• Dose is drastically reduced ,as separate films can be
achieved with single exposure.
• Each layer of the film are recorded on seperate film.
• Each radiograph has same movement in respiration
and physiological equal.
• It gives fine details study of anatomical structures
and exposures load of the tube is reduced.
• Its save time for both patient and xray department.

7. Disadvantages
• Its has uncontrolled scattered radiation.
• Film quality is not so good.

8. Trans axial Tomography

9. Trans axial Tomography
• These tomography is just the step prior to the
evolution of CT scans Technology
• Here the sections of the planes runs through
patient transversely.
• The special device named "Rotation Chair/
Tomographic chair" is used here.
• And here the X-ray tube are kept stationary and
only patient and film moves with same speed
and same velocity.

11. • In trans axial tomography the x-ray film lies flat
along with the rotating chair along with the
patient.
• As the X-ray beam falls obliequely through the
patient and flim the chair is positioned a little
below the focal plane.
• Section thickness is determined by angle
between x-ray tube and film.

13. • Patient sits upright position and takes images
in both coronal and sagital plane.
• When the patient is facing towards and
opposite , there coronal cut.
• When patient turned sideways, there is
sagittal cut sections.

15. Skip Tomography
• These a method of tomography where the
exposure is stopped through a portion of tube
motion.
• It can skip almost 20degree angle of exposure.
• Its mainly used to skip the dense vertebral
structure from getting superimposed.

16. Auto Tomography
• Where the patient will movement instead of film
and xray tube.
• Here only the structures is seen which is in axis of
rotation resulting other structure blur out.
• Its a good technique for breathing instructions
procedures, brain stem, fourth ventricle.

17. Pan Tomography
• It is a tomography method used still today is
dental radiographic procedures that produce a
panromaic image of a curved surface.
• The patient is kept stationary during the
procedure.
• Film is exposed here through a narrow slit in its
holder and moves it as tube rotates and image
is laid out as film passes through the slit.

19. • Computerized Transverse Axial Tomography
(CTAT)
• Computer assissted Tomography (CAT)
• Computer Axial Tomography (CAT)
• Reconstruction Tomography(RT)
• Computer Tomography (CT)
Evolution of CT scan

20. Pioneers
• The main purpose of evolution was in its
reconstruction technique and there were
5pioneers.
1917 - Johann Radon.
1956- Ronald Brace well.
1963- William Oldendorf.
1963- Edward Allan Cormack.
1967- Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield.

23. Thank you