Iceland has a population of around 317,630 people as of January 2010, lower than the previous year. The main industries are fish processing, aluminum smelting, geothermal power production, and tourism. Over 80% of Iceland's primary energy comes from renewable sources like hydropower and geothermal. Iceland has a small, open economy that was successful until the 2008 financial crisis when its debt to GDP ratio rose and unemployment increased, leading it to seek loans to repay depositors and focus on lowering costs to boost exports.