This document provides an overview of the Java Persistence API (JPA). It defines JPA as a framework that allows developers to manage relational data in Java applications. JPA consists of an API, the Java Persistence Query Language, and object-relational metadata. It defines an Entity Manager runtime API to process queries and transactions on objects in the database. JPA aims to provide a simpler object-relational mapping approach compared to earlier specifications like EJB2. Some key benefits of JPA include requiring fewer classes, using annotations instead of descriptors, and adding support for concepts like polymorphism and inheritance.

1. CIS 764
Kansas State University
Directed by Riyad AlRihieli
Java Persistence API
JPA

2. Review Topics:
 Introduction
 what is the JPA?
 What is the JPA contains of?
 Why developers should Create the JPA?
 Is there Relationship between the EJB and JPA?
 What the JPA dose exactly?
 Sample process of java persistence API.
 Comparing between the EJB3 and the EJB2?
 What the advantages of using the JPA?
 what is my Tutorial ?
 Questions?

3. Introduction
 One of the significant improvement in the java plate
form is the JPA.
 This is because it offers developers much easier way
to access and manipulate relational data in the java
application.
 There is more than that .
 The reaction to the java persistence has been
extremely positive from the java community
 JPA has had a good start with strong acceptance by
the java developers.

4. What is JPA?
 JPA stands for a java persistence API which is Javax.
Persistence Package. Basically , it is a Java programming
Language framework that helps developers to control relational
data in java platform. The JPA exactly was described as part of
the EJB3.0 , which is a replacement to the EJB2CMP Entity
Beans specification, specification . As we know that a java
persistence API is the newest of several Java persistence
specifications.

5. What is persistence consists of.. ?
 Any persistence consists of there Areas:
 The API, defined in the Javax. Persistence
package
 The java persistence Query Language
 Object / relational meta data.

6. What JPA does exactly?
 JPA defined a runtime Entity Manger API
processing queries and transaction on the
objects against the database.
 It is defined a objects-level query language
JPQL to allow querying of the objects from
the database.

7. What is java persistence query language is
used for?
 Basically, JPQL stands for Java Persistence
Query Language. And it is used to make
queries for against entities stored in a
relational database. Queries resemble SQL
queries in syntax, but operate against entity
objects rather than directly with database
tables.

8. Is there relationship between the JPA
and EJB?
 The answer is yes , there is a relationship
between Java Persistence API(JPA) and
Enterprise Java Beans (EJB).
 java persistence is a part of EJB which is it part
of the Java EE5. Also, developers do not require
EJB container in order to run applications, which
use persistence. The API might be used
outside the container within Java EE and
can even stand alone in the Java
Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE).

9. Sample Process of Using Java
Persistence API

10. Why we should use the Java Persistence
API?
 There is a great Motivation for creating JPA
 Many enterprise Java developers have been using
lightweight persistent objects, which supported by
open-source frameworks or data access objects as a
substitute of entity beans. This is because entity
beans and enterprise beans were too heavyweight
and complicated. Furthermore, they could only be
used in Java EE application servers.

11. Comparing the EJB3 and the EJB2
 In fact, there are many differences, which are the advantages of
EJB3.0, between the EJB 2.1 version EJB 3.0 version :
The EJB 3.0 EJB 2.1
1. Annotations and default replace
a lot of cumbersome code.
2. Persistence entities are simple
concrete ,and plain old java
object ( POJO)classes that
developers can run as they
would any other simple java
technology classes
3. The API provides capabilities ,
such as inheritance and
polymorphism.
1. Developers have to create
lengthy, complicated ,and
deployment descriptors in
the application that use EJB
technology.
2. Developers have to
implement the various
abstract classes , interfaces,
and interface methods
whether they use them or
not.
3. Those capabilities are not

12. Example: to illustrate more
 In the EJB 3.0 entity, java developers do not require to code
interfaces such as LocalAddressHome and LocalAddress - or even a
deployment descriptor. What they need to have just the entity class.
This is because in the application's EJB 3.0 version, what's required
for an entity has been reduced from three classes -- for local interfaces
and a business class -- to one entity class. In addition to that , they
don’t need to implement the EJBObject and EJBLocalObject
interfaces. For instance, a session bean now need only a bean class
and a business interface, which is a simple Java technology interface.

13. Let’s look to Another Example
 In this example, java developers can map a hierarchy of
entities, where one entity subclasses another, to a relational
database structure, and submit queries against the base class.
The queries are treated polymorphically against the entire
hierarchy.

14. Summary of the Advantages of JPA
 JPA Requires Just smaller number of classes and
interfaces
 It gets rid of lengthy deployment descriptors through
annotations
 JPA Addresses most typical specifications through
annotation defaults.
 JPA supports easier, cleaner, and standardized object-
relational mapping.
 It add support for polymorphism, and inheritance.
 Also, dynamic queries and named queries is added to the
JPA
 Supports a Java Persistence query language -- an
improved EJB QL
 Makes it easier to test entities outside of the EJB container
 Can be used outside of the container

15. what is my Tutorial ?
double Click on the picture to see the tutorial

16. References
 Wikipedia ebsite ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Persistence_API)
 Answer website http://www.answers.com/Java%20Persistence%20API
 http://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/tutorial/doc/bnbqa.html
 Project Using Generics with Java Persistence by Sean Brydon,
Inderjeet Singh
(https://blueprints.dev.java.net/bpcatalog/ee5/persistence/generics.htm
l)
 Java Persistence API 2.0—A Great Start Gets Better (TS-4945) by Ed
ort.(http://java.sun.com/javaone/sf/2007/articles/persistence2_0.jsp)
 Article : The Java Persistence API - A Simpler Programming Model for
Entity Persistence byBy Rahul Biswas and Ed Ort, May 2006
(http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/J2EE/jpa/)

17. Questions
If you want to know more about JPA ,
just read this book
By