fundamental rights ppt from art 12 to art 35 and duties of indian constitution

1. THE ICFAI UNIVERSITY
DEHRADUN
RAJAWALA ROAD ,
SELAQUI,CENTRAL HOPETOWN,
DEHRADUN.,UTTRAKHAND,248011

2. ICFAI UNIVERSITY, DEHRADUN
• ICFAI University, Dehradun, established in 2003 under the
ICFAI University Act (Act No. 16 of 2003)
• Sponsored by the ICFAI Society HYDERABAD, an educational
non-profit founded in 1984
• Recognized by the UGC under Section 2(f) of the UGC Act.
• List of schools under ICFAI University, Dehradun:
• ICFAI Law School (ILS)
• ICFAI Business School (IBS)
• ICFAI Tech School (ITS)
• ICFAI Education School (IES)
• ICFAI School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (ISPS)

3. • ICFAI Law School (ILS)
• UG Programs: BA-LL.B (Hons.), BBA-LL.B (Hons.), LL.B (3 years)
• PG Program: LL.M (1-year / 2-year)
• Doctoral Program: Ph.D. in Law
• ICFAI Business School (IBS)
• UG Programs: BBA, BBA (Financial Investment Analysis), B.Com
(Hons.)
• PG Program: MBA
• Doctoral Program: Ph.D. in Management
• ICFAI Tech School (ITS)
• UG Programs: B.Tech (various specializations), BCA, B.Sc (Hons.)
Mathematics, B.Sc (Data Science)
• PG Programs: M.Tech, MCA
• Doctoral Program: Ph.D. in Science & Technology

4. • ICFAI Education School (IES)
• UG Program: B.Ed
• PG Programs: M.Ed, MA (Education)
• Doctoral Program: Ph.D. in Education
• ICFAI School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (ISPS)
• UG Program: B.Pharm (Bachelor of Pharmacy)

5. CENTRE FOR
EXCELLENCE
(CONSTITUTION)

6. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND
DUTIES

7. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

8. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
 A set of basic rights and freedoms guaranteed to individuals by a
country's constitution.
 Considered essential for their development, dignity, and well-being.
 These rights are enforceable by the courts.
Provides protection from state interference and ensure individual
freedoms.
In essence, Fundamental Rights are the cornerstone of a democratic
society, promoting equality, justice, and human dignity..

9. SIX FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
1. The Right to EQUALITY
2. The Right to FREEDOM
3. The Right to Freedom from EXPLOITATION
4. The Right to FREEDOM OF RELIGION
5. CULTURAl and EDUCATIONAL Rights
6. The Right to CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES

10. RIGHT TO EQUALITY
(ARTICLE 14-18)

11. RIGHT TO EQUALITY
(ARTICLE 14-18)
(i) Equality before Law :- Article 14 The State shall not deny to any person
equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the
territory of India. .
(ii) Prohibition of discrimination :- Article 15 of the constitution states that no
person shall be discriminated on the basis of caste, colour, language etc. Every
person shall have equal access to public places like public parks, museums, wells,
bathing ghats and temples etc. However, the State may make any special
provision for women and children.

12. RIGHT TO EQUALITY
(ARTICLE 14-18)
(iii) Equality in matters of public employment:- Article 16 of the
constitution lays down that the State cannot discriminate against anyone
in the matters of employment. All citizens can apply for government jobs.
(iv) Abolition of untouchability :- Article 17 of the constitution
abolishes the practice of untouchability. Practice of untouchability is an
offense and anyone doing so is punishable by law.
(v) Abolition of Titles:- Article 18 of the constitution prohibits the State
from conferring any titles. Citizens of India cannot accept titles from a
foreign State.

13. RIGHT TO FREEDOM
(ARTICLE 19-22)

14. RIGHT TO FREEDOM
(ARTICLE 19-22)
Article 19: Protects six specific freedoms for citizens:
(i) Freedom of Speech and expression, Article 19(1)(a) grants
every citizen the right to freely express opinions and share ideas.
This forms the foundation for freedom of press, expression, and the right
to information in India.
(ii) Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms, on which the
State can impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of public
order and the sovereignty and integrity of India.

15. RIGHT TO FREEDOM (ARTICLE
19-22)
(iii) Freedom to Form Association or Union: the right to form social, economic,
cultural or political groups, associations or trade unions
(iv) Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India though
reasonable restrictions can be imposed on this right in the interest of the general
public, for example, restrictions may be imposed on movement and travelling, so
as to control epidemics.

16. RIGHT TO FREEDOM
(ARTICLE 19-22)
(v) Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India in the
interest of the general public or for the protection of the schedule tribes
because certain safeguards as are envisaged here seem to be justified to
protect indigenous and tribal peoples from exploitation and coercion.
(vi)Freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation,
trade or business on which the State may impose reasonable restrictions in
the interest of the general public. Thus, there is no right to carry on a business
which is dangerous or immoral.

17. RIGHT TO FREEDOM
ARTICLE (19-22)
• Article 20: Protects individuals against arbitrary and excessive punishment for
criminal offenses. prevents convictions for acts that were not offenses at the
time, double
jeopardy, and self-incrimination.
• Article 21: Guarantees the right to life and personal liberty, stating that no one
shall be deprived of these rights except by a procedure established by law.
• Article 21(A) It guarantees the right to free and compulsory education for all
children between the ages of six and fourteen. This was enacted through the
86th Amendment Act of 2002 and implemented by the Right to Education Act .
• Article 22: Protects citizens from arbitrary arrest and detention by ensuring
they are informed of the grounds for arrest and have the right to consult a
lawyer.

18. RIGHT AGAINST
EXPLOITATION(ARTICLE 23-24)

19. RIGHT AGAINST EXPLOITATION
(ARTICLE 23-24)
 The abolition of trafficking in human being and beggar .
 Abolition of employment of children below the age of 14 years
in dangerous jobs like factories and mines.
 Beggar, practised in the past by landlords, has been declared a
crime and is punishable by law
 Trafficking in humans for the purpose of slave trade or
prostitution is also prohibited by law.

20. RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF
RELIGION(ARTICLE25-28)

21. RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION
(ARTICLE25-28)
According to the Constitution, all religions are equal before the State
and no religion shall be given preference over the other. Citizens are
free to preach, practice and propagate any religion of their choice.
i. Religious communities can set up charitable institutions of their own.
ii. Activities in such institutions which are not religious are performed
according to the laws laid down by the government
iii. No person shall be compelled to pay taxes for the promotion of a
particular religion.
iv. A State run institution cannot impart education that is pro-religion

22. CULTURAL & EDUCATIONAL
RIGHTS (ARTICLE 29-31)

23. CULTURAL & EDUCATIONAL
RIGHTS (ARTICLE 29-31)
Article 29: Protection of interests of minorities.
Article 30: Right of minorities to establish and administer
educational institutions
Any community which has a language and a script of its
own has the right to conserve and develop it.
All minorities, religious or linguistic, can set up their own
educational institutions to preserve and develop their own
culture.

24. RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL
REMEDIES(ARTICLE32-35)

25. RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL
REMEDIES (ARTICLE32-35)
ARTICLE 32: Right to Constitutional Remedies.
Right to constitutional remedies empowers the citizens to move
a court of law in case of any denial of the fundamental rights.
This procedure of asking the courts to preserve or safeguard the
citizens' fundamental rights can be done in various ways. The
courts can issue various kinds of writs.
These writs are habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition,
quo warranto and certiorari.

26. RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL
REMEDIES
• WRITS : Writs are formal written orders from a court to a person or authority
to provide a constitutional remedy for the violation of fundamental rights.
• Five types of writs
 1 Habeas Corpus : Protects against unlawful detention.
2. Mandamus: Orders a public authority to perform a duty.
3. Prohibition: Prevents a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction.
4. Certiorari: Quashes a lower court's decision.
5. Quo Warranto: Challenges a person's right to hold public office.
These writs are powerful tools for protecting individual rights and ensuring
judicial accountability.

27. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES

28. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
What is Fundamental Duty?
• Fundamental duties are defined as the moral obligations of all the citizens.
• Help promote a spirit of patriotism, love for country and uphold the unity of India.
• The idea behind their incorporation was to highlight the obligations of citizens
while enjoying the fundamental rights of the country.
• The concept of fundamental duty is inspired from the Constitution of Russia.
How Fundamental Duties were enacted?
• The fundamental duties were incorporated in Part IV-A by the 42nd
amendment
Act, 1976.
• The 11th
fundamental duty was added in 2002 by the 86th
Amendment that focused
on offering Right to Free and Compulsory Education for children within the age
group of 6 years to 14 years.

29. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
Article 51A: The 11 Fundamental Duties It shall be the duty of every citizen of
India:
1. 51A (a): To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions,
the National Flag and the National Anthem.
2. 51A (b): To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national
struggle for freedom.
3. 51A (c): To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. 51A (d): To defend the country and render national service when called upon
to do so.
5. 51A (e): To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood
amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional
or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of
women.
6. 51A (f):To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.

30. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
7. 51A (g): To protect and improve the natural environment including
forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living
creatures.
8. 51A (h): To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of
inquiry and reform.
9. 51A (i): To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
10. 51A (j): To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and
collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of
endeavour and achievement.
11. 51A (k): Who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for
education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years
(Added by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002).