Poetry uses specific literary techniques like rhyme, meter, and figurative language to express the poet's personal feelings about a subject in a beautiful way. Some common poetic devices include simile, metaphor, personification, symbolism, hyperbole, alliteration, assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, rhyme, repetition, and refrain. These devices help poets craft language to create a sense of beauty rather than just convey information.

1. Poetry is a form of literature that has a special
form on the page, employs certain sound
devices, like rhyme and meter, and expresses
the personal experience of the poet about its
subject.
The poet uses language not to convey
information, but to express his feelings in a
beautiful way. In other words, language is used
in poetry to create a sense of beauty.

2.  Simile
 Metaphor
 Personification
 Symbol
 Hyperbole

3. A simile is a comparison of two things that share the same
quality, using the words like or as.
Examples :
Muhammad is brave like a lion.
Faris is intelligent.
Faris is as intelligent as Newton.
Faris is intelligent like a fox.
Life is like a box of chocolates.
• Life has different tastes like a box of chocolates.
• The child is as beautiful as a flower.
• He lifted his head as proud as a deer.
• The road was as flat as a board.
• He is as busy as a bee
• He is as brave as a lion.
• She slept like a baby
Faisal is as cute as a cat/

4. Metaphor is a comparison between two unrelated
things that share a common quality, without using
words like or as.
Examples:
Faris is a fox.
Life is a journey. She is a peacock.
He has a heart of stone.
Success is sweet.
Laughter is the best medicine.
The world is a stage.
A storm of sorrows has engulfed him.

5. .1
Living Beings
‫الكائنات‬
‫الحية‬
(Move, Eat, Excrete, Think, Emotions )
.2
Non living Beings
‫الكائنات‬
‫غير‬
‫الحية‬
(Opposite) (Everyone follows me. Look, even the
door is following (moving) me)
 Giving human qualities to an inanimate object
Example:
•
The moon (non-living) smiled (quality of living being) down on us.
•
Victory (non-living) has a hundred fathers (quality of living being), but defeat (non-
living) is an orphan (quality of living being).
• The meadows awakened with the sound of the
frogs.
• The moon climbed the sky in her silver shoes.
• Opportunity knocked at her door.
• Success was calling my name.

6.  A word or object that has its own meaning
and represents another word, object or idea .
 Example:
• I was angry with my friend but then I sent
him a dove.
• The heart is a symbol of love.
• The dove is a symbol of peace
• The journey or voyage can be a symbol of
life.
• The apple can be a symbol of temptation.
After apple picking, I am tired and want to take
a rest.

7.  Exaggeration that is often used for emphasis
 Examples:
• I’ve told you a million times.
• I have a million things to do.
• I had a ton of homework.
• I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
• That was the easiest question in the world.
• My mom is going to kill me.
• His smile was a mile wide.

8. • Alliteration
• Assonance
• Consonance
• Onomatopoeia
• Rhyme
• Repetition
• Refrain

9.  Alliteration is the repetition of initial
consonant sounds
 (a,e,i,o,u): Vowel sounds
(b,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,p,q,r,s,t,v,w,x,y,z)
(Consonant sounds)
Examples :
• “She sells seashells at the sea shore”.
• Mike’s microphone is making much noise.
• Sara’s seven sisters slept soundly in the
sand.
• Dan’s dog is drinking dirty water.

10.  Consonance is the repetition of consonant
sound anywhere in the words. In alliteration
the repeated consonant sounds are the
beginning of words.
 Examples :
• Bring string Short sweet first last door odour
stand instead Pass silently.

11.  Repeated VOWEL sounds(a,e,i,o,u) in a line or
lines of poetry.
 Examples:
• Lake Fate Base Fade. All share the long “a”
sound.
• time mind free easy high sky door four

12. Words sound alike because they share the
same ending vowel (a,e,i,o,u) and consonant
sounds (b,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,p,q,r,s,t,v,w,x,y,z).
Example:
LAMP & STAMP
Share the short “a” vowel sound
Share the combined “mp” consonant sound
Other examples:
bee, tree - day, play - see, thee

13. A word inside a line rhymes with another word
on the same line.
Example:
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered
weak and weary.
(From “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe)

14. A word at the end of one line rhymes with a
word at the end of another line .
Hector the Collector
Collected bits of string.
Collected dolls with broken heads
And rusty bells that would not ring.

15. Example:
ROSE – LOSE
Different vowel sounds (long “o” and “oo”
sound)
Share the same consonant sound
When the vowel sound is different but the last
consonant sound is the same.

16. Heavy is my heart, A
Dark are thine eyes B
Thou and I must part A
Ere the sun rise B
Rhyme Scheme: ABAB
Continuous as the stars that shine A
And twinkle on the milky way, B
They stretched in never-ending line A
Along the margin of a bay, B
Ten thousand saw I at a glance, C
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. C
Rhyme Scheme: ABABCC

17. A word whose sound imitates its meaning.
When a word and its sound are same.
Examples :
• The bee buzzed by my ear.
• The clock ticked down the final hour.
• The engine purred while awaiting the green
light.
Click

18. A word or phrase repeated within a line or
stanza Example.: “gazed and gazed”
The rose was so beautiful that I kept on gazing
and gazing at it.

19. Alliteration Repetition of
consonant sound
Beginning
Consonance Repetition of
consonant sound
Anywhere
Assonance Repetition of vowel
sound
Anywhere