Halloween is celebrated on October 31st at night, where children go house-to-house with friends wearing disguises to ask for candies and money while saying "trick or treat".
Halloween originated 2000 years ago in Ireland, England, and Northern France as part of the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, marking the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter. Celts believed the boundary between the living and the dead became blurred on Samhain, allowing spirits to return to earth. Christians later established All Saints' Day on November 1st to honor saints and martyrs, and All Souls' Day on November 2nd to commemorate the dead. Over time, Halloween traditions such as wearing costumes and going door-to-door collecting treats have developed from ancient Celtic harvest festivals and Christian holidays.
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st, with origins in Christianity and harvest festivals honoring the dead. Typical Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, where children dress up as scary characters and go door-to-door asking for candy or money, with the option to receive a treat or play a trick if none is given.
Halloween is traditionally celebrated on October 31st. It originated as a pagan festival connecting the living and the dead. Today, Halloween involves costume parties, trick-or-treating where children collect candy, and activities related to ghosts, witches, and other supernatural themes. Both children and adults celebrate through costumes, games like bobbing for apples, telling ghost stories, and carving faces into pumpkins to scare away spirits. In schools, children often dress up as storybook characters to make Halloween both fun and educational.
The narrator attended the most awkward Halloween party last night, where they were invited by a squirrel delivering the invitation to a deep, dark school. At the party, there were over 64 different costume options including fuzzy ghouls and mummified spoons, with loud tall music that made the narrator prophesize until their nostrils hurt. Various delicious treats were available to smell such as candy corn and chocolate-covered saddles, and favorite activities included pumpkin spooking and bobbing for fish.
Halloween originated from ancient festivals celebrating the dead. It is now celebrated on October 31st with costumes, trick-or-treating, and activities like carving jack-o'-lanterns and telling ghost stories. Traditionally, people believed ghosts and witches were active on Halloween, though today it is a holiday focused on community, costumes, and fun activities for children and adults alike.
Halloween originated from ancient festivals celebrating the dead. It is now celebrated on October 31st with costumes, trick-or-treating, and activities like carving jack-o'-lanterns. Jack-o'-lanterns are carved from pumpkins and come from an Irish legend about a man with a lantern who was doomed to wander the earth. Fortunetelling is also a popular Halloween tradition where symbols like coins and rings were used to predict the future.
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st in English and American countries. People dress up in costumes like ghosts, monsters, witches and wizards and have parties celebrating death. Children go trick-or-treating, saying "trick or treat" to neighbors, who typically give them candy in return. Black cats, pumpkins, skeletons, candles and spiders are symbols commonly associated with Halloween celebrations.
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st in English and American countries. People dress up in costumes like ghosts, monsters, witches and wizards and have parties celebrating death. Children go door-to-door saying "trick or treat" to neighbors, who typically give them candy. Black cats, pumpkins, skeletons, candles and spiders are symbols commonly associated with Halloween celebrations.
Halloween originated 2000 years ago in Ireland, England, and Northern France as part of the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, marking the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter. Celts believed the boundary between the living and the dead became blurred on Samhain, allowing spirits to return to earth. Christians later established All Saints' Day on November 1st to honor saints and martyrs, and All Souls' Day on November 2nd to commemorate the dead. Over time, Halloween traditions such as wearing costumes and going door-to-door collecting treats have developed from ancient Celtic harvest festivals and Christian holidays.
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st, with origins in Christianity and harvest festivals honoring the dead. Typical Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, where children dress up as scary characters and go door-to-door asking for candy or money, with the option to receive a treat or play a trick if none is given.
Halloween is traditionally celebrated on October 31st. It originated as a pagan festival connecting the living and the dead. Today, Halloween involves costume parties, trick-or-treating where children collect candy, and activities related to ghosts, witches, and other supernatural themes. Both children and adults celebrate through costumes, games like bobbing for apples, telling ghost stories, and carving faces into pumpkins to scare away spirits. In schools, children often dress up as storybook characters to make Halloween both fun and educational.
The narrator attended the most awkward Halloween party last night, where they were invited by a squirrel delivering the invitation to a deep, dark school. At the party, there were over 64 different costume options including fuzzy ghouls and mummified spoons, with loud tall music that made the narrator prophesize until their nostrils hurt. Various delicious treats were available to smell such as candy corn and chocolate-covered saddles, and favorite activities included pumpkin spooking and bobbing for fish.
Halloween originated from ancient festivals celebrating the dead. It is now celebrated on October 31st with costumes, trick-or-treating, and activities like carving jack-o'-lanterns and telling ghost stories. Traditionally, people believed ghosts and witches were active on Halloween, though today it is a holiday focused on community, costumes, and fun activities for children and adults alike.
Halloween originated from ancient festivals celebrating the dead. It is now celebrated on October 31st with costumes, trick-or-treating, and activities like carving jack-o'-lanterns. Jack-o'-lanterns are carved from pumpkins and come from an Irish legend about a man with a lantern who was doomed to wander the earth. Fortunetelling is also a popular Halloween tradition where symbols like coins and rings were used to predict the future.
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st in English and American countries. People dress up in costumes like ghosts, monsters, witches and wizards and have parties celebrating death. Children go trick-or-treating, saying "trick or treat" to neighbors, who typically give them candy in return. Black cats, pumpkins, skeletons, candles and spiders are symbols commonly associated with Halloween celebrations.
Halloween is celebrated on October 31st in English and American countries. People dress up in costumes like ghosts, monsters, witches and wizards and have parties celebrating death. Children go door-to-door saying "trick or treat" to neighbors, who typically give them candy. Black cats, pumpkins, skeletons, candles and spiders are symbols commonly associated with Halloween celebrations.
La biblioteca Cerro del Viento adquirió varios libros en diciembre de 2010, incluyendo Los gigantes de la luna de Gonzalo Moure, Betsabé nunca duerme de Carmen Gómez Ojea, Heródoto y la Historia de la editorial Alianza, Los girasoles ciegos y una obra ambientada en el Colegio Militar Leoncio Prado.
La biblioteca Cerro del Viento adquirió varios libros en diciembre de 2010, incluyendo Los gigantes de la luna sobre refugiados saharauis, Betsabé nunca duerme sobre una niña con poliomielitis, Heródoto y la Historia sobre el historiador clásico Heródoto, y Los girasoles ciegos con cuatro historias entrelazadas sobre personas vencidas en la posguerra española. También adquirió un libro ambientado en un colegio militar donde adolescentes reciben formación bajo una severa discipl
La villa romana de Almedinilla describe una comida romana en tres salas: el triclinium, donde los invitados reclinarían para comer; la comida incluiría platos servidos; la dieta romana se describe brevemente.
La villa romana de Almedinilla describe una comida romana en tres salas: el triclinium, donde los invitados reclinarían para comer; la comida incluiría platos servidos en mesas bajas; la comida romana se servía en mesas.
Este documento presenta las etapas de realización de una maqueta de una casa unifamiliar de dos plantas como proyecto escolar de Educación Plástica para el IES Cerro del Viento. Las etapas incluyen medir y cortar materiales, ensamblar las piezas, pintar y decorar la maqueta, y finalmente exhibirla en la biblioteca de la escuela del 24 de abril al 9 de mayo de 2010.
The document discusses different verb tenses in English:
1) The past simple tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past, like taking a trip to Paris with family last year.
2) The present simple tense expresses habitual or routine actions, such as going to school every day or dancing classes on certain weekdays.
3) The going to future tense talks about plans and intentions, like traveling to Hawaii with friends next summer and what activities they plan to do each week of the trip.
Paula lives in a three-story house near her high school in Topacio Street. Her neighborhood has a swimming pool and two large gardens that she and her friends enjoy playing in. From her window, Paula can see the cable car that goes up to Calamorro Mountain, as well as many mountains and the sea in the distance. She describes the different areas around her home, including her courtyard where she plays basketball and helps with chores, and the garden where neighbors have barbecues and celebrate birthdays.
El documento resume la enfermedad de Alzheimer, incluyendo que causa deterioro cognitivo y disminución de la capacidad intelectual, afectando la calidad de vida. Se asocia con la formación de placas seniles y ovillos neurofibrilares en el cerebro. Actualmente no existe cura, pero los tratamientos pueden retrasar su progresión. Afecta principalmente a personas mayores y su incidencia aumenta con la edad.
El documento habla sobre los servicios de teleasistencia para personas dependientes. Explica que la teleasistencia permite que las personas mayores o discapacitadas permanezcan en sus hogares con más autonomía gracias a un sistema que les permite pedir ayuda las 24 horas en caso de emergencia. También define la dependencia como la necesidad de asistencia para realizar las actividades básicas de la vida diaria y menciona estadísticas y opiniones positivas sobre cómo la teleasistencia mejora la calidad de vida de las personas dependientes.
El autismo es un trastorno del desarrollo que afecta a la comunicación y las relaciones sociales. Afecta a 4 de cada 1000 niños y sus causas son desconocidas, aunque se cree que es una combinación de factores genéticos y ambientales. Algunas características incluyen dificultades en el aprendizaje y aislamiento social. Existen varias ayudas técnicas y servicios sociales para apoyar a las personas con autismo.
La parálisis cerebral infantil es un término que describe un grupo de incapacidades motoras causadas por daño cerebral que puede ocurrir antes, durante o después del nacimiento. Existen asociaciones en diferentes provincias de Andalucía que brindan apoyo a personas con parálisis cerebral a través de ayudas técnicas y recursos.
El documento describe las principales discapacidades físicas como lesiones del sistema nervioso, lesiones musculoesqueléticas y enfermedades como la parálisis cerebral, Parkinson, esclerosis múltiple y distrofia muscular. Explica los diferentes tipos de discapacidad motriz como monoplejia, paraplejia, tetraplejia, diplejia y hemiplejia. También describe las barreras arquitectónicas y de comunicación que dificultan la accesibilidad de las personas con discapacidad y sus necesidades cognitivas, afectivas y de autonomía
La deficiencia auditiva se refiere a la pérdida parcial o total de la capacidad auditiva. Puede ser causada por factores genéticos, enfermedades, traumatismos, exposición prolongada al ruido o medicamentos. Existen varios tipos de deficiencia dependiendo de la localización de la lesión, el grado de pérdida auditiva y la edad de comienzo. Las causas incluyen factores genéticos, ambientales, infecciones, intoxicaciones medicamentosas y traumatismos.
La malaria es una enfermedad endémica en África que causa dos millones de casos y muchas muertes anuales. Es causada por un parásito transmitido por la picadura de mosquitos hembra del género Anopheles. El Bill y Melinda Gates han donado fondos para reducir la malaria, que afecta desproporcionadamente a los pobres. Los científicos llevan años tratando de desarrollar una vacuna eficaz contra la enfermedad.
La hepatitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria del hígado que puede ser causada por virus u otros agentes. Existen varios tipos de hepatitis, pero los más comunes son los tipos A, B y C, que se transmiten de diferentes formas como por vía fecal-oral, sangre, fluidos corporales o relaciones sexuales. Los síntomas incluyen malestar general, fiebre, dolores musculares y coloración amarillenta de la piel. No existe un medicamento específico, solo reposo, aunque algunos tipos pueden volverse crónicos. La
La gripe es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el virus de la influenza, que se transmite entre aves y mamíferos. Los síntomas de la gripe en humanos fueron descritos por primera vez por Hipócrates hace unos 2400 años. Actualmente existen tres tipos principales de virus de la influenza que infectan a humanos. La vacunación se recomienda para grupos de alto riesgo como ancianos, niños pequeños e inmunodeprimidos para prevenir la gripe y sus posibles complicaciones como la neumonía.
The document describes the author's various hobbies which include motorcycles, diving, judo, and football. The author has three motorcycles but one is broken and used to dive more often before when they had a ship. They have practiced judo since age 4 and hold a blue belt but no longer continue with it. The author has played football since a young age and is good as both a goalkeeper and player but better as a goalkeeper.
Violadores del verso is a Spanish rap group formed in Zaragoza consisting of three rappers and a DJ. They started performing locally in smaller venues and have grown in popularity, currently touring in America. The group members include Hate, the founder with various nicknames who is the narrator's favorite; Kase.O who usually writes cheerful rhymes unlike Hate and has solo projects; Liriko who has a good voice and was the leader for many years; and R de Rumba who is the group's DJ and has released several records.
The document summarizes information about 4 different music groups:
- Ashley Tisdale is a solo singer from West Deal, New Jersey. Her new single is "Not like that".
- El Canto Del Loco is a group of 4 boys from Barcelona, Spain. Their new single is "You are an idiot".
- Tripas Clown is a group of 4 boys from Malaga, Spain who play bass, guitar and sing. Their recent singles include "Raising to Steps" and "Welcome to the Circus".
- Hilary Duff is a solo singer from Houston, Texas. She is also an actress and fashion designer. Her new single is "Stranger".
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
La biblioteca Cerro del Viento adquirió varios libros en diciembre de 2010, incluyendo Los gigantes de la luna de Gonzalo Moure, Betsabé nunca duerme de Carmen Gómez Ojea, Heródoto y la Historia de la editorial Alianza, Los girasoles ciegos y una obra ambientada en el Colegio Militar Leoncio Prado.
La biblioteca Cerro del Viento adquirió varios libros en diciembre de 2010, incluyendo Los gigantes de la luna sobre refugiados saharauis, Betsabé nunca duerme sobre una niña con poliomielitis, Heródoto y la Historia sobre el historiador clásico Heródoto, y Los girasoles ciegos con cuatro historias entrelazadas sobre personas vencidas en la posguerra española. También adquirió un libro ambientado en un colegio militar donde adolescentes reciben formación bajo una severa discipl
La villa romana de Almedinilla describe una comida romana en tres salas: el triclinium, donde los invitados reclinarían para comer; la comida incluiría platos servidos; la dieta romana se describe brevemente.
La villa romana de Almedinilla describe una comida romana en tres salas: el triclinium, donde los invitados reclinarían para comer; la comida incluiría platos servidos en mesas bajas; la comida romana se servía en mesas.
Este documento presenta las etapas de realización de una maqueta de una casa unifamiliar de dos plantas como proyecto escolar de Educación Plástica para el IES Cerro del Viento. Las etapas incluyen medir y cortar materiales, ensamblar las piezas, pintar y decorar la maqueta, y finalmente exhibirla en la biblioteca de la escuela del 24 de abril al 9 de mayo de 2010.
The document discusses different verb tenses in English:
1) The past simple tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past, like taking a trip to Paris with family last year.
2) The present simple tense expresses habitual or routine actions, such as going to school every day or dancing classes on certain weekdays.
3) The going to future tense talks about plans and intentions, like traveling to Hawaii with friends next summer and what activities they plan to do each week of the trip.
Paula lives in a three-story house near her high school in Topacio Street. Her neighborhood has a swimming pool and two large gardens that she and her friends enjoy playing in. From her window, Paula can see the cable car that goes up to Calamorro Mountain, as well as many mountains and the sea in the distance. She describes the different areas around her home, including her courtyard where she plays basketball and helps with chores, and the garden where neighbors have barbecues and celebrate birthdays.
El documento resume la enfermedad de Alzheimer, incluyendo que causa deterioro cognitivo y disminución de la capacidad intelectual, afectando la calidad de vida. Se asocia con la formación de placas seniles y ovillos neurofibrilares en el cerebro. Actualmente no existe cura, pero los tratamientos pueden retrasar su progresión. Afecta principalmente a personas mayores y su incidencia aumenta con la edad.
El documento habla sobre los servicios de teleasistencia para personas dependientes. Explica que la teleasistencia permite que las personas mayores o discapacitadas permanezcan en sus hogares con más autonomía gracias a un sistema que les permite pedir ayuda las 24 horas en caso de emergencia. También define la dependencia como la necesidad de asistencia para realizar las actividades básicas de la vida diaria y menciona estadísticas y opiniones positivas sobre cómo la teleasistencia mejora la calidad de vida de las personas dependientes.
El autismo es un trastorno del desarrollo que afecta a la comunicación y las relaciones sociales. Afecta a 4 de cada 1000 niños y sus causas son desconocidas, aunque se cree que es una combinación de factores genéticos y ambientales. Algunas características incluyen dificultades en el aprendizaje y aislamiento social. Existen varias ayudas técnicas y servicios sociales para apoyar a las personas con autismo.
La parálisis cerebral infantil es un término que describe un grupo de incapacidades motoras causadas por daño cerebral que puede ocurrir antes, durante o después del nacimiento. Existen asociaciones en diferentes provincias de Andalucía que brindan apoyo a personas con parálisis cerebral a través de ayudas técnicas y recursos.
El documento describe las principales discapacidades físicas como lesiones del sistema nervioso, lesiones musculoesqueléticas y enfermedades como la parálisis cerebral, Parkinson, esclerosis múltiple y distrofia muscular. Explica los diferentes tipos de discapacidad motriz como monoplejia, paraplejia, tetraplejia, diplejia y hemiplejia. También describe las barreras arquitectónicas y de comunicación que dificultan la accesibilidad de las personas con discapacidad y sus necesidades cognitivas, afectivas y de autonomía
La deficiencia auditiva se refiere a la pérdida parcial o total de la capacidad auditiva. Puede ser causada por factores genéticos, enfermedades, traumatismos, exposición prolongada al ruido o medicamentos. Existen varios tipos de deficiencia dependiendo de la localización de la lesión, el grado de pérdida auditiva y la edad de comienzo. Las causas incluyen factores genéticos, ambientales, infecciones, intoxicaciones medicamentosas y traumatismos.
La malaria es una enfermedad endémica en África que causa dos millones de casos y muchas muertes anuales. Es causada por un parásito transmitido por la picadura de mosquitos hembra del género Anopheles. El Bill y Melinda Gates han donado fondos para reducir la malaria, que afecta desproporcionadamente a los pobres. Los científicos llevan años tratando de desarrollar una vacuna eficaz contra la enfermedad.
La hepatitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria del hígado que puede ser causada por virus u otros agentes. Existen varios tipos de hepatitis, pero los más comunes son los tipos A, B y C, que se transmiten de diferentes formas como por vía fecal-oral, sangre, fluidos corporales o relaciones sexuales. Los síntomas incluyen malestar general, fiebre, dolores musculares y coloración amarillenta de la piel. No existe un medicamento específico, solo reposo, aunque algunos tipos pueden volverse crónicos. La
La gripe es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el virus de la influenza, que se transmite entre aves y mamíferos. Los síntomas de la gripe en humanos fueron descritos por primera vez por Hipócrates hace unos 2400 años. Actualmente existen tres tipos principales de virus de la influenza que infectan a humanos. La vacunación se recomienda para grupos de alto riesgo como ancianos, niños pequeños e inmunodeprimidos para prevenir la gripe y sus posibles complicaciones como la neumonía.
The document describes the author's various hobbies which include motorcycles, diving, judo, and football. The author has three motorcycles but one is broken and used to dive more often before when they had a ship. They have practiced judo since age 4 and hold a blue belt but no longer continue with it. The author has played football since a young age and is good as both a goalkeeper and player but better as a goalkeeper.
Violadores del verso is a Spanish rap group formed in Zaragoza consisting of three rappers and a DJ. They started performing locally in smaller venues and have grown in popularity, currently touring in America. The group members include Hate, the founder with various nicknames who is the narrator's favorite; Kase.O who usually writes cheerful rhymes unlike Hate and has solo projects; Liriko who has a good voice and was the leader for many years; and R de Rumba who is the group's DJ and has released several records.
The document summarizes information about 4 different music groups:
- Ashley Tisdale is a solo singer from West Deal, New Jersey. Her new single is "Not like that".
- El Canto Del Loco is a group of 4 boys from Barcelona, Spain. Their new single is "You are an idiot".
- Tripas Clown is a group of 4 boys from Malaga, Spain who play bass, guitar and sing. Their recent singles include "Raising to Steps" and "Welcome to the Circus".
- Hilary Duff is a solo singer from Houston, Texas. She is also an actress and fashion designer. Her new single is "Stranger".
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com