The document discusses the use of LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology for various applications such as flood plain mapping, transportation infrastructure, forestry management, and more. It provides details on LiDAR accuracy standards, processing methods, and deliverable data formats. The presentation aims to help audiences understand how LiDAR data can aid in decision-making processes.

1. LiDAR Aiding Decision-Making Process September 16 th , 2009 GIS in The Rockies Presented by: Jamie Young General Manager – LiDAR services

2. LiDAR Decisions National Research Council of the National Academies “ LiDAR produces very-high-resolution three-dimensional point clouds in a wide variety of land cover types at accuracies equivalent to or better than photogrammetry…” “ LiDAR can be acquired day or night, in cloudy conditions, leaf on or leaf off and no sun angle limitation…” “ LiDAR is able to penetrate to the bare earth in vegetated area better than either IFSAR or photogrammetry…” “ LiDAR data processing and feature extraction can be incorporated seamlessly into the production environment designed for photogrammetry…” Hydro-electric dam, Puerto Rico

3. LiDAR Accuracy Standards What should you know? Horizontal : the positional accuracy of a dataset with respect to a horizontal reference. Vertical : the vertical accuracy of a dataset with respect to a horizontal reference. Positional : the position of features, including horizontal and/or vertical position. Relative : value in feet or meters that reports the uncertainty in vertical or horizontal position due to random errors in measurements in a location relative to any other point. Absolute : value in feet or meters that reports uncertainty in vertical or horizontal positions due to systematic & random errors in measurements of the location of any point on a geospatial dataset relative to the defined vertical or horizontal datum at a state confidence level. a location relative to any other point.

4. Application vs. Accuracy and Point Density Vs. Vs.

5. LiDAR Uses Flood plain Mapping Hydrologic Modifications Update FIRM to DFIRM from LiDAR Flow Analysis Impervious surface analysis Storm water analysis Transportation Infrastructure Dam Management Dam Breach Analysis Soils Mapping Emergency management Construction Design Line of Sight

6. LiDAR Uses Forestry, Biomass, &Vegetation Management HCA and facility Management 3-D modeling Building extract Change detection Updating assessor database Building Foot Prints Other man-made extraction Security Management Volumetric studies Utility mapping Reclamation projects

7. LiDAR of Bridge at 0.3 meter collection LiDAR of Mile High Stadium LiDAR Applications Security Management

8. LiDAR Uses Breakline generation Contour generation Terrain model generation DEM, DTM, DSM Tree Canopy Analysis Land Development Erosion Studies Geologic studies Aviation safety High Level Land Cover Ortho DEM

9. Contour Representation Filtered vs. Enhanced

10. Contour and Orthorectification Generation Filtered Bare Earth LiDAR & LiDAR DEM Bare earth surface model Contours draped on surface Contours Photography draped over LiDAR data Contours draped over orthophotography

11. LiDAR Processing LiDARgrammetry

12. Hydro Breakline Collection Process (LiDARgrammetry) LIDAR Bald Earth DTM Supplemented with Breaklines Stereoscopic measurement 3D breaklines Support FDEM Water Body Linear Hydrographic Coastal Shorelines Road (EOP) Overpasses and Bridges Soft Features Islands Obscured Areas (vegetation)

13. LiDARgrammetry Contour Interpolation (1.0’) LIDAR Bald Earth GRID with Breaklines NMAS Correctly depict the terrain Smoothing Contiguous Topology Validated within the geodatabase edge-match at the correct z-elevation to neighboring counties Proper Coding Non-intersecting Dangles

14. Imagery with LiDAR DSS 39 MP RGB 39 Mega- pixel RGB Image Registered to LIDAR Collected at same Time as LiDAR

15. Imagery with LiDAR DSS 39 MP IR

16. Buildings Automated Polygons Automated generation Of building wire frame Automated generation Of building Polygons

17. Extraction of Buildings and Man-Made Features

18. LiDAR Application Trends Change Detection

19. Geomorphology Red relief improves what you can see

20. LiDAR Deliverables How should you receive your data? LiDAR formats LAS Ascii - can include x,y,z and any other LAS attributes ESRI Shapefile Raster DEM formats ("regular" spacing/gridded) Tiff Arc Binary GRID (a.k.a. ArcInfo Lattice) Arc Ascii GRID ERDAS img Imagery Intensity images (any raster format) Variety of types of rendering - hillshade, slope, aspect, etc. Contours GIS formats (e.g. ESRI Shapefile, ESRI Personal Geodatabase) CAD formats (e.g. DXF, DGN, DWG) Breakline/planimetric data GIS formats (e.g. ESRI Shapefile, ESRI Personal Geodatabase) CAD formats (e.g. DXF, DGN, DWG)

21. LiDAR Server

22. LiDAR Server

23. LiDAR Server and Google

24. Provides on-the-fly rendering capabilities directly from LAS point cloud. TIN surfaces Contours Profile Eliminates the need to create, store, and manage derivates. LAS file delivery to desktop Easily customizable through XML and client side applications LiDAR Server

25. LiDAR BLOG Submit any question about LiDAR http://LidarBlog.wordpress.com

26. Thank You! and Questions Graphics provided by Leica