Introdction to Geo technical Engineering

SIVA
1
Introduction to Geotechnical
Engineering
ground

SIVA Copyright © 2001
2
Typical Geotechnical Project
construction site
Geo-Laboratory
~ for testing
Design Office
~ for design & analysis
soilsamples
soil properties
design details

4
bed rock
firm
ground
Shallow Foundations
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for firm soils or light loads

Shallow Foundations

6
bed rock
weak soil
Deep Foundations
P
I
L
E
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for weak soils or heavy loads

7
Deep Foundations
Driven timber piles, Pacific Highway

8
Retaining Walls
~ for retaining soils from spreading laterally
Road
Train
retaining
wall

9
Earth Dams
~ for impounding water
soil
reservoir
clay
core shell

10
Concrete Dams
reservoir
soil
concrete dam

11
Concrete Dams
Three Gorges Dam, Hong Kong

12
Concrete Dams

13
Earthworks
Roadwork, Pacific Highway
~ preparing the ground prior to construction

14
Construction hazard
~ an unwelcome visitor at an earthwork site.
A dead Anaconda python (courtesy: J. Brunskill)
What does it have
to do with Geo?#!

15
Geofabrics
~ used for reinforcement, separation, filtration and
drainage in roads, retaining walls, embankments…
Geofabrics used on Pacific Highway

16
Reinforced Earth Walls
~ using geofabrics to strengthen the soil

17
Soil Nailing
~ steel rods placed into holes drilled into the walls
and grouted

18
Sheet Piles
~ sheets of interlockingsteel or timber driven into
the ground, forming a continuous sheet
ship
warehouse
sheet pile

19
Sheet Piles
~ resist lateral earth pressures
~ used in excavations, waterfront structures, ..

20
Sheet Piles
~ used in temporary works

21
Sheet Piles
~ interlocking sections

22
Cofferdam
~ sheet pile walls enclosing an area, to
prevent water seeping in

23
Landslides

24
Shoring
propping and supporting the exposed walls to
resist lateral earth pressures

25
Tunneling

26
Blasting
For ore recovery in mines

27
Ground Improvement
Impact Roller to Compact the Ground

28
Ground Improvement
Sheepsfoot Roller to Compact Clay Soils

29
Ground Improvement
Smooth-wheeled Roller

30
Ground Improvement
Big weights dropped
from 25 m, compacting
the ground.
Craters formed in compaction

31
Environmental Geomechanics
Waste Disposal in Landfills

32
Instrumentation
~ to monitor the performances of earth and
earth supported structures
~ to measure loads, pressures, deformations,
strains,…

Soil Testing
Cone Penetration Test Truck – Lavarach Barracks, Townsville

Soil Testing
More Field Tests
Standard Penetration TestVane Shear Test

35
Soil Testing
Triaxial Test on Soil Sample in Laboratory

36
Soil Testing
Variety of Field Testing Devices

37
Typical Safety Factors
Type of Design Safety
Factor
Probability of
Failure
Earthworks 1.3-1.5 1/500
Retaining
structures
1.5-2.0 1/1500
Foundations 2.0-3.0 1/5000

38
Some unsung heroes of Civil Engineering…
… buried right under your feet.
foundations soil
exploration
tunneling

Great Contributors to the Developments
in Geotechnical Engineering

Karl Terzaghi
1883-1963
C.A.Coulomb
1736-1806
WJM Rankine
1820-1872 A.Casagrande
1902-1981
L. Bjerrum
1918-1973
A.W.Skempton
1914-
G.F.Sowers
1921-1996
G.A. Leonards
1921-1997
Siva’s teacher in USA –
deserves gold frame
Siva’s teacher in USA –
deserves gold frame

Geotechnical Engineering Landmarks

42
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Our blunders become monuments!

43
Hoover Dam, USA
Tallest (221 m) concrete dam

44
Petronas Tower, Malaysia
Tallest building in the
world

45
and….
Monuments

46
Some Suggestions
Thou shall not wait till the last minute.

47
Exams
My mama always said, “Exam is like a box
of chocolates; you never know what you
are gonna get”

49
Geo-engineering at JCU
CS2005
Geo-engineering I
CS3002
Geo-engineering I
CS4001
Geo-engineering I
Postgrad
MEngSc/PhD

50
Practicals
~ five practical sessions
~ closed footwear must be worn in the
lab

51
Laboratory Staff
Neville Hines & Rudd Rankine

52
Soil Testing
Being Pushed around by my Supervisors
Purdue University, USA

53
Quizzes
 about 4-6, 50 minutes each
 open book
How?
Why?
 to reinforce main points
 provides a wake up call
 form of assessment

54
Past CS2005 Grades
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
HD 5 1 1 3 3 0
?
D 4 2 3 2 9 6
C 15 12 6 7 7 2
P 12 8 8 6 10 8
P- 6 0 2 4 1 5
N 12 10 12 14 9 13
X 0 0 3 3 3 1
Total 54 33 35 39 42 35

55
Some Suggestions
Work in groups.

56
Some Suggestions
Attend the lectures.
Develop a good feel for the subject.
It takes longer to understand
from the lecture notes
It is practical, interesting and
makes lot of sense.

Introdction to Geo technical Engineering

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to Introdction to Geo technical Engineering

More from Latif Hyder Wadho

Recently uploaded

Introdction to Geo technical Engineering

Editor's Notes