This document discusses general objectives and philosophy. The general objectives include reflecting on daily experiences holistically, developing critical thinking skills, becoming truthful and service-oriented individuals, and committing to societal development. It also discusses reading and analyzing a situation where a student named Juan answers that he wants to be happy when asked what he wants to be, and contemplating Juan's perspective. Key questions about life and finding answers are mentioned. Philosophy is defined as the love of wisdom involving both knowledge and action. The document touches on various philosophers and concepts in philosophy like reflection.

2. GENERAL OBJECTIVES
• REFLECT ON THEIR DAILY EXPERIENCES USING A
HOLISTIC POINT OF VIEW
• ACQUIRE AND APPLY CRITICAL AND ANALYTICAL
THINKING SKILLS IN DAILY LIFE
• BECOME TRUTHFUL, ENVIRONMENT- FRIENDLY,
AND SERVICE ORIENTED INDIVIDUALS,
• ACTIVELY COMMIT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF
THE SOCIETY
• ARTICULATE YOUR OWN PHILOSOPHY IN LIFE

3. READ AND ANALYZE
• TEACHER: JUAN, WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE
TO BE WHEN YOU GROW UP?
• JUAN: MA’AM, I WANT TO BE HAPPY!
• TEACHER: JUAN, YOU DID NOT
UNDERSTAND MY QUESTION.
• JUAN: MA’AM, YOU DO NOT
UNDERSTAND WHAT LIFE IS ALL ABOUT.

4. • DO YOU THINK THAT JUAN’S ANSWER
WAS APPROPRIATE FOR HIS TEACHER’S
QUESTION?
• WHAT DO YOU THINK WAS JUAN’S
INTERPRETATION OF HIS TEACHER’S
QUESTION?
• WHAT KIND OF STUDENT DO YOU
IMAGINE JUAN TO BE?
• HOW IS PHILOSOPHY RELATED TO THIS
SITUATION?

5. •WHAT QUESTIONS
ABOUT YOUR LIFE ARE
YOU STRUGGLING TO
FIND ANSWERS TO?

6. EXPLAIN.
•EMPTYING CAN ATTAIN
WISDOM.
•EMPTYING CAN BE
INTELLECTUAL.

11. THERE ARE MANY QUESTIONS
SOME BIG QUESTION
What?
Why?
How?

12. WHAT IS
PHILOSOPHY?

13. What is ‘Philosophy’?
Philia =“love” sophia = “wisdom.”
(Pythagoras.)
Love for wisdom
Knowledge + Action = Wisdom
"The only true wisdom is in knowing
you know nothing ."
(Socrates)

14. INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
• Philosophy is
about:
• Finding answers to
serious questions
about ourselves
and about the
world we live in

15. MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY
• SCIENCE- BECAUSE THE INVESTIGATION IS
SYSTEMATIC.
• NATURAL LIGHT OF REASON- INVESTIGATE
THINGS NOT BY USING LABORATORY
INSTRUMENTS, USES NATURAL CAPACITY OR
SIMPLY HUMAN REASON
• STUDY OF ALL THINGS- OTHER SCIENCE
CONCERN THEMSELVES ON A PARTICULAR
OBJECT. THERE IS NO LIMITS. PHILOSOPHERS
QUESTIONS ALMOST EVERYTHING(HOLISTIC)

16. • FIRST CAUSE OR HIGHEST PRINCIPLE-
–PRINCIPLE OF IDENTITY- WHATEVER IS IS AND
WHATEVER IS NOT IS NOT, WHATEVER IS WHAT IT
IS.
–PRINCIPLE OF NON-CONTRADICTION- IT IS
IMPOSSIBLE FOR A THING TO BE AND NOT TO BE AT
THE SAME TIME.
–PRINCIPLE OF EXCLUDED MIDDLE- A THING IS
EITHER IS OR NOT, BE OR NOT TO BE.
–PRINCIPLE OF SUFFICIENT REASON- NOTHING
EXISTS WITHOUT A SUFFICIENT REASON

17. PHILOSOPHY AS AN ACTIVITY
•LEARNING BY DOING. (EFFORT)
•A MISTAKE SHOULD NOT STOP
US IN LEARNING BECAUSE
LEARNING IS A PAINFUL
PROCESS

18. WISDOM
•THE PRINCIPLE OF DOING THE
RIGHT THING AND THE WAY.
•THE QUALITY OF HAVING
EXPERIENCE, KNOWLEDGE, AND
GOOD JUDGEMENT, THE QUALITY
OF BEING WISE.

20. A PERSON WITH WISDOM HAVE A VERY GOOD
ATTITUDE.

21. JUSTICE
•THE PRINCIPLE OF
DOING THINGS
EQUALLY IN PUBLIC OR
PRIVATE

22. FORTITUDE
•THE PRINCIPLE OF NOT
FLEEING DANGER, BUT
MEETING IT.

23. TEMPERANCE
•THE PRINCIPLE OF
SUBDUING DESIRES AND
LIVING MODERATELY.

24. WHO IS A PHILOSOPHER?
•SEARCHES OF MEANING
•IS A CRITIC
–DON’T BE AFRAID TO BECOME A
CRITIC AS LONG AS YOU KNOW
WHAT IS RIGHT.

25. GRATITUDE IS WEALTH
•PERSON WHO ARE
GRATEFUL ARE THOSE
WHO ARE BLESSED.
•BE HAPPY ON WHAT WE
HAVE

27. NO CONTENTMENT

28. WHY IS THERE
NEED TO
PHILOSOPHIZE?

29. •SENSE OF WONDER
•DOUBT
•EXPERIENCE
•LOVER OF WISDOM

30. BIG
3
PHILOSOPHERS

31. • SOCRATES-does not record his
teachings,
• Combine humble spirit (do not claim
he is wise) and strict agnosticism(he
said he knows nothing)
• Earn enemies because he does not
collect fees just like the SOPHIST
doing.

32. •He was put on trial, and
condemned to death
•He was offered to the
possibility to escape but he
refused.
•Poisoned.

33. • PLATO- student of Socrates
• Disgusted by the death of his teacher.
• He opened his famous ACADEMY.
• He is known for his METAPHYSICAL and
EPISTEMOLOGICAL ideas.
• Reality- experience- direct knowledge of
things. Learnings acquired through
experiences
• We are born in this world with an imperfect
memory!

34. • ARISTOTLE- student of PLATO for
almost 20 years.
• Tutor of ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
• Covered a wide scope.
• First to systematically developed the
study of logic.
• Deductive reasoning-specific to
general

35. FROM WONDER
TO WANDER

36. WHERE IT BEGINS?

40. GREEKS
ATHENIANS- MAN OF WISDOM
SPARTANS- MAN OF ACTION

41. GRECO-PERSIAN WAR
•BATTLE OF MARATHON-
PHEIDIPPIDES- 150 MILES 240 KM
•BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE-
LEONIDAS- EPHIALTES TRAITOR
•BATTLE OF SALAMIS- SHIPS

42. HOLISTIC
THINKING
• CONSIDERS LARGE- SCALE
PATTERNS IN SYSTEMS
• LOOKING AT THE BIG
PICTURE WHEN
DESCRIBING AND
ANALYZING A SITUATION
AND PROBLEM
• REQUIRES TO HAVE AN
OPEN MINDSET
PARTIAL
THINKING
• FOCUSES ON
SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF
A SITUATION
• FOCUSES ON
CERTAIN AREAS OR
ASPECTS OF A
PROBLEM IN ORDER
TO UNDERSTAND IT.

43. REFLECTION
•REQUIRES A PERSON TO BE
WILLING TO EXAMINE ONE’S
THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND
ACTIONS AND TO LEARN MORE
ABOUT ONE’S LIFE AND
EXPERIENCES.

44. QUESTIONS:
• HAVE YOU EVER TRIED TO DO
HOLISTIC VIEW IN LOOKING AND
DEALING AT A PROBLEM OR
SITUATION?
• HOW CAN HAVING A HOLISTIC
VIEW HELP US BECOME BETTER
INDIVIDUALS?

45. HAVE YOU EVER HAD AN
EXPERIENCE WHERE REFLECTING
ON YOUR ACTIONS BENEFITED
YOU?
HAS REFLECTION EVER HELPED YOU
AVAOID MAKING BAD DECISION?

46. SEATWORK
• YOU GO IN A RESTAURANT AND THE WAITER
HANDS YOU THE MENU. YOU ARE DECIDING
WHICH DISH TO ORDER.
• YOU AND YOUR FRIENDS ARE DECIDING ON A FUN
THING TO DO WHILE AT THE MALL.
• YOU OPEN YOUR WALLET AND SAW THAT YOU
STILL HAVE A HUNDRED PESO LEFT FROM YOUR
WEEKLY ALLOWANCE.
LIST DOWN SIMPLE YET SERIOUS QUESTIONS
YOU WOULD ASK YOURSELF IN THESE
SITUATIONS.

47. • YOU HEARD THAT ONE OF YOUR FRIENDS
WAS HURT IN A FIGHT WITH SOME
STUDENTS FROM A NEARBY SCHOOL. YOUR
OTHER FRIENDS APPROACH YOU SAYING
THAT THEY WANT YOU TO GO WITH THEM
AFTER THE CLASS TO LOOK FOR THE
STUDENTS WHO HURT YOUR FRIEND
HOW CAN REFLECTION HELP YOU TO SOLVE THE
FOLLOWING PROBLEMS?
GROUP 1

48. GROUP 2
• YOUR FAMILY HAS ALREADY MADE
PLANS TO GO ON VACATION BUT TWO
DAYS BEFORE YOUR TRIP, FTHER HAD
ANA ACCIDENT AND YOUR PLANNED
VACATION TO BE CANCELLED. YOUR
YOUNGER SISTER WAS REALLY LOOKING
FORWARD TO THE TRIP AND WAS UPSET
WITH YOUR FATHER FOR RUINING IT.

49. GROUP 3
• YOU HAVE BEEN SAYING YOUR EXTRA
ALLOWANCE IN ORDER TO BUY A NEW
PAIR OF RUBBER SHOES. YOUR MOTHER,
HOWEVER, IS ASKING YOU TO GIVE
YOUR MONEY TO YOUR SISTER SO SHE
CAN BUY A NEW BAG FOR SCHOOL.

50. GROUP 4
• ONE OF YOUR FRIENDS HAS UPLOADED
EMBARRASSING PICTURES OF ANOTHER
FRIEND ON AN ONLINE SITE. IT WAS
SUPPOSED TO BE A JOKE, BUT YOUR
OTHER FRINDA ARE ANGRY AT HER FOR
DOING IT AND ARE TELLING YOU NOT TO
TALK TO HER.

51. REFLECTING JOURNAL
• REFLECT ON YOUR LIFE SO FAR. CAN
YOU SAY THAT YOU HAVE LIVED A
MEANINGFUL LIFE, CONSIDERING ALL
YOUR EXPERIENCES AND
ACHIEVEMENTS? WHAT DO YOU
CONSIDER THE “HIGHLIGHTS” OF YOUR
LIFE. WHAT THINGS ARE YOU LOOKING
FORWARD TO IN THE FUTURE?

52. MAKE A POSTER SHOWING
YOUR LIFE IN ITS TOTALITY
AND HOW YOUR VARIOUS
EXPERINCES CONTRIBUTED
TO GIVE MEANING TO YOUR
LIFE.

53. THANK
YOU!!!
--THE END--

54. ACTIVITY # 1

55. • An out of control tram will soon kill 5
people who are stuck on the track.
• You can flick a switch to divert the
tram to another track where only one
person is stuck.
• Should you flip the switch?
• Should you kill one person to save
five?

56. • You are a surgeon with six
patients.
• Five of them need major organ
transplants.
• The sixth, an ideal donor for all
the relevant organs, is in hospital
for a minor operation.
• Should you kill one person to save
five?

57. DAY 2

58. Bring the following :
•Colored papers
•scissors

60. Have you ever looked in the
mirror and asked:
Who am I?
Why am I here?
What should I do
with my life?
ACTIVITY # 2