This document provides an introduction to structured programming and object-oriented programming (OOP). For structured programming, it discusses the concepts of sequence, selection, and iteration constructs. It also provides an example of modeling a game as a structured program. For OOP, it discusses the three main concepts of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Encapsulation involves defining the attributes and methods of an object. Inheritance allows a subclass to inherit attributes and methods from a superclass. Polymorphism allows methods to perform different actions depending on the object type. Real-world examples are provided to illustrate each OOP concept. The document concludes by suggesting an activity to apply the structured and OOP concepts to

1. INTRODUCTION TO
PROGRAMMING
K.KHAJA MOHIDEEN, B.Sc(CS), M.C.A., M.Phil., M.E.(CSE) , MCSA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
AALIM MUHAMMED SALEGH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

2. Introduction
 Concept of structured programming
 Concept of Object Oriented programming
 Encapsulation
 Inheritance
 Polymorphism

3. STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING
HOW TO PLAY
Initialize the game
Draw the screen
Make moves
Until end of game
Get move from user
Check validity of move
Check if piece taken
Re-draw screen
Check if the game ended
MANUAL
PROCESS

4. STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING
 Focus on process and sub process
 The logic flow of program must show clearly.
 Required previous knowledge of programming
construction
 Sequence Construct
 Selection Construct
 Iteration Construct

5. Activity
Place : Auto teller Machine
Story : You go to the bank to withdraw your
money to pay the course fee. Please find the
process to withdraw the money from bank.
Purpose : Relating this process with structured
programming principles
Tools to design (requirement) : construct a flow
chart or pseuducode.

6. OBJECT ORIENTED
BOARD PIECE
Hi I am a Castle.
What I have?
What I can do?
SQUARE

7. OBJECT ORIENTED
 Focus on object
 Support THREE principles
 Encapsulation
 Inheritance
 Polymorphism
 Collect all related objects into a system
 Need to find out the characteristics of object
 Check the hierarchic of object if any.
 Check required characteristic from other object

8. ENCAPLUSATION
What book have?
How book stocked in library?
What student have?
What normally student do in library?
Finding the
characteristics
Finding the objects
Library
Class/Object
Attributes
Methods

9. ENCAPSULATION
Need to find out the characteristics of object
 Find out the attributes(state) of an object
 Find out the behavior (methods) of an object

10. INHERITANCE
ME
[GEORGE, MALE, 12,
SCHOOL]
FATHER
[SIMONS, MALE, 34,
JOBS]
GRANDFATHER
[JOHN,MALE,78]
UNCLE
[ARNOLD, MALE, 30,
BUSINESS]
LEFT HANDED
COLOR BLIND
LEFT HANDED & COLOR BLIND
LEFT HANDED
MY FAMILY

11. Inheritance
 Super class (based class) share its attributes
methods to the subclass (derived class)
OR
 Subclass (derived class) inherits super class
(based class) attributes and methods.
Super class is
a class which
have
dominant
attributes and
methods
Sub class is a
class which have
less dominant
attributes and
methods related
to super class

12. POLYMORPHISM
Academic Dept
Operation Dept Account Dept
Student Details Report (X)
Student No
Name
Marks
Grade
Student No
Name
Gender
Status
Student No
Name
Payment
Balance
Innovative
Informatics
Students
parameter

13. Polymorphism
 A methods which have different form of
actions
 In the java programming you are allow to
have
 two or more methods with a same name
 They are different action to perform certain task

14. Activity
ENCAPSULATION
POLYMORPHISM
INHERITANCE

15. Real Life Problem
Object Oriented
Structured
Different Structured and OOP
Logic