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The French colonized Michigan from the early 1600s to around 1760, during which time they established several forts across the region. Fort de Baude and Father Marquette's Mission in present-day St. Ignace served as an early missionary outpost. Fort Ponchartrain (Detroit) controlled the Detroit River trade route and became a major commercial hub. Fort Miami in present-day St. Joseph guarded the portage between the St. Joseph River and the Kankakee River. Fort Michilimackinac in present-day Mackinaw City was an important military and trading post that later became a British garrison. Fort St. Joseph in present-day Niles helped control the St. Joseph
