Andorra is a small principality located in the Pyrenees mountains between France and Spain. It was originally ruled by the Count of Urgell until 988 when authority was transferred to the Bishop of Urgell. Today, Andorra is jointly headed by the French president and Bishop of Urgell as co-princes. The capital and largest city is Andorra la Vella. Andorra has a population of around 79,000 people and its economy relies heavily on tourism, especially winter sports, as well as financial services.

1. ANDORRA
Presented by Alisa Dzhuhostran

2. GENERAL INFORMATION
AND HISTORY
The Principality of Andorra is believed
to have been created by
Charlemagne. It was ruled by the
count of Urgell until 988 when it was
transferred to the Roman Catholic
Diocese of Urgell. A charter in 1278
formed the present principality.
Currently, it is headed by two co-
princes: the bishop of Urgell in
Catalonia and the president of France.
Andorra is the sixth-smallest state in
Europe, with an area of 468 square
kilometres and a population of
approximately 79,034. The Andorran
people are a Romance ethnic group
closely related to Catalans. Andorra is
the 16th smallest country in the world
by land and the 11th smallest by
population.

3. ANDORRA LA VELLA – THE CAPITAL OF ANDORRA

4. GOVERNANCE
The President of France has a mainly ceremonial
role in Andorra, represented by a delegate
appointed by the French government. Similarly,
the Bishop of Urgell's role is also ceremonial,
with representation usually delegated to a high-
ranking member of the Catholic Church in
Catalonia.The Head of Government, known as
the Prime Minister, exercises executive power in
Andorra. The General Council (Parliament)
consists of 28 members elected by proportional
representation to four-year terms. The legislative
branch is responsible for passing laws, approving
the budget, and overseeing the government's
activities.The judicial system is based on civil law
with influences from French and Spanish legal
systems. The country's political system is
characterized by a multi-party system. Andorra is
divided into seven administrative divisions called
parishes, each governed by a local council.

5. CULTURE AND LANGUAGE
Andorra's official language is Catalan,
which is widely spoken and used in
official communications, education, and
media. Spanish and French are also
commonly understood.The cuisine
features popular dishes such as trinxat (a
potato and cabbage dish), escudella (a
hearty stew), and truita de carreroles
(mushroom omelette).Throughout the
year, Andorrans celebrate a variety of
festivals and cultural events, including
the National Day of Andorra, Sant Jordi
Day, and the Carnival of Encamp.
Traditional Andorran music and dance
are significant in cultural celebrations
and gatherings. Andorra has a rich
tradition of arts and crafts, including
woodworking, pottery, and textile arts.
Roman Catholicism is the predominant

6. ECONOMY
Andorra's economy relies heavily on
tourism, especially during the winter ski
season. The country's stunning mountain
landscapes, ski resorts, and duty-free
shopping attract visitors from all over the
world. Andorra is also a popular year-
round destination for outdoor activities
such as hiking and mountain biking.
Andorra has a well-developed financial
services sector. This sector includes
banking, insurance, and investment
management. The country also produces
some agricultural products, such as
tobacco, cereals, and livestock. However,
the mountainous terrain limits
agricultural activity.