Các kiểu dữ liệu, giá trị,... trong Python

1. Data types, variables, basic
input-output operations, basic
operators

2. Objectives
In this module, you will learn:
• how to write and run simple Python programs;
• what Python literals, operators, and expressions are;
• what variables are and what are the rules that govern them;
• how to perform basic input and output operations.

3. The print() function
print(*objects, sep=' ', end='n', file=None, flush=False)

4. The print() function - the keyword arguments

5. The print() function - with special/escape
characters
n New line
t Horizontal tab
b Backspace
’ Single Quote
" Double quote
Backslash

6. The print() function - placeholder values
• In Python, you can use {} as placeholders for strings and use format() to fill in the
placeholder with string literals.

7. Python literals
• A literal is data whose values are determined by the literal itself.
• As this is a difficult concept to understand, a good example may be helpful.
• Take a look at the following set of digits: 123
• Can you guess what value it represents? Of course you can - it's one hundred
twenty three.
• But what about this: c
• Does it represent any value? Maybe. It can be the symbol of the speed of light,
for example
• And this is the clue: 123 is a literal, and c is not.

8. What are variables?
• You already know that you can do some
arithmetic operations with these numbers: add,
subtract, etc. You'll be doing that many times.
• But it's quite a normal question to ask how
to store the results of these operations, in order
to use them in other operations, and so on.
What does every Python variable have?
• a name;
• a value (the content of the container)

9. Variable Names
If you want to give a name to a variable, you must follow some strict rules:
 the name of the variable must be composed of upper-case or lower-case
letters, digits, and the character _ (underscore)
 the name of the variable must begin with a letter;
 the underscore character is a letter;
 upper- and lower-case letters are treated as different (a little differently
than in the real world - Alice and ALICE are the same first names, but in
Python they are two different variable names, and consequently, two
different variables);
 the name of the variable must not be any of Python's reserved words (the
keywords - we'll explain more about this soon).

10. Keywords
• Take a look at the list of words that play a very special role in every Python
program.
['False', 'None', 'True', 'and', 'as', 'assert', 'break', 'class',
'continue', 'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'finally', 'for',
'from', 'global', 'if', 'import', 'in', 'is', 'lambda', 'nonlocal', 'not',
'or', 'pass', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'with', 'yield']
• They are called keywords or (more precisely) reserved keywords. They are
reserved because you mustn't use them as names: neither for your variables,
nor functions, nor any other named entities you want to create.
• The meaning of the reserved word is predefined, and mustn't be changed in any
way.

11. Creating variables
• The creation (or otherwise - its syntax) is extremely
simple: just use the name of the desired variable,
then the equal sign (=) and the value you want to
put into the variable.

12. Basic datatypes

13. Basic operators
• An operator is a symbol of the programming language,
which is able to operate on the values.
• Remember: Data and operators when connected
together form expressions. The simplest expression is a
literal itself.

14. Arithmetic Operators

15. Comparison Operators
• Comparison operators are used for comparing two values. As an output, they
return a boolean value, either True or False.

16. Logical Operators
They operate on boolean values and return a boolean value.

17. Identity Operators

18. Assignment Operators
• In python, the “equal to”
symbol, = is used as the
assignment operator. It’s
used to assign values to
variables.
• For example, x = 2 will
assign the value 2 to the
variable x.

19. Membership Operators

20. Bitwise Operators
• Bitwise operators operate on the binary values of the operands bit-
by-bit.

21. Input