Matter can be summarized as follows: Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It exists in three states - solid, liquid, and gas. Matter changes between these states through processes like fusion, condensation, evaporation, and solidification. Matter can be classified as pure substances or mixtures. Mixtures contain more than one substance and can be separated using methods like evaporation, distillation, filtration, and decantation. Changes to matter can be physical, changing its shape or size, or chemical, changing its composition.

1. Matter

2. What is the Matter
 Matter is everything around us-
 Matter is anything that occupies a space.
 However, light, sound and heat ARE NOT
Matter because they don’t occupy space.

3. Properties of Matter
The properties of Matter describe how Matter
looks , feels or acts. They include shape, color,
size and texture.
There are tree properties common to all types of
Matter: Mass, Volume, Density.
Mass:Describes how much matter is in object and it
is measured is grammes.
Volume: Is the space an object occupies. Volume is
measured in liters.
Density: is the amount of mass in each unit of
volume.

4. States of matter
 There are three states of matter:
 Solid: Matter has a definite shape an volume.
 Liquid: Matter has a definite volume bat not a
definite shape.
 Gaseous: Matter doesn’t have a definite shape
or volume .

6. Changes in states of matter
 Fussion: is the change from solid to liquid.
 Condensation: is the change from gas to liquid.
 Evaporation: is the change from the liquid to
gas.
 Solidification: is the change from liquid to
solid.

7. Pictures of States of matter and
Changes in States of matter

8. Classifying Matter:
Pures and Mixtures
 Pures subtances: Salt and iron.
 Mixtures: they are made of two or pure
substances. Ex : A sandwich.
 Homogeneous: you can’t distinguish the components .
Ex: Sea water, air.
 Heterogeneous: We can identify and separate the
components. Ex: sandwich.

10. Separating Mixtures
Evaporaration
 Can be used to separate a substance from a
liquid.
This is a evaporation
process.

11. Distillation
 Distillation is a way of separating liquid. We
can heat a liquid mixture.
 Then we can capture the vapours caused by the
boiling and cool them until they condense.
 Each liquid evaporates at a specific temperate.
Water boils at 100ºC, and alcohol at 80ºC.

12. Filtration
 Is another way of separating solids from a
liquid. Filtration is passing a mixture of liquid
and solids trough a permeable material called a
filter. A liquid can pass trough the filter, but a
solid can’t. Every time you use a coffee
machine to make coffee, you use filtration.
There is a photo of filtration.

13. Decantation
• Can be used to separate two liquids of
different densities. This process consists of
leaving the mixture. When you open the tap,
the liquid with the highest density comes out
first.
There is one photo of
Decantation.

14. Physical Changes
Every time you change the way matter looks, make a
physical change. When we cut some paper, changes
the physical state of matter.Physical changes
change the size, shape and texture of matter but
the matter still has the properties.
Expansion and contraction
During contraction and expansion matter doesn’t
change from on state. according to the
temperature,
the material expands or contracts. where a
matter is heated, it expands and when cooled,
cools, it contracts.

15. Chemical changes
Combustion
When a match is lit,
combustion takes place. During
this chemical change, heat and
light are created. In
combustion, the matter that
burns is called fuel. To burn
the fuel, we also need oxygen
and a sufficiently high
temperature.

16. Oxidation
 Objects containing iron
react with oxygen in the
air. This chemical
reaction can also affect
organic matter. When
you cut an apple, after
a short time you can see
that its color changes!

17. Fermentation
 Microorganisms
change high-sugar
substances into
another substance.
This process is called
fermation. Oxygen
doesn’t take part in
this process.