The document presents a comprehensive analysis of the economic environments of India and Brazil, highlighting key sectors such as information technology, fishing, and forestry. It explores demographic details, industry contributions, trade agreements, and the cultural aspects that affect business practices in both countries. Additionally, it discusses IT interventions aimed at enhancing productivity and sustainable practices in the fishing and forestry industries.

1. Gujarat Technological University
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
&
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & GLOBAL BUSINESS
Economic environment of India and economic environment of south America
and brazil
&
Fishing & Forestry industry and IT intervention
A Project Of
Faculty Members- Dr. Sarika Srivastava
Dr. Krishna Parmar
Designation- ASSITANT PROFESSOR
ASSITANT PROFESSOR
Name of Student- Mitali kabra, Mudra jivani
Shrey Suthar, Shaina mousse
Enrolment No- 238390593028, 238390593025
238390593060, 238390593076
Graduate School Of Management Studies, GTU

2. A
Project Report
of
Economic environment of India and
economic environment of south America
and brazil
&
Fishing & Forestry industry and IT
intervention

3. The economic environments of two dynamic nations –
India and Brazil. This presentation delves into the
distinct economic landscapes, encompassing vital
sectors such as Information Technology (IT)
intervention, and sheds light on the nuances of the
fishing and forestry industries in these diverse countries.
Join us as we navigate through the economic intricacies
that shape the prosperity of India and Brazil.
INTRODUCTION

4. 01
About India
A vibrant blend of geography
culture,bridging tradition and
progress.
03
Trade
agreement
Brazil actively engages in international
trade through agreements, fostering
economic partnerships globally.
02
Profile of brazil
Brazil, sounth america’s largest
nation. Shares borders and boasts
industries forest, mining etc.
04 IT
intervention
brazil
Main topic of our project
Brazil's IT interventions propel digital
transformation nationwide."

5. About India
2. Demographic Factors
• India, world's most populous country with 1.42
billion people.
• Median Age: 28.2 years in 2023.
• Life Expectancy: 70.42 years in 2023.
1. Geographical Overview
• Seventh-largest country globally with an area of
3,287,263 sq. km.
• Surrounded by the Bay of Bengal, Lakshadweep
Sea, Indian ocean and Northern frontiers
defined by the Himalayas, while the western
border with Pakistan includes the Thar Desert.
India

6. 3. Culture
• Diverse culture with over 1.2 billion people.
• Hindi spoken by many, but 59% speak other languages.
• 20-40% of the population is vegetarian.
• Diwali, Janmashtami, Maha Shivaratri.
• Regional and religious variations in clothing styles.
4. Neighbouring Countries
• Afghanistan
• Bangladesh
• China
• Pakistan
• Sri Lanka
5. Famous Places
• Kazi Ranga National Park
• Red Fort
• Taj Mahal
• Ajanta Caves
• Mysore
• Hampi
• Gateway of India
6. Interesting fact
• Cows are sacred in India.
• Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world.
• India was the first place where shampoo was found.
• The world's first university was established in
Takshila in 700 BC.
• The Tiny Village of Madhopatti is Called the 'Officer's
Village of India'.

7. About Indian Economy
1. Various Sector
• They are three sectors in the Indian economy, they are:
 Primary economy: The sector which is largely dependent.
 Secondary economy: In terms of value added to the products and services.
 Tertiary economy: The largest in terms of share in GDP in India.
2. Major Production
 India is the world's largest producer of milk, pulses etc.
 the second largest producer of rice, wheat, fruit, and
cotton.
 one of the leading producers of spices, fish etc.

8. 3. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION
 The Real GDP growth for 2022-2023 is stated to be 7% as
opposed to the 2021-22 growth rate of 8.7%.
 In India, GDP has three key sectors segmentation –
industry, agriculture and associated services as well as
services.
4. INFLATION
 India’s retail inflation, which is measured by the consumer price index
(CPI), eased to a four-month low of 4.87% in Oct.
 The lowest CPI this year was recorded in May at 4.25%.
 In the last two years, CPI hit the highest of 7.79% in April 2022.
5. Growing Industries
 Renewable energy, healthcare and biotechnology,
crypto currency and block-chain, e-commerce.

9. Economic Environment & General Facts of the South
America
1. South America: Geographical Overview
 Located in the Western and Southern
Hemispheres.- Home to the Amazon
River, the world's largest, and the
Atacama Desert, the driest place.
 Twelve independent countries, including
Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
2. South America: Population and GDP
 Population: 441,082,781, 5.47% of the
world population.
 GDP: $4.04 trillion nominal in 2023; Latin
American countries are major economies.
South America

10. 3. South America: Climate and Culture
 Four climatic regions: tropical, temperate, arid, and cold.- Indigenous cultures thrive
strong family bonds; diverse music and dance.
4. South America: Natural Resources
 Abundant in oil, natural gas, iron ore, and nonferrous metals like copper.
5. South America: Major Countries and Interesting Facts
 Major countries include Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru.
 Interesting facts: Shortest coastline, diverse languages, unique customs in Paraguay,
world's second-largest swimming pool in Chile, and no McDonald's in Bolivia.
6. FAMOUS PLACES
 Machu Pichu, Peru, Iguazu Falls, Argentina and Brazil, Galapagos Islands,
Ecuador etc..
 And many other famous places are there in south America.

11. Profile of brazil
1. Geographical Location
• Brazil occupies a large area along the
eastern coast of South America. Shares
oceanic archipelagos like Fernando de
Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and
Paul Rocks, Trindade, and Martim Vaz.
• Northern Brazil dominated by the
Amazon River and the world's largest
jungle.
• Brazil has 10 neighbouring countries.
They are: Uruguay, Argentina,
Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Columbia etc.
Brazil

12. 2. Demographic Facts
• Brazil ranks number 7 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population.
• The current population of Brazil in 2023 is 216,936,903 a 0.52% increase from 2022.
• The population of Brazil in 2022 was 215,313,498, a 0.46% increase from 2021.
• LIFE EXPECTANCY 76.18 years(life expectancy at birth, both sexes) FEMALES 79.3
years(life expectancy at birth, females) MALES 73.1 years(life expectancy at birth,
males)
3. Major Industries
• Prominent sectors include petroleum processing, automotive manufacturing,
cement production, iron and steel manufacturing, chemical production, and
aerospace. These industries play a crucial role in the nation's economic development
and contribute significantly to its GDP.
• Brazil is the world’s sixth-largest consumer electricity market and has the seventh
largest electricity generation capacity in the world. The renewable energy sector
accounts for 83% of the Brazilian electricity matrix, while the global average is
around 25%.

13. Comparative Study Of Economic Environment Of
India & Brazil
• Both India and Brazil exhibit weaknesses in
the overall rule of law, with below-average
property rights scores and government
integrity scores. However, they differ in
judicial effectiveness, as India's score is above
the world average, while Brazil's is also above
average but not explicitly mentioned.
• In India, the top individual and corporate tax
rates are 30.9% and 32.4%, with a tax burden
of 12.0% of GDP. Government spending
averages 29.5% of GDP, resulting in a budget
deficit of -10.1%. Public debt stands at 84.2%
of GDP.
India and Brazil economy chart table

14. • In Brazil, the top individual and corporate tax rates are 27.5% and 34%, with a higher tax
burden of 31.6% of GDP. Government spending averages 38.7% of GDP, leading to a smaller
budget deficit of -7.9%. Public debt is higher at 93.0% of GDP.
• In India, there's a 12.6% average tax on traded goods, and there are more than 300 rules
beyond taxes that affect trade. The government checks on foreign investments, but some
rules have become a bit less strict. They've given money to government-owned banks, but
these banks still have a lot of unpaid loans.
• In Brazil, the average tax on traded goods is 10.0%, and there are over 600 rules beyond
taxes affecting trade. Foreign investment faces a lot of red tape. The financial sector has
competition, but the government is still very involved, with more than half the loans to
businesses coming from government-owned banks.
. Major Import & Export
• In 2021, Brazil held the 12th position in the world economy by GDP (current US$), Its total
exports placed it 24th globally, while total imports ranked 27th. Brazil was identified as the
49th most complex economy based on the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).

15. • Top Exports:
1)Iron Ore ($46.2B)
2)Soybeans ($39B)
• Major Export Partners:
1) China ($88.3B)
2) United States ($30.2B)
• Top Imports:
1)Refined Petroleum ($13.1B)
2)Motor vehicles; parts and accessories ($7.58B)
• Major Import Partners:
1) Germany ($12.4B)
2) India ($6.77B)
• Brazil's Dominance in 2021:- Largest global importer of Mixed Mineral or Chemical
Fertilizers, Pesticides, Nitrogenous Fertilizers, Potassic Fertilizers, and Phosphatic Fertilizers.
• Brazil's Dominance in 2021:- Largest global exporter of Soybeans, Raw Sugar, Poultry
Meat, Frozen Bovine Meat, and Sulfate Chemical Woodpul.

16. Impact of Culture & TradeAgreements
1. Business Meeting Etiquettes
 Business Mentality:
• Brazilians prioritize personal connections.
• Valued traits: patience, control
• Hierarchical decision- making leads to longer deals.
• greetings like "muito prazer“, “como vai”, “tudo bem”.
• Avoid politics and religion, mentioning Argentina.
 Body Language:
• Good eye contact expected.
• Back slapping common among men.
 Meetings and Dining:
• Dress smartly, with suits indicating status.
• Exchange business cards with translations.
• Schedule meetings two week in advance.

17. 2. Cultural impact on trade brazil
• Trade enhances Brazil's cultural landscape through diverse international interactions.
• Trade influences the global recognition of Brazilian culture through the export of
cultural products.
• Trade allows different regions in Brazil to showcase their unique products,
emphasizing the country's cultural diversity.
3. Important trade agreements
 Brazilian Trade Agreements and International Economic Relations.
- MERCOSUR
- ALADI
- UNASUR
- SELA
- Andean Community
- Africa-BRICS Cooperation
- The Economic Agreement India

18. 3. Trade Barriers
 Barriers for U.S. Companies: High tariffs, unpredictable tax burdens, and complex
legal systems.
 Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (ATEC): Focus areas: trade
facilitation, good regulatory practices, anti-corruption.
 INMETRO's New Regulatory Framework: Allows greater self-declaration and
acceptance of international tests.
4. Latest news:
 Politics: Brazil has assumed G20 Presidency emphasizing it as a unique opportunity
for the sustainable development agenda.
 Economy: Arena BSB consortium, managing Brazil's second-largest Mané Garrincha
Stadium Transformation football stadium.
 Society: Botafogo's Football League Twist in Cristiano Ronaldo's influence played a
role in changing the trajectory of Brazil's football league.
 Technology: Brazil dropped five places in the world Digital Competitiveness
Ranking, returning to 57th place.

19. Indian Industry & IT Intervention
1. Economic Contribution:
• Contributes 1.07% to India's GDP.
• Supports over 28 million livelihoods, particularly in marginalized communities.
2. Government Initiatives:
• Establishment of the Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying, and Fisheries in 2019 to
promote growth and sustainability.
3. Production Breakdown:
• Freshwater fishing constitutes 55% of total fish production (14.73 million metric tonnes in FY
2020-21).
• Aquaculture is the second-largest contributor after China.
A. Fishing Industry Overview:

20.  Fishing industry
• In 2019, recognizing the importance of the sector, the Ministry of Animal
Husbandry. 23 minor fishing harbours and 95 fish-landing centres are designated to
provide landing and berthing facilities to fishing craft:
Rank State Total production (lakh
metric tonnes}
1 Andhra Pradesh 34.5
2 West Bengal 17.42
3 Gujarat 8.34
4 Odisha 6.85
5 Tamil Nadu 6.82

21. 1. Forest Cover Expansion:
• Positive trajectory with annual growth rates.
• Substantial increases in specific regions.
2. Challenges:
• Energy needs and unsustainable practices (fuel-wood) linked to environmental
concerns.
3. National Forest Policy:
• Introduced in 1988, emphasizing Joint Forest Management.
• Engagement of local communities in forest protection.
.
B. Forestry Industry Overview:

22. state Area ( In square kilometres
Madhya Pradesh 77,482
Arunachal Pradesh 66,688
Chhattisgarh 55,611
Odisha 51,619
Maharashtra 50,778
 Forestry industry
• The 2019 forest census data thus obtained and published by the
Government of India suggests the five states with largest area under
forest cover as the following:

23. 1. Global Fishery Production:
• World capture fishery production: 93 million tonnes annually.
2. India Fishnet Portal:
• Multi-lingual Fisheries Information and e-Commerce Portal.
• Provides information on potential fishing zones
• based on remote sensing and historical data.
3. GIS-based Fisheries Monitoring:
• Geographical Information System for fisheries management.
• Displays spatial and temporal distribution of resources, breeding grounds, and legal
boundaries.
4. Monitoring, Control, and Surveillance System:
• Automated Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) to control fishing effort.
A. Fishing Industry IT Intervention Overview:

24. 1. Application in Agroforestry:
• Benefits of IoT: Interconnected devices for agroforestry data collection.
• Single-Window Platforms: Map, tag, and register agroforestry resources.
2. GIS and Remote Sensing:
• Monitor deforestation and changes in forest cover.
• Aid biodiversity mapping.
3. Smart Surveillance Systems:
• Detect illegal logging activities.
• Provide real-time alerts for prompt intervention.
4. Digital Platforms for Stakeholder Collaboration:
• Facilitate collaboration among various stakeholders.
B. Forestry Industry IT Intervention Overview:

25. IT intervention in Brazil
 The Brazilian Information Technology (IT) market was valued at US$45.2 b in 2022, growing
3 percent from 2021, according to the International Data Corporation (IDC)’s 2023 Brazil
Predictions study and a report by the Brazilian Association of Software Companies (ABES).
Brazil ranks 12th in the world IT market and represents 36.5% of the Latin American market.
 The software market is driven by security, data management, artificial intelligence (AI), and
customer experience (CX) solutions, and is expected to grow 15.1% in 2023. Half of the sales
in software will be Software as a Service (SaaS), projected to increase by 27.6% in 2023.
General IT services are estimated to grow 6.7% in 2023, specifically in application
management, consulting, and systems integration.
Leading
Sub-Sectors:
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• Security
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• Edge Computing
• Cloud
• Devices

26. Brazilian IT Market 2022 (US$ Million)
Hardware 24,680 54.5%
Software 11,666 25.8%
Services 8,897 19.7%
Total 45,243 100.0%
 Information Technology (IT):

27. Scope of IT intervention in fishing and forestry Industry
Opportunities
• By 2025, Brazil will be among the five largest markets in the world for smartphones,
with approximately 200 million connections. The Government of Brazil has
conducted several studies to improve the IT market and address challenges in
Brazil’s adoption of its Digital Transformation Strategy. Their development of
national strategies (such as the National IoT Strategy, the National Defence Strategy,
the National Cyber security Strategy, the Digital Governance Strategy, the National
Entrepreneurship and Start-up Plan, and the National Artificial Intelligence Strategy)
are designed to embrace the full potential of digital technologies to improve
Brazilian productivity and competitiveness.

28.  Fishing Industry
Fishery production in fresh and brackish waters is essentially artisanal. Fisheries and
aquaculture represent little more than 0.5 percent of the Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) of Brazil, which means they have low importance in the national economy,
however, locally fisheries play a significant role in the economy.
 Forestry Industry
The forestry sector represented 1.2% of the Brazilian National GDP and with a total
gross revenue of 97.4 billion Brazilian Reais (USD 17.7 billion), it has stood out as a
productive chain that is structured for the future, and above all, invests in research
for the development of products that are in line with the green economy. This
modern vision has allowed the sector to grow, even in difficult times, generating
opportunities for 3.75 million Brazilians across the country and by 2023 it should
create another 36 thousand new jobs.

29. • Forestry Case Study
Using Technology to Monitor Deforestation and Prevent Forest Fires in Brazil’s
Cerrado Biome
This project sought to achieve transformational impact by leveraging official, easily
accessible, web-based monitoring systems, using state-of-the-art technology to
deliver high-quality information about Brazil’s Cerrado Biome and use this information
to actively address deforestation and forest fires
• Fishing Industry Study Case
Fishermen in Brazil Use Technology to Transform a Community
Together, with our project partners, we launched “Fishing With 3G Nets” in 2010 to
bring the benefits of 3G connectivity to the fishing community of Santa Cruz Cabrália
to help improve and diversify their trade. We also sought to help improve the
environmental sustainability of the fishing industry

30. Conclusion
• Both countries place emphasis on sustainable practices, with India and Brazil
having rich fishery and forestry industries. These industries contribute
significantly to employment, export earnings, and overall economic
development.
• Understanding the nuances and strengths of these economies is crucial for
grasping their global significance and potential areas for future development.
• However, it's important to note that economic conditions are dynamic, and
on going developments may shape the trajectories of these nations in various
ways.

31. THANK YOU!