4. • Florence Firenze 佛羅倫斯 翡冷翠
• Florence (Italian: Firenze [fiˈrɛntse] ( listen),
alternate obsolete form: Fiorenza; Latin:
Florentia) is the capital city of the Italian
region of Tuscany and of the province
of Florence. It is the most populous city in
Tuscany, with approximately 370,000
inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in
the metropolitan area.
• Located on the banks of the River Arno,
Florence is famous for its history and
especially its importance in the Middle Ages
and during the Renaissance, its art and
architecture and, more generally, for its
cultural heritage. A centre of medieval
European trade and finance and one of the
wealthiest cities of the time, Florence is
considered the birthplace of the Renaissance,
and has been called the Athens of the
Middle Ages. A turbulent political history
includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici
family, and numerous religious and republican
revolutions. From 1865 to 1870 the city was
also the capital of the recently established
Kingdom of Italy.
Girolamo Savonarola being burnt at the stake in 1498
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5. • T he historic centre of Florence a cts millions of tourists ea yea a Euromonitor I nterna l ra
ttra ch r, nd tiona nked
the city a the world‘s 72nd most visited in 2009, with 1 ,685,000 visitors. I t wa decla a
s s red
World Herita Site UN ESCO in 1 982. D ue to Florence’s a
ge rtistic a a
nd rchitectura herita it ha been
l ge, s
ra nked by Forbes a one of the most bea
s utiful cities in the world, a the city is noted for its history, culture,
nd
Rena nce a a a
issa rt nd rchitecture a monuments. T he city a conta numerous museums a a ga
nd lso ins nd rt lleries,
such a the Uffizi Ga
s llery a the Pitti Pa ce, a
nd la mongst others, a still exerts a influence in the fields of a
nd n rt,
culture a politics.
nd
• Florence is a a importa city in I ta n fa
lso n nt lia shion, being ra nked within the top fifty fashion ca ls of the
pita
world; furthermore, it is a a maor na l economic centre, being a tourist a industria hub. I n
lso j tiona nd l
2008, the city ha the 1 7th highest a ge income in I ta
d vera ly.
• History
• Florence originated as a Roman city, and later, after a period as a flourishing
trading and banking medieval commune, it was the birthplace of the Italian
Renaissance (or the "Florentine Renaissance"). According to the
Encyclopædia Britannica, it was politically, economically, and culturally one of the
most important cities in Europe and the world from the 14th century to the 16th
century.
• The language spoken in the city there during the 14th century was, and still is,
accepted as the Italian language. Almost all the writers and poets in the Italian
literature of the golden age are somewhat connected with Florence, leading
ultimately to the adoption of the Florentine dialect, above all the local dialects, as a
literary language of choice.
The façade of the Cathedral
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8. • Starting from the
late Middle Ages,
Florentine money
—in the form of
the gold florin—
financed the
development of
industry all over
Europe, from
Britain to Bruges,
to Lyon and
Hungary.
Florentine
bankers financed
the English kings
during the
Hundred Years War
, as well as the
papacy, including
the construction
of their
provisional capital
of Avignon and,
after their return
to Rome, the
reconstruction
and Renaissance
embellishment of
the latter.
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9. • Florence was home to the Medici, one of history's most important noble families.
Lorenzo de' Medici was considered a political and cultural mastermind of Italy in
the late 15th century. Two members of the family, were popes as Leo X and
Clement VII in the early 16th century. Catherine de Medici, married king Henry II of
France and, after his death in 1559, reigned as regent in France. The Medici
reigned Grand Dukes of Tuscany starting with Cosimo I de' Medici in 1569, until
the death of Gian Gastone de' Medici in 1737.
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27. • P iazza del Duomo, Florence
• P iazza del Duomo (English: "Ca thedra Squa is loca in the hea of the historic center of Florence, (T usca - I ta I t is one of the most visited pla in Europe a
l re") ted rt ny ly). ces nd
the world; here we ca find the Florence Ca
n thedra with the Cupol del B runeles hi, the Giotto' s Ca nile, the Florence B a
l a lc mpa ptistery, the Loggia del Biga the Opera del D uomo
llo,
M useum, a the Arcivescovile a Ca
nd nd nonici' s pa ce. T he west zone of this squa is ca Sa Giova squa
la re lled n nni re.
• 主教座堂廣場( Pia del D uomo )位於義大利佛羅倫斯市中心,佛羅倫斯主教座堂和聖喬凡尼洗禮堂都位於廣場上。
zza
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34. • Piazza della Signoria 領主廣場
• Piazza della Signoria is an L-shaped square in front of the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, Italy. It was named after the Palazzo della
Signoria, also called Palazzo Vecchio. It is the focal point of the origin and of the history of the Florentine Republic and still maintains its
reputation as the political hub of the city.[1] It is the meeting place of Florentines as well as the numerous tourists, located near
Ponte Vecchio and Piazza del Duomo and gateway to Uffizi Gallery.
• The impressive 14th century Palazzo Vecchio is still preeminent with its crenellated tower. The square is also shared with the
Loggia della Signoria, the Uffizi Gallery, the Palace of the Tribunale della Mercanzia (1359) (now the Bureau of Agriculture), and the
Palazzo Uguccioni (1550, with a facade attributed to Raphael, who however died thirty years before its construction). Located in front of
the Palazzo Vecchio is the Palace of the Assicurazioni Generali (1871, built in Renaissance style).
• 領主廣場是佛羅倫斯的中心廣場,呈「 L 」形,市政廳舊宮及其鋸齒形塔樓是廣場上的主要建築,至今仍是該市政治和社會生活的中心。
廣場上羅列著眾多的雕塑傑作,例如大衛像的複製品、科西莫一世青銅騎馬像、海神噴泉[6]、海格力斯和凱克斯等等,如同一座壯麗的露天
博物館。
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41. • Piazza della Repubblica
(Italian pronunciation:
[ˈpjattsa dɛlla reˈpubblika],
Republic Square) is a
city square in Florence, Italy.
It is on the site, first of the
city's forum and then of the
city's old ghetto, which was
swept away during the city
improvement works or
Risanamento initiated during
the brief period when
Florence was the capital of a
reunited Italy, work that also
created the city's avenues
and boulevards. The ghetto's
remains may still be seen in
the square, as may the
Mercato Vecchio, the
Loggia del Pesce. Among the
square's cafes, the
Giubbe Rosse cafe has long
been a meeting place for
famous artists and writers,
notably those of Futurism.
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43. • Piazza Santa Croce
• 聖十字廣場
• Piazza Santa Croce is one of
the main squares of the
centre of Florence, Italy. It is
located near
piazza della Signoria and the
National Central Library, and
takes its name by the
Basilica of Santa Croce that
overlook the square.
• 聖十字廣場是另一個面積較大
的廣場,位於
佛羅倫斯聖十字大殿之前,形
狀大致為矩形,在文藝復興時
期成為節慶、表演和競賽活動
理想地點進行,例如每年 6 月
仍在此舉行的「化妝足球」(
Ca in costume )比賽。
lcio
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45. • Santa Maria Novella is a
church in Florence, Italy,
situated just across from the
main railway station which
shares its name.
Chronologically, it is the first
great basilica in Florence, and
is the city's principal
Dominican church.
• The church, the adjoining
cloister, and chapterhouse
contain a store of art
treasures and funerary
monuments. Especially
famous are frescoes by
masters of Gothic and
early Renaissance. They
were financed through the
generosity of the most
important Florentine families,
who ensured themselves of
funerary chapels on
consecrated ground.
• 新聖母廣場的正面是華麗的
新聖母大殿,是佛羅倫斯的主
要廣場之一。
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51. • Durante degli Alighieri, mononymously referred to as Dante (UK /ˈdænti/, US /ˈdɑːnteɪ/;
Italian: [ˈdante]; c1265–1321), was an Italian poet, prose writer, literary theorist, moral
philosopher, and political thinker. He is best known for the monumental epic poem La
commedia, later named La divina commedia (Divine Comedy), considered the greatest
literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature.
• In Italy he is known as il Sommo Poeta ("the Supreme Poet") or just il Poeta. Dante,
Petrarch, and Boccaccio are also known as "the three fountains" or "the three crowns".
Dante is also called the "Father of the Italian language".
• 但丁 · 阿利吉耶里(義大利語: Dante A lighieri , 1 265 年- 1 321 年 9 月 1 4 日),義大利
中世紀詩人,現代義大利語的奠基者,歐洲文藝復興時代的開拓人物,以史詩《神曲》留
名後世。但丁被認為是義大利最傑出的詩人,也是西方最傑出的詩人之一,全世界最偉大
的作家之一。恩格斯評價說:「封建的中世紀的終結和現代資本主義紀元的開端,是以一
位大人物為標誌的,這位人物就是義大利人但丁,他是中世紀的最後一位詩人,同時又是
新時代的最初一位詩人」。
• 但丁出生在義大利的佛羅倫斯一個沒落的貴族家庭,生於 1 265 年,出生日期不清,按他自
己在詩中的說法「生在雙子座下」,應該是 5 月下旬或 6 月上旬。 5 歲時生母去世,父親
續弦,後母為他生了兩個弟弟、一個妹妹。
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52. Dante, poised
between the
mountain of
purgatory and the
city of Florence,
displays the
famous incipit Nel
mezzo del cammin
di nostra vita in a
detail of Domenico
di Michelino's
painting, Florence
1465
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60. 李常生 Eddie lee 3/29/201 2 T a T a n R.O.C.
ipei iwa
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia a internet
, nd
leechangsheng5555@ il.com
gma
T ha for the a grea Photogra
nks ll t phers in the w9orld.
T o be continued… … . 請繼續收看續輯
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