The complaint letter summarizes a hate speech made by Bharatanand Saraswati at an event organized by Sakal Hindu Samaj in Amravati, Maharashtra. It provides details of inflammatory and derogatory remarks made against Muslims. It cites recent Supreme Court orders directing police to take suo moto action against hate speech and files a complaint against the speakers and organizers, requesting action under sections of the IPC. Previous complaints against Bharatanand Saraswati and others for similar hate speeches delivered at other events have also been mentioned.
230504 05 english FINAL Thane police complaint- sakal Hindu Samaj.pdfsabrangsabrang
This letter summarizes a complaint filed with police officials regarding a Hindu Janjagran Dharam Sabha event held on April 30, 2023 in Mumbra, Thane, Maharashtra that featured hate speeches targeting Muslims. The complaint provides details of objectionable statements made by 5 speakers at the event calling for violence, promoting enmity between religious groups, and intending to insult and provoke breach of peace. The letter urges police to take action against the speakers under relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code and cites Supreme Court directives regarding prevention of hate speech and communal violence. Video evidence of the speeches has been provided to support the complaint.
For Website 230512 CJP Complaint to Nagpur Police - Trishul Diksha.pdfsabrangsabrang
The document is a complaint letter sent to police authorities regarding two recent "Trishul Diksha" events held in Nagpur, where tridents were distributed and hate speeches were delivered. At these events organized by Hindu extremist groups, speakers made provocative claims targeting Muslims, called for establishing a Hindu nation, and took oaths to resort to violence. The letter cites Supreme Court orders directing police to take action against hate speech and flags concerns over the events promoting disharmony. It provides details of the speeches and videos of the events, arguing they violate laws on hate speech, arms distribution, and incitement of violence. The letter urges the police to take stringent action against the perpetrators in line with the Supreme Court directives
For Website 230512 CJP Complaint to Nagpur Police - Trishul Diksha.pdfsabrangsabrang
The document is a complaint letter sent to police authorities regarding two recent "Trishul Diksha" events held in Nagpur, where tridents were distributed and hate speeches were delivered. At these events organized by Hindutva groups, speakers made unsubstantiated claims targeting Muslims, called for establishing a Hindu nation, and took oaths to resort to violence. The letter cites recent Supreme Court orders directing police to take action against hate speech and prevent escalation of communal tensions. It argues the events violated laws on arms distribution, hate speech and disrupting public order.
1. The People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) wrote to the Director General of Police of Maharashtra to urge implementation of Supreme Court orders regarding hate speech and prevention of rallies promoting communal disharmony.
2. The PUCL referred to multiple Supreme Court orders directing registration of cases and prosecution of hate speech irrespective of religion. However, rallies by Hindu right-wing groups continued with hate speech against Muslims in Maharashtra.
3. The letter called on the police to inform of action taken on listed incidents of hate speech and to take preventive measures and prosecute perpetrators in line with the Supreme Court orders.
Joint Representation to police commissioner mumbai.pdfsabrangsabrang
1. The letter expresses concern over recent hate speeches made against Muslims at rallies organized by Sakal Hindu Samaj in Maharashtra, including one on January 29th in Mumbai where extremely provocative speeches were made.
2. It notes that the Supreme Court on February 3rd directed that the planned February 5th meeting by Sakal Hindu Samaj not be allowed if permission is granted or that hate speech not be permitted, and for police to videotape the meeting.
3. The letter demands that the police investigate and prosecute perpetrators of hate speech at past rallies, not allow the February 5th meeting, and take action to prevent hate speech and communal violence in the future in line with
For Website 230309 - CJP Preemptive Complaint- Tumakuru HJS March 10.pdfsabrangsabrang
Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP), a civil rights group, has written a letter to authorities in Tumakuru expressing concern over a proposed event by Hindu Janajagruti Samiti (HJS) scheduled for March 10th. CJP cites the extremist and divisive nature of HJS based on its website advocating for establishing a "Hindu Rashtra" and issues like "love jihad". CJP urges the authorities to take preventive action under law, citing Supreme Court judgments, to ensure no hate or provocative speeches are made considering HJS's track record. CJP notes the constitutional oath of government servants to uphold secularism and requests authorities to invoke their legal powers to prevent
for website 230207 -CJP Complaint to DGP SP Baramati to stop feb 9 event.pdfsabrangsabrang
The Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP) wrote a letter to police officials expressing concern over a proposed rally in Baramati, Maharashtra on February 9th. The CJP summarized that the event's organizers, Sakal Hindu Samaj, and speakers, Kalicharan Maharaj and Shankar Gaikar, have histories of delivering hate speeches and making provocative calls to violence at past events. Citing recent Supreme Court orders, the CJP urged the police to take preventive action, such as cancelling permission for the event or denying permission, to avoid potential disturbances of public order from hate speech.
For Website 230220 - CJP Preemptive Complaint to Lok Sabha Member Ratnagiri.pdfsabrangsabrang
1. Citizens for Justice and Peace wrote a memorandum to Shri Vinayak Bhaurao Raut expressing concern over a proposed event by Hindu Janajagruti Samiti in Dapoli, Ratnagiri on February 21, 2023 that could involve hate speech and calls for violence given the organization's track record.
2. The memorandum urged Raut to take preventive action under law to curb any attempts to vitiate the atmosphere in his constituency, as speeches inciting hatred and violence would violate constitutional rights and criminal law.
3. Hindu Janajagruti Samiti is a right-wing extremist Hindutva organization that has previously hosted speakers known for hate speech and
230504 05 english FINAL Thane police complaint- sakal Hindu Samaj.pdfsabrangsabrang
This letter summarizes a complaint filed with police officials regarding a Hindu Janjagran Dharam Sabha event held on April 30, 2023 in Mumbra, Thane, Maharashtra that featured hate speeches targeting Muslims. The complaint provides details of objectionable statements made by 5 speakers at the event calling for violence, promoting enmity between religious groups, and intending to insult and provoke breach of peace. The letter urges police to take action against the speakers under relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code and cites Supreme Court directives regarding prevention of hate speech and communal violence. Video evidence of the speeches has been provided to support the complaint.
For Website 230512 CJP Complaint to Nagpur Police - Trishul Diksha.pdfsabrangsabrang
The document is a complaint letter sent to police authorities regarding two recent "Trishul Diksha" events held in Nagpur, where tridents were distributed and hate speeches were delivered. At these events organized by Hindu extremist groups, speakers made provocative claims targeting Muslims, called for establishing a Hindu nation, and took oaths to resort to violence. The letter cites Supreme Court orders directing police to take action against hate speech and flags concerns over the events promoting disharmony. It provides details of the speeches and videos of the events, arguing they violate laws on hate speech, arms distribution, and incitement of violence. The letter urges the police to take stringent action against the perpetrators in line with the Supreme Court directives
For Website 230512 CJP Complaint to Nagpur Police - Trishul Diksha.pdfsabrangsabrang
The document is a complaint letter sent to police authorities regarding two recent "Trishul Diksha" events held in Nagpur, where tridents were distributed and hate speeches were delivered. At these events organized by Hindutva groups, speakers made unsubstantiated claims targeting Muslims, called for establishing a Hindu nation, and took oaths to resort to violence. The letter cites recent Supreme Court orders directing police to take action against hate speech and prevent escalation of communal tensions. It argues the events violated laws on arms distribution, hate speech and disrupting public order.
1. The People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) wrote to the Director General of Police of Maharashtra to urge implementation of Supreme Court orders regarding hate speech and prevention of rallies promoting communal disharmony.
2. The PUCL referred to multiple Supreme Court orders directing registration of cases and prosecution of hate speech irrespective of religion. However, rallies by Hindu right-wing groups continued with hate speech against Muslims in Maharashtra.
3. The letter called on the police to inform of action taken on listed incidents of hate speech and to take preventive measures and prosecute perpetrators in line with the Supreme Court orders.
Joint Representation to police commissioner mumbai.pdfsabrangsabrang
1. The letter expresses concern over recent hate speeches made against Muslims at rallies organized by Sakal Hindu Samaj in Maharashtra, including one on January 29th in Mumbai where extremely provocative speeches were made.
2. It notes that the Supreme Court on February 3rd directed that the planned February 5th meeting by Sakal Hindu Samaj not be allowed if permission is granted or that hate speech not be permitted, and for police to videotape the meeting.
3. The letter demands that the police investigate and prosecute perpetrators of hate speech at past rallies, not allow the February 5th meeting, and take action to prevent hate speech and communal violence in the future in line with
For Website 230309 - CJP Preemptive Complaint- Tumakuru HJS March 10.pdfsabrangsabrang
Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP), a civil rights group, has written a letter to authorities in Tumakuru expressing concern over a proposed event by Hindu Janajagruti Samiti (HJS) scheduled for March 10th. CJP cites the extremist and divisive nature of HJS based on its website advocating for establishing a "Hindu Rashtra" and issues like "love jihad". CJP urges the authorities to take preventive action under law, citing Supreme Court judgments, to ensure no hate or provocative speeches are made considering HJS's track record. CJP notes the constitutional oath of government servants to uphold secularism and requests authorities to invoke their legal powers to prevent
for website 230207 -CJP Complaint to DGP SP Baramati to stop feb 9 event.pdfsabrangsabrang
The Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP) wrote a letter to police officials expressing concern over a proposed rally in Baramati, Maharashtra on February 9th. The CJP summarized that the event's organizers, Sakal Hindu Samaj, and speakers, Kalicharan Maharaj and Shankar Gaikar, have histories of delivering hate speeches and making provocative calls to violence at past events. Citing recent Supreme Court orders, the CJP urged the police to take preventive action, such as cancelling permission for the event or denying permission, to avoid potential disturbances of public order from hate speech.
For Website 230220 - CJP Preemptive Complaint to Lok Sabha Member Ratnagiri.pdfsabrangsabrang
1. Citizens for Justice and Peace wrote a memorandum to Shri Vinayak Bhaurao Raut expressing concern over a proposed event by Hindu Janajagruti Samiti in Dapoli, Ratnagiri on February 21, 2023 that could involve hate speech and calls for violence given the organization's track record.
2. The memorandum urged Raut to take preventive action under law to curb any attempts to vitiate the atmosphere in his constituency, as speeches inciting hatred and violence would violate constitutional rights and criminal law.
3. Hindu Janajagruti Samiti is a right-wing extremist Hindutva organization that has previously hosted speakers known for hate speech and
For Website 230220 - CJP complaint to Ratnagiri Police on HJS event.pdfsabrangsabrang
1. Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP) writes to express concern over a proposed event by Hindu Janajagruti Samiti in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra on February 21st where hateful and provocative speeches may be made given the organization's track record.
2. CJP urges the district collector and superintendent of police to take preventive action under relevant sections of law to stop the event in light of Supreme Court orders on regulating hate speech.
3. HJS is known for advocating a Hindu Rashtra and hosting speakers who have delivered hate speeches in the past, so there is risk this event could disturb peace if allowed.
For Website 230221 CJP Letter Petition to Allahabad CJ on Bajrang Muni.pdfsabrangsabrang
This letter petitions the Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court to take action against a UP seer, Mahant Bajrang Muni, for a hate-filled video where he calls for the genocide of Muslims in India in order to create a Hindu Rashtra. The letter provides context that Bajrang Muni had previously been arrested in April 2022 for threatening to rape Muslim women, and was released on bail within 10 days. The letter requests the court to take suo moto cognizance of this hate speech incident and issue directives for strict action against Bajrang Muni, as such speeches promote enmity and can incite violence.
Letter To Commisionair Police Navi Mumbai Hate Speech.pdfsabrangsabrang
1) Tushar Gandhi, President of the Mahatma Gandhi Foundation, India, wrote a letter to the Commissioner of Police of Navi Mumbai expressing concern about increasing incidents of hate speeches and rallies in many cities across Maharashtra.
2) The letter refers to a Supreme Court order from October 2022 directing various state governments to take action against hate speech, noting the lack of action by law enforcement.
3) Gandhi requests that the police take preventive action to stop a proposed "Hindu Jan Akrosh Morcha" rally in Navi Mumbai on February 26th, citing a previous rally in January where provocative speeches inciting violence against minorities were made.
2023 (और उससे पहले 2022) में सुप्रीम कोर्ट द्वारा नफरत फैलाने वाले भाषण पर अंकुश लगाने के लिए जारी किए गए कई दिशानिर्देशों के बावजूद हेट स्पीच की घटनाएं सामने आती रहती हैं। नागरिक नफरत मुक्त 2024 कैसे सुनिश्चित कर सकते हैं?
This document summarizes the proceedings of the Supreme Court of India regarding a writ petition filed by Shaheen Abdulla against the Union of India and others. The Court heard arguments from petitioner's counsel Kapil Sibal and respondent's counsel Tushar Mehta. The Court directed that if permission is granted for a rally by Sakal Hindu Samaj on February 5th, conditions prohibiting hate speech or disturbing public order must be imposed. The Court also directed police to invoke their powers under Section 151 of the CrPC to prevent cognizable offenses, and to videotape the rally and submit it to the Court at the next hearing in two weeks.
This document summarizes the proceedings of the Supreme Court of India regarding a writ petition filed by Shaheen Abdulla against the Union of India and others. The Court heard arguments from petitioner's counsel Kapil Sibal and respondent's counsel Tushar Mehta. The Court directed that if permission is granted for a rally by Sakal Hindu Samaj on February 5th, conditions prohibiting hate speech or disturbing public order must be imposed. The Court also directed police to invoke their powers under Section 151 of the CrPC to prevent cognizable offenses, and to videotape the rally and submit it to the Court at the next hearing in two weeks.
1) The petitioner sought permission to hold a public meeting to protest recent amendments to India's citizenship laws, but permission was denied by police citing potential traffic issues and law and order problems.
2) The court noted that blanket suppression of dissent is against principles of democracy and ruled the police denial was without proper jurisdiction.
3) However, due to a current government ban on public gatherings during the COVID-19 pandemic, the court could not direct the meeting be allowed, but ruled the police must permit it after the ban is lifted.
The Supreme Court of India heard a writ petition regarding growing hate speech against the Muslim community in India. The petitioner argued that despite relevant penal laws, authorities have failed to take action against hate speech. The court acknowledged the seriousness of the issue and noted that India's secular character is enshrined in the Constitution. The court ordered police authorities in New Delhi, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh to file reports on actions taken against hate speech and ensure suo moto legal action is promptly initiated regardless of the religion of the offender. The court warned of contempt proceedings if authorities hesitate to comply.
For Website 230321 CJP Intimation for Gudi pujan Sangli HJS.pdfsabrangsabrang
The letter summarizes as follows:
1. Citizens for Justice and Peace notify local police about several Gudhi Pujan events organized by Hindu Janajagruti Sabha across Sangli, Maharashtra on March 22nd and express concern over potential communal issues due to HJS's history of hate speech.
2. They request police to closely monitor the events and take necessary preventive measures to ensure no breach of peace or violence given religious processions leading to disruption in the past year.
3. The letter cites recommendations after 1970 communal violence in Maharashtra to divide large processions, deploy officers at the head and tail of controversial processions, and not allow mammoth processions through streets.
Concerned Citizens Tribunal - Recommendation short termsabrangsabrang
The document makes several recommendations related to prosecuting those responsible for violence in Gujarat, India in 2002:
1. Prosecute the chief minister and other ministers, as well as leaders of Hindu nationalist groups like the VHP and Bajrang Dal, for directly abetting and participating in violence against minorities under relevant laws.
2. Immediately ban the VHP and Bajrang Dal under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act for disturbing law and order and committing unlawful activities.
3. Dismiss the chief minister and other cabinet members from office for culpable negligence in failing to prevent violence.
A glimpse of the College of Legal Studies, UPESUPES Dehradun
The document summarizes key aspects of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016 which was passed by the Indian Parliament in March 2016. It outlines the eligibility criteria for obtaining an Aadhaar number, defining a resident as someone who has lived in India for at least 182 days in the preceding year. It specifies that core biometric information includes fingerprints, iris scans, or other biological attributes, while demographic information covers name, date of birth, address and other relevant identifiers.
orissa HC sc st act caste name calling.pdfsabrangsabrang
The High Court of Orissa partially allowed a criminal revision petition filed by Ajay Pattanaik and Another challenging their cognizance under the SC and ST Act. While the Court found that a prima facie case was made out against the petitioners for other offenses, it held that the offenses under the SC and ST Act were not established as there was no intent to insult or humiliate the witness due to his caste. The Court set aside the cognizance order under the SC and ST Act and directed the lower court to reconsider the process against the petitioners for the other charges.
This document summarizes a speech about the erosion of freedom of speech and expression in India. It discusses how laws like sedition have been misused to silence dissent, such as in cases against political cartoonists and social media posts. It also notes how cases have been fabricated by attributing statements to people that they never made, such as in the case of a doctor arrested for an inflammatory speech despite criticizing laws in a university address. The document argues that reasonable restrictions on free speech enshrined in the constitution have been exceeded.
For Website 230321 CJP Intimation gudi pujan Manchar Pune.pdfsabrangsabrang
Citizens for Justice and Peace have written to alert local police about several Gudhi Pujan events organized by Hindu Janajagruti Sabha across Maharashtra on March 22, expressing concern over potential law and order issues due to the group's history of hate speech and incitement of violence against religious minorities. They request the police to closely monitor the events and prevent any disruptions based on previous incidents during Hanuman Jayanti and Ram Navami celebrations.
The document is a writ petition filed in the Supreme Court of India along with an application for directions. The writ petition challenges hate speeches against Muslims and seeks action against organizations engaging in activities spreading communal disharmony. The application mentions upcoming rallies by Hindu groups in Delhi, Noida, Haryana purportedly against communal violence and seeks directions to prohibit the rallies as they could incite further violence. It also seeks directions to authorities to ensure rallies are not allowed and to take down inflammatory social media posts.
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
Don’t label anti-CAA protesters ‘traitors’, people bound to defend rights in ...sabrangsabrang
The document is a high court judgment regarding a petition challenging an order that prohibited peaceful demonstrations against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). The court summarizes the background of the case and orders. It finds that the order was not made honestly and prevented the legitimate exercise of fundamental rights to protest peacefully. The court acknowledges the right to protest a law that some believe is unequal or threatens their ability to enjoy life and rights under the Constitution. It rules that concerns over potential public order issues cannot override citizens' fundamental right to peaceful protest.
This document summarizes a court case involving an individual, Rambhagat Gopal Sharma, who has been charged with hate speech under sections 153A and 295A of the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution argues that the accused gave an inflammatory speech at a public gathering targeting a particular religious community, while the defense claims he has been falsely implicated. After examining video evidence and arguments from both sides, the judge denies the accused's bail application, finding that the video and facts indicate the accused was actively promoting religious hatred and enmity. The judge emphasizes balancing individual liberty with societal security and peace.
The PowerPoint presentation is uploaded on behalf of Moot Court Association, Faculty of Law, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University. It will help the law students immensely in preparation of Memorials for either Moot Court Competitions or Internal assessment.
For Website 230220 - CJP complaint to Ratnagiri Police on HJS event.pdfsabrangsabrang
1. Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP) writes to express concern over a proposed event by Hindu Janajagruti Samiti in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra on February 21st where hateful and provocative speeches may be made given the organization's track record.
2. CJP urges the district collector and superintendent of police to take preventive action under relevant sections of law to stop the event in light of Supreme Court orders on regulating hate speech.
3. HJS is known for advocating a Hindu Rashtra and hosting speakers who have delivered hate speeches in the past, so there is risk this event could disturb peace if allowed.
For Website 230221 CJP Letter Petition to Allahabad CJ on Bajrang Muni.pdfsabrangsabrang
This letter petitions the Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court to take action against a UP seer, Mahant Bajrang Muni, for a hate-filled video where he calls for the genocide of Muslims in India in order to create a Hindu Rashtra. The letter provides context that Bajrang Muni had previously been arrested in April 2022 for threatening to rape Muslim women, and was released on bail within 10 days. The letter requests the court to take suo moto cognizance of this hate speech incident and issue directives for strict action against Bajrang Muni, as such speeches promote enmity and can incite violence.
Letter To Commisionair Police Navi Mumbai Hate Speech.pdfsabrangsabrang
1) Tushar Gandhi, President of the Mahatma Gandhi Foundation, India, wrote a letter to the Commissioner of Police of Navi Mumbai expressing concern about increasing incidents of hate speeches and rallies in many cities across Maharashtra.
2) The letter refers to a Supreme Court order from October 2022 directing various state governments to take action against hate speech, noting the lack of action by law enforcement.
3) Gandhi requests that the police take preventive action to stop a proposed "Hindu Jan Akrosh Morcha" rally in Navi Mumbai on February 26th, citing a previous rally in January where provocative speeches inciting violence against minorities were made.
2023 (और उससे पहले 2022) में सुप्रीम कोर्ट द्वारा नफरत फैलाने वाले भाषण पर अंकुश लगाने के लिए जारी किए गए कई दिशानिर्देशों के बावजूद हेट स्पीच की घटनाएं सामने आती रहती हैं। नागरिक नफरत मुक्त 2024 कैसे सुनिश्चित कर सकते हैं?
This document summarizes the proceedings of the Supreme Court of India regarding a writ petition filed by Shaheen Abdulla against the Union of India and others. The Court heard arguments from petitioner's counsel Kapil Sibal and respondent's counsel Tushar Mehta. The Court directed that if permission is granted for a rally by Sakal Hindu Samaj on February 5th, conditions prohibiting hate speech or disturbing public order must be imposed. The Court also directed police to invoke their powers under Section 151 of the CrPC to prevent cognizable offenses, and to videotape the rally and submit it to the Court at the next hearing in two weeks.
This document summarizes the proceedings of the Supreme Court of India regarding a writ petition filed by Shaheen Abdulla against the Union of India and others. The Court heard arguments from petitioner's counsel Kapil Sibal and respondent's counsel Tushar Mehta. The Court directed that if permission is granted for a rally by Sakal Hindu Samaj on February 5th, conditions prohibiting hate speech or disturbing public order must be imposed. The Court also directed police to invoke their powers under Section 151 of the CrPC to prevent cognizable offenses, and to videotape the rally and submit it to the Court at the next hearing in two weeks.
1) The petitioner sought permission to hold a public meeting to protest recent amendments to India's citizenship laws, but permission was denied by police citing potential traffic issues and law and order problems.
2) The court noted that blanket suppression of dissent is against principles of democracy and ruled the police denial was without proper jurisdiction.
3) However, due to a current government ban on public gatherings during the COVID-19 pandemic, the court could not direct the meeting be allowed, but ruled the police must permit it after the ban is lifted.
The Supreme Court of India heard a writ petition regarding growing hate speech against the Muslim community in India. The petitioner argued that despite relevant penal laws, authorities have failed to take action against hate speech. The court acknowledged the seriousness of the issue and noted that India's secular character is enshrined in the Constitution. The court ordered police authorities in New Delhi, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh to file reports on actions taken against hate speech and ensure suo moto legal action is promptly initiated regardless of the religion of the offender. The court warned of contempt proceedings if authorities hesitate to comply.
For Website 230321 CJP Intimation for Gudi pujan Sangli HJS.pdfsabrangsabrang
The letter summarizes as follows:
1. Citizens for Justice and Peace notify local police about several Gudhi Pujan events organized by Hindu Janajagruti Sabha across Sangli, Maharashtra on March 22nd and express concern over potential communal issues due to HJS's history of hate speech.
2. They request police to closely monitor the events and take necessary preventive measures to ensure no breach of peace or violence given religious processions leading to disruption in the past year.
3. The letter cites recommendations after 1970 communal violence in Maharashtra to divide large processions, deploy officers at the head and tail of controversial processions, and not allow mammoth processions through streets.
Concerned Citizens Tribunal - Recommendation short termsabrangsabrang
The document makes several recommendations related to prosecuting those responsible for violence in Gujarat, India in 2002:
1. Prosecute the chief minister and other ministers, as well as leaders of Hindu nationalist groups like the VHP and Bajrang Dal, for directly abetting and participating in violence against minorities under relevant laws.
2. Immediately ban the VHP and Bajrang Dal under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act for disturbing law and order and committing unlawful activities.
3. Dismiss the chief minister and other cabinet members from office for culpable negligence in failing to prevent violence.
A glimpse of the College of Legal Studies, UPESUPES Dehradun
The document summarizes key aspects of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016 which was passed by the Indian Parliament in March 2016. It outlines the eligibility criteria for obtaining an Aadhaar number, defining a resident as someone who has lived in India for at least 182 days in the preceding year. It specifies that core biometric information includes fingerprints, iris scans, or other biological attributes, while demographic information covers name, date of birth, address and other relevant identifiers.
orissa HC sc st act caste name calling.pdfsabrangsabrang
The High Court of Orissa partially allowed a criminal revision petition filed by Ajay Pattanaik and Another challenging their cognizance under the SC and ST Act. While the Court found that a prima facie case was made out against the petitioners for other offenses, it held that the offenses under the SC and ST Act were not established as there was no intent to insult or humiliate the witness due to his caste. The Court set aside the cognizance order under the SC and ST Act and directed the lower court to reconsider the process against the petitioners for the other charges.
This document summarizes a speech about the erosion of freedom of speech and expression in India. It discusses how laws like sedition have been misused to silence dissent, such as in cases against political cartoonists and social media posts. It also notes how cases have been fabricated by attributing statements to people that they never made, such as in the case of a doctor arrested for an inflammatory speech despite criticizing laws in a university address. The document argues that reasonable restrictions on free speech enshrined in the constitution have been exceeded.
For Website 230321 CJP Intimation gudi pujan Manchar Pune.pdfsabrangsabrang
Citizens for Justice and Peace have written to alert local police about several Gudhi Pujan events organized by Hindu Janajagruti Sabha across Maharashtra on March 22, expressing concern over potential law and order issues due to the group's history of hate speech and incitement of violence against religious minorities. They request the police to closely monitor the events and prevent any disruptions based on previous incidents during Hanuman Jayanti and Ram Navami celebrations.
The document is a writ petition filed in the Supreme Court of India along with an application for directions. The writ petition challenges hate speeches against Muslims and seeks action against organizations engaging in activities spreading communal disharmony. The application mentions upcoming rallies by Hindu groups in Delhi, Noida, Haryana purportedly against communal violence and seeks directions to prohibit the rallies as they could incite further violence. It also seeks directions to authorities to ensure rallies are not allowed and to take down inflammatory social media posts.
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
Don’t label anti-CAA protesters ‘traitors’, people bound to defend rights in ...sabrangsabrang
The document is a high court judgment regarding a petition challenging an order that prohibited peaceful demonstrations against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). The court summarizes the background of the case and orders. It finds that the order was not made honestly and prevented the legitimate exercise of fundamental rights to protest peacefully. The court acknowledges the right to protest a law that some believe is unequal or threatens their ability to enjoy life and rights under the Constitution. It rules that concerns over potential public order issues cannot override citizens' fundamental right to peaceful protest.
This document summarizes a court case involving an individual, Rambhagat Gopal Sharma, who has been charged with hate speech under sections 153A and 295A of the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution argues that the accused gave an inflammatory speech at a public gathering targeting a particular religious community, while the defense claims he has been falsely implicated. After examining video evidence and arguments from both sides, the judge denies the accused's bail application, finding that the video and facts indicate the accused was actively promoting religious hatred and enmity. The judge emphasizes balancing individual liberty with societal security and peace.
The PowerPoint presentation is uploaded on behalf of Moot Court Association, Faculty of Law, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University. It will help the law students immensely in preparation of Memorials for either Moot Court Competitions or Internal assessment.
Similar to For Website 230518 CJP Complaint to Amravati Police Hate speech Bharatanand Saraswati.pdf (20)
Defending Weapons Offence Charges: Role of Mississauga Criminal Defence LawyersHarpreetSaini48
Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
To know more visit: https://www.saini-law.com/
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...Sangyun Lee
Presentation slides for a session held on June 4, 2024, at Kyoto University. This presentation is based on the presenter’s recent paper, coauthored with Hwang Lee, Professor, Korea University, with the same title, published in the Journal of Business Administration & Law, Volume 34, No. 2 (April 2024). The paper, written in Korean, is available at <https://shorturl.at/GCWcI>.
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...Massimo Talia
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
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सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह भी माना था कि मजिस्ट्रेट का यह कर्तव्य है कि वह सुनिश्चित करे कि अधिकारी पीएमएलए के तहत निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के साथ-साथ संवैधानिक सुरक्षा उपायों का भी उचित रूप से पालन करें।
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For Website 230518 CJP Complaint to Amravati Police Hate speech Bharatanand Saraswati.pdf
1. May 18, 2023
To,
Shri Navinchandra Reddy
Commissioner of Police, Amravati
WQJG+C3G, Near Bus Stand Morshi Road,
Amravati, Maharashtra 444606
Email: cp.amravati@mahapolice.gov.in
Phone: 8551931000, 0721-2551001
Subject: Complaint against hate speech made at an event organised by the Sakal Hindu
Samaj in Amravati
Respected Sir,
We, at Citizens for Justice and Peace (CJP) Mumbai, a human rights movement dedicated to furthering
the constitutional rights of all Indians, are deeply concerned about the communal and hate spewing
speech delivered by Bharatanand Swami during an event organised by the Sakal Hindu Samaj in
Amravati, Maharashtra, the video for which has been accessed by us on May 15, 2023. Speaking at the
platform provided by the controversial Sakal Hindu Samaj, which is known for organising events that
cause disharmony, Bharatanand Saraswati was seen participating in the said event, espousing a hard,
right-wing, exclusionist ideology, and can also be seen delivering incendiary and inciteful speeches
through which he had targeted the Muslim community of our country. A videos of his anti-Muslim
speech has gone “viral” and reached hundreds of thousands of persons revealing the deleterious
impact of such hate speech on social media. The speakers have made misinformed and offensive
claims against the minority community, its history and their culture. We would like to bring your
attention to these instigating speeches, urging you to take stringent action against the perpetrators, as
if these hate-driven speeches are left unchecked, the peace and harmony of our country will be affected
direly. Sir, we are also generally concerned with the overall unsafe atmosphere for the Muslim
community that is being generated through the systemic and perpetrated use of hate speech and
writing within the country. We are also sure that you are aware that the Hon’ble Supreme Court of
India is presently hearing a series of petitions on the issue of hate speech and at recent hearings of an
ongoing matter sharp guidelines have been laid down for preventive action and prosecution of hate
speech.
Sir, it is important to note that even though in the said complaint we have only highlighted the speech
by Bharatanand Saraswati, as is evident from the Video, many other hate offenders and repeated hate
speakers could be seen sitting beside him on the stage. One of the individuals present at the said event
2. was one Muni Nilesh Chandra Maharaj. Since only the speech given by Bharatanand Saraswati Maharaj
has been made public, and can be heard, we are presently filing a complaint on it. However we are
also underlining the fact that according to the laid down law in the Bombay Police Act and the Code
of Criminal Procesure (CRPC) as also underlined in recent orders of the Hon’ble Supreme Court, the police is
required to Videograph all such meetings and events. We are also aware that the police is in fact doing
so, that is video recording such events. Hence, since it is more than likely that the other speakers present
would have also delivered hate speeches, with the aim of causing social disharmony and stigmatizing
one section of our population. Such unchecked hate speech also works to instigate people against the
Muslim community. We are aware, as mentioned before, that every programme that is organised by
such hate speakers, the video of the said event is recorded by the police. Based on the same, it is
essential that the other participants are also identified and action is taken against this hate event and
their organisers, not just the one identified in this complaint.
Sir, we are sure you are aware of sharp strictures passed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India in an
ongoing case, where especially the string of recent Hate Speeches in the state of Maharashtra were
specifically discussed and Orders passed directing police and law enforcement authorities to take pro-
active steps to prosecute offenders of hate speech violations. Sir, as citizens and civil rights groups,
committed to maintaining harmony and social peace, we therefore urge that adequate preventive
action is taken under the law.
Sir, we especially want to point to two recent Supreme Court order of April 28 and February 3, 2023
and other orders on the issue of hate speech where prompt and urgent preventive action and
prosecution of offenders has been directed. Sir, it is critical that the police authorities also investigated
the history of the organisation, Hindu Janajagruti Samiti, and the previous record of individuals who
speak under its banner and the banner of other similar outfits, inter-changeably. Such gatherings where
inegalitarian, divisive and stigmatising speeches are made and words are uttered and, at which, mobs
provoked violate both the fundamental rights guaranteed to all Indians under the Indian Constitution
as are in violation of provisions of Indian criminal law. Articles 14, 15, 16, 21 and 25 of the
Constitution stands violated. Provisions of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) have also been violated.
Recent Directions of the Supreme Court on Events after they Occur/are allowed:
On April 28, the Supreme Court, in a significant development, the Supreme Court extended the
application of its October 2022 order (which directed the Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand Police
to take suo motu action against hate speech cases) to all States and Union Territories.
So now, all States/UTs, including Maharashtra, are enjoined and bound to take suo motu action to
register FIR against hate speeches, without waiting for any formal complaint. The bench
comprising Justices KM Joseph and BV Nagarathna said the following:
"Respondents (states) shall ensure that immediately, as and when any speech or any action takes place which
attracts offences such as Section 153A, 153B, 295A and 506 of IPC etc, without any complaint being filed
suo motu action be taken to register cases and proceed against the offenders in accordance with law. Respondents
3. will issue directions to the subordinates so that appropriate action can be taken at the earliest. We further make
it clear that such action be taken irrespective of the religion of the maker of the speech, so that the secular
character of Bharat as envisaged by the Preamble is preserved."
A copy of the Supreme Court order dated April 28, 2023 has been marked and annexed hereto
as Annexure A
In its October 21, 2022 order, the Supreme Court had issued interim directions to the state Police
wherein it had directed that:
“As and when any speech or any action takes place which attracts offences such as Sections 153A, 153B and
295A and 505 of the IPC etc., suo moto action will be taken to register cases even if no complaint is forthcoming
and proceed against the offenders in accordance with law.”
The court had further said that non-compliance would amount to contempt of court:
“We make it clear that any hesitation to act in accordance with this direction will be viewed as contempt of this
Court and appropriate action will be taken against the erring officers,” the order reads.
A copy of the Supreme Court order dated October 21, 2022 has been marked and annexed
hereto as Annexure B
We would also like to highlight that on February 3, 2023, the Supreme Court issued directions with
respect to an event which was scheduled to be held in Mumbai on February 5, 2023 by the
Sakal Hindu Samaj, another extremist fringe Hindutva group. The petitioner, Shaheen Abdullah, had
contended that similar to its anti-Muslim speech during 'Hindu Jan Aakrosh Morcha' held in Mumbai
on January 29, it can be apprehended that the same will be repeated during the February 5 meeting as
well. The apex court had thus sought a video of the entire event to be scrutinised by the court at the
next hearing. The court has also taken an undertaking from government of Maharashtra that if
permission for this event is granted “it will be subject to the condition that nobody will make any hate
speech and in defiance of law or disturbing the public order.”
The court also outlined directives with respect to taking preventive action in such cases:
“We also direct that the Officer(s), in case, permission is granted and, in case, the occasion arises for invoking the
power under Section 151 of Cr.P.C. as aforesaid, it shall be the duty of the Officer(s) concerned to invoke the
said power and to act as per the mandate of Section 151 of the Cr.P.C.”
The apex court has, thus, again outlined already codified statutory duties of a police officer which
makes it mandatory for them to take action under section 151 of CrPC in case there is apprehension
4. of hate speech. The court, during the last hearing on February 3 had also expressed its disappointment
that the police was not taking preventive action or filing complaints suo-moto in cases of hate speech,
as it had directed in October, 2022 while hearing a bath of petitions against hate speech at various
occasions.
A copy of the Supreme Court order dated February 3, 2023 has been marked and annexed
hereto as Annexure C
Now, coming to the offensive and inflammatory content of the hate speech that violate both the
Supreme Court’s Orders and Indian Criminal Law. (Penal provisions from the Indian Penal Code-
IPC) listed below).
Sakal Hindu Samaj has had a history of inviting serial hate speakers to deliver hate speeches. The
agenda behind organising this event was to spread the far-right divisive ideology, and instigate people
against the Muslim community, and the said objective was achieved given the hate-ridden and
provocative speeches delivered, calls for violence made, consistent with the recent track record of the
organisation and the “principles” that they stand for. This is it essential that the organisers of the said
event are also punished.
Extracts of the speech made by Bharatanand Saraswati Maharaj:
“I have been told to not give hate speech, complaints are being lodged, and they might put you in jail.
To this, I say that our Lord Krishna were born in a jail only. Jail does not matter to us, not at all. I
have myself been to jail once. This is all happening because conspiracies are taking place against Hindu
saints, Hindu organisations and Hindu ministers.”
“But these authorities do not have the audacity to take any action against those who openly raise
slogans for dividing India and against the government. Our Hindu community is innocent, no one
will ever take a stone in their hands, no one can ever harm anyone.”
“I get to know this yesterday that there was some riot in Akola yesterday. Who is responsible for these
riots? Why are they not being arrested? When it comes to them, the courage of the authorities and the
procedures that they follow, is limited to working against the Hindu community.”
“Anyone who commits cow slaughter should be given a death sentence. Some people do not follow
the Constitution. These people used to attack doctors and police officers, would not wear mask and
get vaccines, would not even adhere to the curfew. But the law means nothing for them, every law is
for the Hindus.”
“‘Hum do Humare do’ is also limited to Hindus, there the motto is ‘Hum paanch humare pacchis’. There is
no law for them, and even if there is, they do not follow it. It is also essential that population control
laws are brought in and implemented. Their population is increasing, and their dreams of taking over
the country need to be corrected.”
5. A copy of the video downloaded from Twitter dated May 15, 2023 has been attached and
annexed as Annexure D
Throughout this speech, the speaker has not minced his words, and has clearly incited Hindus, against
the Muslim community by bringing in their history and certain controversial cases, and even accused
Muslims of rioting in Akola without having the full information on the ongoing investigation.
Following the patterns of their extremist peers, giving fire to the “cow slaughter” and “growing
population of Muslims” agenda, the speakers have even implied that the Muslim community was
responsible for the spread of COVID, something which had been used as an instrument to spread
islamophobia in the past too.
It is also noteworthy that while addressing a crowd of “supporters”, Bharatanand Saraswati said that
even he had been advised by people to not give a hate speech, but he is not afraid of jail. Instigating
his audience, in his speech, he implied that “because he is a Hindu,” that is the reason why he is being
targeted by the police and authorities. He went to the extent of falsely accusing the “Muslim
community of spreading COVID”, and the authorities for not “punishing the Muslim community.”
Such expression of extreme hate with a clear communal objective to establish religious hegemony
upon a community that is already a minority in numbers in the country, is deplorable and against the
constitutional values that we uphold as citizens of this country. These speeches are also promoting a
disbelief within the Hindu community that they are being targeted by the authorities unjustifiably.
It is quite clear so far that, given the well-orchestrated and numerous instances of hate speech and
actual hate crimes being committed, the minority community in various parts of India already feels
insecure and threatened. Furthermore, this was spoken at a public event and this speech has reached
not only the audience at the event but also all those who may have seen these videos on their mobile
phones, by the medium of social media. How large and wide the reach of social media can be, we are
sure you must be aware. The consequences of such an inflammatory speech could be dire.
It is quite clear so far that, given the well-orchestrated and numerous instances of hate speech and
actual hate crimes being committed, the minority community in various parts of India already feels
insecure and threatened. Furthermore, this was spoken at a public event and this speech has reached
not only the audience at the event but also all those who may have seen these videos on their mobile
phones, by the medium of social media. How large and wide the reach of social media can be, we are
sure you must be aware. The consequences of such an inflammatory speech could be dire.
Previous complaint against Bharatanand Saraswati Maharaj and Muni Nilesh Chandra
Maharaj
On April 30, 2023, in Mumbra, Thane, Maharashtra the outfit of Sakal Hindu Samaj had organised
another hate-filled Hindu Janjagaran Dharmsabha. Many speakers, including Bharatanand Saraswati
and Muni Nilesh Chandra Maharaj, were seen attending the event, advocating for the right-wing,
fascist, anti-democratic, anti-secular, exclusionist ideology by delivering violent and inciteful speeches
6. aimed at our country's Muslim community. A total of five speakers had delivered an anti-Muslim
speeches at the said event.
On May 8, several organisations were represented in a collective delegation to the Commissioner of
Police (Thane), Shri. Jai Jeet Singh, where a complaint against the said event was submitted and
prompt action against the hate speech delivered was demanded in accordance to law. It is essential to
note that the speech given by Bharatanand Saraswati at the April 30 event was similar to the speech
given at the present event against which we are filing this complaint. Upon submitting our complaint,
we had been assured that the required action against the hate speakers as well as the organisers will be
taken.
Penal implications
Such statements are bound to make things worse; to further generate communal disharmony or
feelings of ill will, enmity and hatred between the supporters of different political parties. The
utterances also amount to an act which is prejudicial to the maintenance of harmony between different
groups and is likely to disturb public tranquility. Moreover, such open intimidation and hate-filled
statement only makes the targeted group more vulnerable to violent acts. Such hate speech that is
illegal and unconstitutional violates the following provisions of the law:
In the light of this, we urge you to take action as per the following sections of IPC against the speakers
and the organisers:
109- Abetment
153A- Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth,
residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony.
153B- Imputation, assertions prejudicial to national-integration.
268- Public Nuisance
503- Criminal intimidation
504. Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of the peace
505 - Statements conducing to public mischief and Statements creating or promoting enmity, hatred
or ill-will between classes
Measures that Police is statutorily bound to take when Speakers & Organisers have a record
of Provocative Hate Speech:
7. We are sure that the Police is aware of a slew of directives that the Hon’ble Supreme Court
has issued time and again for effective prevention of social disharmony, hate crimes and
communal violence.
These include:
In Mohd. Haroon and others v. Union of India (2014) 5 SCC 252 and another, it has been clearly held that
it is the responsibility of the State Administration in association with the intelligence agencies of both
the State and the Centre to prevent recurrence of communal violence in any part of the State. If any
officer responsible for maintaining law and order is found negligent, he/she should be brought within
the ambit of law.
In Firoz Iqbal Khan vs Union of India [W.P (Civ.) No. 956 of 2020], the Supreme Court had held,
“..the edifice of a democratic society committed to the rule of law under a regime of
constitutional rights, values and duties is founded on the co-existence of communities. India
is a melting pot of civilizations, cultures, religions and languages. Any attempt to vilify a
religious community must be viewed with grave disfavour by this Court as the custodian of
constitutional values.”
In the case of Tehseen Poonawalla v UOI and ors (2018) 9 SCC 501 the Supreme Court held that, it is the
responsibility of the States to prevent untoward incidents and to prevent crime. The court further
given specific directions for the police to adopt preventative measures, in which a senior police officer,
not below the rank of Superintendent of Police, shall work as Nodal Officer in each district. Such
Nodal officers were then directed to constitute a special task force so as to procure intelligence reports
about the people who are likely to commit such crimes, as mob violence and lynching, or who are
involved in spreading hate speeches, provocative statements and fake news.
In addition to this, the Nodal Officer, along with the Station House officers, have been directed to
take steps to prohibit instances of dissemination of offensive material through different social media
platforms or any other means for inciting tendencies leading to mob-violence and lynching.
The court further said,
17. There can be no shadow of doubt that the authorities which are conferred with the
responsibility to maintain law and order in the States have the principal obligation to see that
vigilantism, be it cow vigilantism or any other vigilantism of any perception, does not take
place. When any core group with some kind of idea take the law into their own hands, it ushers
in anarchy, chaos, disorder and, eventually, there is an emergence of a violent society.
Vigilantism cannot, by any stretch of imagination, be given room to take shape, for it is
absolutely a perverse notion… No one has the authority to enter into the said field and
harbour the feeling that he is the law and the punisher himself. A country where the rule of
law prevails does not allow any such thought. It, in fact, commands for ostracisation of such
thoughts with immediacy.
8. 20. Hate crimes as a product of intolerance, ideological dominance and prejudice ought not to
be tolerated; lest it results in a reign of terror. Extra judicial elements and non-State actors
cannot be allowed to take the place of law or the law enforcing agency. A fabricated identity
with bigoted approach sans acceptance of plurality and diversity results in provocative
sentiments and display of reactionary retributive attitude transforming itself into
dehumanisation of human beings. Such an atmosphere is one in which rational debate, logical
discussion and sound administration of law eludes thereby manifesting clear danger to various
freedoms including freedom of speech and 4 expression. One man's freedom of thought,
action, speech, expression, belief, conscience and personal choices is not being tolerated by
the other and this is due to lack of objective rationalisation of acts and situations’.
In the case of Amish Devgan vs Union Of India 2021 1 SCC 1, the Supreme Court quoted Benjamin
Franklin, “It remains difficult in law to draw the outmost bounds of freedom of speech and
expression, the limit beyond which the right would fall foul and can be subordinated to other
democratic values and public law considerations, so as to constitute a criminal offence. The difficulty
arises in ascertaining the legitimate countervailing public duty, and in proportionality and
reasonableness of the restriction which criminalises written or spoken words. Further, criminalisation
of speech is often demarcated and delineated by the past and recent significant events affecting the
nation including explanation of their causes. Therefore, constitutional and statutory treatment of ‘hate
speech’ depends on the values sought to be promoted, perceived harm involved and the importance
of these harms. Consequently, a universal definition of ‘hate speech’ remains difficult, except for one
commonality that ‘incitement to violence’ is punishable.”
On February 26, the Navi Mumbai Commissioner of Police, Milind Bharambe, had videotaped the
entire event organised by Sakal Hindu Samajh in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra as per the orders of the
Supreme Court. The content of the speeches given at the event are now being investigated on whether
they can be classified as hate speeches. The decision of video-tapping the event came after Mr. Tushar
Gandhi, president of the Mahatma Gandhi Foundation had written a preventive letter to the Navi
Mumbai police seeking preventative measures.
It can be clearly deduced from the provocative and instigating statements made by the speaker at this
event that religious minorities of our country are being attacked to establish a nation for Hindus, and
anti-Muslim sentiments among the people are being instilled by the Sakal Hindu Samaj. In light of
this, the Police may invoke any other sections of IPC or provisions of any other relevant law against
the speakers and the organisers, in addition to the ones mentioned above, as they may deem fit and
necessary in this case.
A total of nine FIRs have been filed against hate offenders in Maharashtra since December 2022,
namely BJP MLA T. Raja Singh, Kajal Hindusthani, Kalicharan Maharaj and Suresh Chavhanke. The
latest FIR has been filed against Kalicharan Maharaj, by the Sillod rural police station of Aurangabad
rural. In the said FIR, in addition to Kalicharan Maharaj, the organisers as well as the ones who had
obtained permission for the event, have also been booked.
9. Therefore, we urge you to take cognizance of the video enclosed herewith, register a case against the
perpetrators identified as well as the organiser, and arrest them for the cognizable offences. If the
wider public is kept abreast of developments, this would go a long way in re building faith and
confidence in the rule of law in general and a police-citizen relationship in particular.
Sir, do note that we are sending this complaint, on which we urge you to register an FIR by email,
registered post and thereafter will be handing it over through a joint delegation in person.
In anticipation,
Yours sincerely,
Nandan Maluste, CJP President
Teesta Setalvad, CJP Secretary
List of Annexures:
Annexure A: A copy of the Supreme Court order dated April 28, 2023
Annexure B: A copy of the Supreme Court order dated October 21, 2022
Annexure C: A copy of the Supreme Court order dated February 3, 2023
Annexure D: A copy of the video downloaded from Twitter dated May 15, 2023